Federalist No. 38

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Federalist No. 38
Gilbert Stuart, James Madison, c. 1821, NGA 56914.jpg
James Madison, author of Federalist No. 38
AuthorJames Madison
LanguageEnglish
SeriesThe Federalist
PublisherThe Independent Journal
Publication date
January 12, 1788
Media typeNewspaper
Preceded byFederalist No. 37 
Followed byFederalist No. 39 

Federalist No. 38 is an essay by James Madison, the thirty-eighth of The Federalist Papers. It was published on January 12, 1788, under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist papers were published. Madison continues his topic from Federalist No. 37, the political questions examined by the constitutional convention. The essay is titled "The Same Subject Continued, and the Incoherence of the Objections to the New Plan Exposed". In it Madison argues that despite the many objections to the Constitution, it is still a vast and necessary improvement over the Articles of Confederation.

The essay mostly addresses the concern of imperfections in the new government. It covers history of the formation of governments, starting with the Minoans. The text is also notable for a single mention of slavery:

"It is a matter both of wonder and regret, that those who raise so many objections against the new Constitution should never call to mind the defects of that which is to be exchanged for it. It is not necessary that the former should be perfect; it is sufficient that the latter is more imperfect...Is the importation of slaves permitted by the new Constitution for twenty years? By the old it is permitted forever."

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