Free license

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A free license or open license^[1][2] is a license agreement which contains provisions that allow other individuals to reuse another creator's work, giving them four major freedoms. Without a special license, these uses are normally prohibited by copyright law or commercial license. Most free licenses are worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, and perpetual (see copyright durations). Free licenses are often the basis of crowdsourcing and crowdfunding projects.

The invention of the term "free license" and the focus on the were connected to the sharing traditions of the hacker culture of the 1970s public domain software ecosystem, the social and political free software movement (since 1980) and the open source movement (since the 1990s).^[3] These rights were codified by different groups and organizations for different domains in Free Software Definition, Open Source Definition, Debian Free Software Guidelines, Definition of Free Cultural Works and The Open Definition.^[1] These definitions were then transformed into licenses, using the copyright as legal mechanism. Since then, ideas of free/open licenses spread into different spheres of society.

Open source, free culture (unified as free and open-source movement), anticopyright, Wikimedia Foundation projects, public domain advocacy groups and pirate parties are connected with free and open licenses.

Philosophy[]

Classification and licenses[]

Network of licenses (and years of license creation).

By freedom[]

• Agreement, which is related to the public domain
  • Creative Commons CC0
  • WTFPL
  • Unlicense
  • Public Domain Dedication and License (PDDL)^[4]
• Permissive licenses
  • BSD License
  • MIT License
  • Mozilla Public License (file-based permissive copyleft)
  • Creative Commons Attribution
• Copyleft licenses
  • GNU GPL, LGPL (weaker copyleft), AGPL (stronger copyleft)
  • Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike
  • Mozilla Public License
  • Common Development and Distribution License
  • GFDL (without invariant sections)
  • Free Art License

By type of content[]

• Free software licences
  • The Free Software Definition
• Open Content
  • Open Content License
  • Open Publication License
• Free content licenses
  • Definition of Free Cultural Works
• Open-source hardware licenses
• Database licenses (Creative Commons v4 and Open Database Licence)
• Open patent licenses

By authors[]

• Free Software Foundation
• Open Source Initiative
• Creative Commons
• Microsoft
  • Microsoft Public License
  • Microsoft Reciprocal License
• Open Content Project
• Open Data Commons from Open Knowledge Foundation
  • (PDDL)
  • (ODC-By)
  • Open Database License (ODC-ODbL)

Problems[]

• License compatibility
• License proliferation
• has affiliates in more than 100 jurisdictions all over the world.

United States[]

European Union[]

EUPL was created in the European Union.

Germany[]

Harald Welte created gpl-violations.org

References[]

External links[]

• Various Licenses and Comments about Them - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
• License information - Debian
• Open Source Licenses
• Licenses - Definition of Free Cultural Works
• proposed Open Source Hardware (OSHW) Statement of Principles and Definition v1.0