Galbraith Lowry Cole
Sir Galbraith Lowry Cole | |
|---|---|
 Sir Galbraith Lowry Cole 1834 by William Dyce | |
| Born | 1 May 1772 Dublin |
| Died | 4 October 1842 (aged 70) Highfield Park, Hampshire, England |
| Allegiance |  United Kingdom |
| Service/ | British Army |
| Years of service | 1787–1833 |
| Rank | General |
| Unit | 27th (Inniskilling) Regiment of Foot |
| Commands held | 4th Division Northern District |
| Battles/wars | Peninsular War |
| Awards | Knight Grand Cross, Order of the Bath |
| Other work | Governor of Mauritius 1823–1828 Governor of the Cape Colony 1828–1833 |
Hon. Sir Galbraith Lowry Cole, GCB (1 May 1772 – 4 October 1842) was an Anglo-Irish British Army general and politician.
Early life[]
Cole was the second son of an Irish peer, William Willoughby Cole, 1st Earl of Enniskillen (1 March 1736–22 May 1803), and Anne Lowry-Corry (d. September 1802), the daughter of Galbraith Lowry-Corry of Tyrone, and the sister of Armar Lowry-Corry, 1st Earl Belmore.[1]
Army service[]
Cole was commissioned a cornet in 12th Dragoon Guards in 1787,.[2] He transferred to 5th Dragoon Guards as a lieutenant in 1791 and to 70th Foot as a captain in 1792, and served in the West Indies, Ireland, and Egypt. He was appointed lieutenant-colonel in Ward’s late regiment of foot in 1794 and lieutenant-colonel in the late General Villette's corps in 1799, on Full Pay although these units had been disbanded.[3] He was promoted to colonel in the Army in 1801 and served as brigadier general in Sicily and commanded the 1st Brigade at the Battle of Maida on 4 July 1806. In 1808 he was promoted to major-general. In 1809 he was appointed to the staff of the army serving in Spain and Portugal and granted the local rank of lieutenant-general in 1811. This rank was confirmed in the Army in 1813.[4] He commanded the 4th Division in the Peninsular War under Wellington, and was wounded at the Battle of Albuera in which he played a decisive part. He was also wounded, much more seriously, at Salamanca. He was promoted to full general in 1830.[2]
For having served with distinction in the battles of Maida, Albuhera, Salamanca, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Orthez and Toulouse, he received the Army Gold Cross with four clasps.[2] In 1815 he became General Officer Commanding Northern District.[5]
He was appointed Colonel of the 103rd Foot in 1812, 70th Foot in 1814 and 34th Foot in 1816. He subsequently became Governor of Gravesend and Tilbury fort. He was also colonel of the 27th Foot
Member of Parliament[]
He was Member of Parliament in the Irish House of Commons for the family seat of Enniskillen from 1797 to 1800, and represented Fermanagh in the British House of Commons in 1803.
He was appointed 2nd Governor of Mauritius from 12 June 1823 to 17 June 1828. He left in 1828 to take up the post of Governor of the Cape Colony which position he filled until 1833.
Cole was knighted in 1813, and was invested as a Knight Grand Cross, Order of the Bath on 2 January 1815.[2]
He is commemorated in Enniskillen by a statue surmounting a 30-metre (98 ft) column in Fort Hill Park, carried out by the Irish sculptor, Terence Farrell.[6]
Family[]
Cole was married on 15 June 1815 to Frances Harris (d. 1 November 1847), daughter of James Harris, 1st Earl of Malmesbury, for whom Malmesbury, Western Cape is named, and Harriet Mary, his wife. Frances Cole played a prominent part in social philanthropy in the Cape and worked towards having Coloured children taught useful trades. Colesberg, a town in the Cape, is named after him, as is Sir Lowry's Pass near Cape Town. They had seven children:[7][8]
- Arthur Lowry Cole, Col. 17th Regiment, C.B., Knight of the Medjidie (b. 24 August 1817 – d. 30 March 1885)
- William Willoughby Cole, Capt. 27th Regiment (b. 17 November 1819 – d. 4 April 1863)
- James Henry Cole (b. 15 December 1821)
- Florence Mary Georgiana Cole (b. 4 June 1816)
- Louisa Catherine Cole (b. 16 August 1818 – d. 14 October 1878, aged 60)
- Frances Maria Frederica Cole (b. 9 April 1824)
- Henrietta Anne Paulina Cole (b. 6 October 1826)
His elder brother John Willoughby Cole (23 March 1768–31 March 1840) married Charlotte Paget (d. 26 January 1817), the daughter of Henry Bayly Paget, 1st Earl of Uxbridge.
His sisters were:[1]
- Sarah Cole (d. 14 March 1833), married (1790) Owen Wynne
- Elizabeth Anne Cole (d. 1807), married (1788) Colonel Richard Magenis (d. 6 March 1831)
- Florence Cole (d. 1 March 1862), married (1797) Blayney Townley Balfour of Townley Hall, Drogheda, Co. Louth (d. 22 December 1856)
- Henrietta Frances Cole (22 June 1784–2 July 1848), married (20 July 1805) Thomas Philip Robinson, 2nd Earl de Grey (8 December 1781–14 November 1859)
He lived at Highfield House, Heckfield in Hampshire, adjacent to the Stratfield Saye estate of his friend the Duke of Wellington.
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b Mosley, Charles, ed. (2003). Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knighthood (107 ed.). Burke's Peerage & Gentry. p. 1329. ISBN 0-9711966-2-1.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Lowry Cole". Queen's Royal Surreys. Retrieved 19 December 2015.
- ^ War Office, Army Lists
- ^ Philippart, J., ed. 1820. The Royal Military Calendar, or Army Service and Commission Book, Containing the Services and Progress of Promotion of the Generals, Lieutenant-Generals, Major-Generals, Colonels, Lieutenant-Colonels, and Majors of the Army, According to Seniority: With Details of Principal Military Events of the Last Century, Vol.2. 3rd edition. London, UK: T. Egerton, and Sherwood, Neely and Jones. 5 Volumes.
- ^ Cole, John William (1856). "Memoirs of British Generals distinguished during the Peninsular War". London, R. Bentley.
- ^ "Fort Hill Park and Cole's Monument". Retrieved 19 December 2015.
- ^ Burke, Burnard, ed. (1880). A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire. Volume 42, Part 1. London. p. 456.
|volume=has extra text (help) - ^ Cole, James Edwin (1877). The Genealogy of the Family of Cole: of the County of Devon, and of Those of Its Branches Which Settled in Suffolk, Hampshire, Surrey, Lincolnshire, and Ireland. London.
Sources[]
- Stephens, Henry Morse (1887). . In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. 11. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- Stephens, H. M.; Benyon, John (reviewer) (January 2008). "Cole, Sir (Galbraith) Lowry (1772–1842)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/5848. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
External links[]
- Enniskillen at nidirect.gov.uk
- Genealogy
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- 1772 births
- 1842 deaths
- 19th-century Irish people
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- Irish soldiers in the British Army
- 27th Regiment of Foot officers
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- British Army commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
- Cole family (Anglo-Irish aristocracy)
- Governors of British Mauritius
- Governors of the Cape Colony
- Irish MPs 1798–1800
- Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
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