Georgy Flyorov

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Georgy Nikolayevich Flyorov
Stamp recognition of Georgy N. Flyorov (1913–1990)
Born	(1913-03-02)2 March 1913 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Empire
Died	19 November 1990(1990-11-19) (aged 77) Moscow, Soviet Union
Resting place	Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow
Nationality	Russian
Alma mater	Leningrad Polytechnic Institute
Known for	Discovery of spontaneous fission, Soviet atomic bomb project
Awards	Hero of Socialist Labor (1949)
Scientific career
Fields	Nuclear physics
Institutions	Joint Institute for Nuclear Research USSR Academy of Science
Notable students	Yuri Oganessian

Georgy Nikolayevich Flyorov (also spelled Flerov,^[1] Russian: Гео́ргий Никола́евич Флёров, IPA: [gʲɪˈorgʲɪj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ ˈflʲɵrəf]; 2 March 1913 – 19 November 1990) was a Soviet nuclear physicist who is known for his discovery of spontaneous fission and his contribution towards the physics of thermal reactions. In addition, he is also known for his letter directed to Joseph Stalin, during the midst of World War II, to start the atomic bomb project in the Soviet Union.^[1]

In 2012, element 114 was named flerovium after the research laboratory at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research bearing his name.^[2]

Biography[]

Flyorov was born in Rostov-on-Don and attended the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute (now known as the Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University) and majored in thermal physics and nuclear physics.

He discovered spontaneous fission in 1940 with Konstantin Petrzhak.

He is known for writing to Stalin in April 1942 as an air force lieutenant and pointing out the conspicuous silence within the field of nuclear fission in the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany.^[3] Flyorov's urgings to "build the uranium bomb without delay"^[4] eventually led to the development of the Soviet atomic bomb project.

In the 1970s, he claimed as his discovery two transition metal elements: seaborgium^[5] and bohrium.^[6]

He founded the Flyorov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (FLNR), one of the main laboratories of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna in 1957, and was director there until 1989. Also during this period, he chaired the Scientific Council of the Soviet Academy of Sciences.

Honours and awards[]

• Hero of Socialist Labour (1949)
• Two Orders of Lenin (1949, 1983)
• Order of the October Revolution (1973)
• Order of the Red Banner of Labour, three times (1959, 1963, 1975)
• Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class (1985)
• Lenin Prize (1967)
• Stalin Prize, twice (1946, 1949)
• Marian Smoluchowski Medal (1974)
• USSR State Prize (1975)
• Honorary Citizen of Dubna
• The element flerovium (atomic number 114) named after him

References[]

External links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Georgy Flyorov.

• Significant Flerov Dates
• Annotated bibliography of Georgy Flerov from the Alsos Digital Library
• A draft of Flerov's letter to Stalin

show This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian. (November 2015) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Russian article. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 2,175 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at [[:ru:Флёров,_Георгий_Николаевич]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|ru|Флёров,_Георгий_Николаевич}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

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