German ostruble
German ostruble | |
---|---|
Ostrubel (German, Polish) ostrublis (Latvian, Lithuanian) острубль (Russian) | |
![]() 1 Ostruble, 1916 | |
Denominations | |
Subunit | |
1/100 | kopeck (копѣйка) |
Plural | The language(s) of this currency belong(s) to the Slavic languages. There is more than one way to construct plural forms. |
Banknotes | 20, 50 kopecks 1, 3, 10, 25, 100 rubles |
Coins | 1, 2, 3 kopecks |
Demographics | |
Date of introduction | 17 April 1916 |
Official user(s) |
| alias = Duchy of Courland and Semigallia | shortname alias = Courland | flag alias = Flag of Courland (state).svg | size = | name = |
Unofficial user(s) | |
Issuance | |
Central bank | Darlehnskasse, Posen |
Circulated alongside German Ostmark, with 2 Ostmark = 1 Ostruble |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Reverse_3ostrubles_1916.jpg/220px-Reverse_3ostrubles_1916.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/2_Kopeken_1916_Ober_Ost_FH.jpg/220px-2_Kopeken_1916_Ober_Ost_FH.jpg)
Ostruble (German and Polish: Ostrubel; Latvian and Lithuanian: Ostrublis; Russian: Острубль) is the name given to a currency denominated in kopeck and ruble, which was issued by Germany in 1916 for use in the eastern areas under German occupation (Ober Ost and the Government General of Warsaw). It was initially equal to the Russian ruble. The reason for the issue was a shortage of rubles. The banknotes were produced by the Darlehnskasse in Posen (now Poznań) on 17 April 1916.
From 4 April 1916, the Ostrubel circulated alongside the Ostmark in the Ober Ost area, with 2 Ostmarken = 1 Ostrubel. In the Government General of Warsaw the Ostruble was replaced by the Polish marka on 14 April 1917.
Denominations[]
The denominations available were:
- 20 kopecks;
- 50 kopecks;
- 1 ruble;
- 3 rubles;
- 10 rubles;
- 25 rubles;
- 100 rubles.
The front sides of the banknotes carry a warning in German against forging banknotes. On the reverse sides is the same warning in Latvian (with old style orthography), Lithuanian and Polish.
There were also 1 kopeck, 2 kopeck and 3 kopeck coins, made out of iron.
Aftermath[]
The Ostrubel circulated in Lithuania together with the Ostmark until 1 October 1922, when it was replaced by the litas.
It was also still in use in a part of the Second Polish Republic during the first months of independence, until 29 April 1920.
References[]
![]() | This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (September 2017) |
Bibliography[]
- Gerhard Hahne, Die Inflation der Markwährungen und das postalische Geschehen im litauisch-polnischen Raum, Forschungsgemeinschaft Litauen im Bund Deutscher Philatelisten e.V., Uetze, (1996) (in German)
- N. Jakimovs and V. Marcilger, The Postal and Monetary History of Latvia 1918–1945, own book, 1991, pp. 14-13–14-15.
External links[]
- Currencies of Estonia
- Currencies of Germany
- Currencies of Latvia
- Currencies of Lithuania
- Currencies of Poland
- Currencies of Russia
- German Empire in World War I
- Modern obsolete currencies
- 1916 establishments in Germany
- 1922 disestablishments