German submarine U-1224
History | |
---|---|
Nazi Germany | |
Name | U-1224 |
Ordered | 25 August 1941 |
Builder | Deutsche Werft, Hamburg |
Yard number | 387 |
Laid down | 30 November 1942 |
Launched | 7 July 1943 |
Commissioned | 20 October 1943 |
Decommissioned | 15 February 1944 |
Fate | Transferred to Japanese service |
Notes | Used as a training ship for Japanese crew |
Japan | |
Name | Ro-501 |
Acquired | 15 February 1944 |
In service | 15 February 1944 |
Fate | Sunk, 13 May 1944 |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | Type IXC/40 submarine |
Displacement |
|
Length |
|
Beam |
|
Height | 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in) |
Draught | 4.67 m (15 ft 4 in) |
Installed power |
|
Propulsion |
|
Speed |
|
Range |
|
Test depth | 230 m (750 ft) |
Complement | 4 officers, 44 enlisted |
Armament |
|
Service record[1] | |
Part of: |
|
Commanders: |
|
Operations: | None |
Victories: | None |
German submarine U-1224 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built for service during World War II. She was constructed by Deutsche Werft of Hamburg, used as a training ship for Japanese sailors, and transferred into Japanese service on 15 February 1944. In the Imperial Japanese Navy, she served as Ro-501 until sunk May 1944.
Design[]
German Type IXC/40 submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXCs. U-1224 had a displacement of 1,144 tonnes (1,126 long tons) when at the surface and 1,257 tonnes (1,237 long tons) while submerged.[2] The U-boat had a total length of 76.76 m (251 ft 10 in), a pressure hull length of 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in), a beam of 6.86 m (22 ft 6 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.67 m (15 ft 4 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4,400 metric horsepower (3,240 kW; 4,340 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 shaft horsepower (1,010 PS; 750 kW) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.92 m (6 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[2]
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph).[2] When submerged, the boat could operate for 63 nautical miles (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 13,850 nautical miles (25,650 km; 15,940 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-1224 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one 10.5 cm (4.13 in) SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) Flak M42 as well as two twin 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.[2]
FLAK weaponry[]
U-1224/Ro-501 was mounted with a single 3.7 cm Flakzwilling M43U gun on the LM 42U mount. The LM 42U mount was the most common mount used with the 3.7 cm Flak M42U. The 3.7 cm Flak M42U was the marine version of the 3.7 cm Flak used by the Kriegsmarine on Type VII and Type IX U-boats.
A single 3.7 cm Flak M42U gun on the LM 42U mount.
Service history[]
Kriegsmarine[]
The submarine's keel was laid down in November 1942 by Blohm & Voss of Hamburg. It was commissioned in October 1943.
U-1224 was used as a training ship for Japanese sailors, and engaged in technology transfer activities. It began its career doing training for Japanese sailors who had arrived as part of the Yanagi missions. A small crew of Kriegsmarine sailors trained 48 Japanese sailors at sea in the Baltic from October 1943 to February 1944.
[]
After the crew underwent 3 months of training, U-1224 was recommissioned into the Japanese navy under the pennant Ro-501. Captain Narita was put in charge of the crew, and Ro-501 was then tasked to carry a load of war materials, blueprints, and other secret cargo from Kiel, Germany to Penang, Malaysia. The mission was never completed.
Technology Transfer[]
Germany and Japan were separated by great distance, and by 1944 they were increasingly cut off from each other. While neither power was able to send meaningful reinforcements or armaments through territory controlled by the Allied powers, they were able to use submarines to share some intelligence and weapons blueprints. Submarines offered security and their stealth allowed for a fair chance of success. Between 1942 and 1944, approximately 35 submarines attempted the journey from Europe to the Far East, and at least 11 attempted the journey from the Far East to Europe.
On its journey from Germany to Malaysia, Ro-501 carried precious metals, uncut optical glass, models and blueprints necessary to construct a Type IX U-boat in addition to motors and blueprints for the Messerschmitt Me 163 "Komet” rocket fighter airplane. It was also hoped that the trained Japanese sailors would pass along their expertise.
Sinking[]
The intended route to Penang was to take Ro-501 through the middle of the Atlantic Ocean west of the Azores and the Cape Verde islands, then around the Cape of Good Hope. She was to rendezvous with I-8 in the Indian Ocean to refuel before proceeding to her destination.[3] However, at 30°0′0″N 37°0′0″W / 30.00000°N 37.00000°W, Ro-501 ran into a U.S. Navy hunter-killer group comprising escort carrier USS Bogue and five destroyer escorts, including USS Francis M. Robinson . The group's presence forced Ro-501 underwater for two days, during which her batteries were depleted and her captain radioed a coded signal that he was being pursued.[3] Unfortunately, this transmission was detected by the American ships with their high-frequency direction finding ("Huff-Duff") equipment, enabling them to pinpoint the submarine's location.
The Francis M. Robinson reported a submerged contact at 19:00 on 13 May 1944. The destroyer escort engaged the contact with a full salvo from its forward-throwing Hedgehog mount, followed by five salvos of magnetic proximity fuzed depth charges.[4] Four underwater explosions were detected. All 56 hands aboard were lost - 52 crew (including a German radar operator and a German pilot) plus four IJN officer passengers.
The final resting place of U-1224/Ro-501 is 500 nautical miles (930 km; 580 mi) west-northwest of the Cape Verde islands at 18°7′59″N 33°12′59″W / 18.13306°N 33.21639°W in 2,900 feet (880 m) of water. This is a few miles from where USS Buckley sank U-66.[4][5]
References[]
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXC/40 boat U-1224". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 16 October 2014.
- ^ a b c d Gröner 1991, p. 68.
- ^ a b Hackett and Kingsepp, IJN Submarine RO-501 (ex-U-1224): Tabular Record of Movement
- ^ a b "Sinking of RO 501". Desausa.org. 13 May 1944. Retrieved 21 June 2014.
- ^ "RO-501 SUBMARINE 1943-1944 - WRECK WRAK EPAVE WRACK PECIO". Wrecksite.eu. Retrieved 21 June 2014.
Bibliography[]
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
- Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
External links[]
- Wreck information for the RO-501
- German Sub Losses
- Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXC/40 boat U-1224". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- Blockade Running Information, WW2
- Hackett, Bob; Kingsepp, Sander (2017). "IJN Submarine RO-501 (ex-U-1224): Tabular Record of Movement (Revision 4)". combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
- German Type IX submarines
- U-boats commissioned in 1944
- World War II submarines of Germany
- World War II submarines of Japan
- 1943 ships
- Ships built in Hamburg
- U-boats sunk in 1944
- U-boats sunk by US warships
- U-boats sunk by depth charges
- Foreign submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy
- Ships lost with all hands
- Maritime incidents in May 1944
- World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean