Goleniów

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Goleniów
Medieval defensive walls
Medieval defensive walls
Flag of Goleniów
Flag
Coat of arms of Goleniów
Coat of arms
Goleniów is located in Poland
Goleniów
Goleniów
Coordinates: 53°33′49″N 14°49′41″E / 53.56361°N 14.82806°E / 53.56361; 14.82806Coordinates: 53°33′49″N 14°49′41″E / 53.56361°N 14.82806°E / 53.56361; 14.82806
Country Poland
VoivodeshipWest Pomeranian
CountyGoleniów County
GminaGmina Goleniów
Established10th century
Town rights1268
Government
 • MayorRobert Krupowicz
Area
 • Total11.74 km2 (4.53 sq mi)
Elevation
15 m (49 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total22,844
 • Density1,900/km2 (5,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
72-100
Area code(s)+48 91
Car platesZGL
Primary airportSolidarity Szczecin–Goleniów Airport
Websitehttp://www.goleniow.pl

Goleniów [ɡɔˈlɛɲuf] (Kashubian: Gòłonóg; German: Gollnow) is a town in Pomerania, northwestern Poland with 22,399 inhabitants (2004). It is the capital of Goleniów County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship (since 1999); previously it was in Szczecin Voivodeship (1975–1998). Town area is 12.5 square kilometres (4.8 sq mi), geographical situation 53°33'N and 14°49'E. It is situated in the centre of on Goleniów Plain, near main roads numbers 3 and 6.

The international airport Szczecin-Goleniów "Solidarność" Airport is located just east of the town.

History[]

The settlement dates back to the 10th century. Together with Pomerania it formed part of Medieval Poland and as a result of the 12th-century fragmentation of Poland it became part of the separate Duchy of Pomerania, ruled by the House of Griffin. Barnim I, Duke of Pomerania granted the settlement Madgeburg town rights and additional privileges in 1264, yet the town was rechartered with Lübeck Law, which favoured the local merchants, in 1314.[1] The town grew by exploiting the vast timber reserves in the town-owned forests, and by trade.[1] The town was connected to the Baltic Sea trade routes by the port of Inoujście at the mouth of the Ina river.[1] Competition with nearby Szczecin (Stettin) led to a series of conflicts between the two towns, the differences were set aside only in 1615 when the towns signed a reconciling treaty.[1] The town remained part of the Duchy of Pomerania until Sweden took over in 1630.

19th-century view of the town

The Thirty Years' War devastated the town, and as a consequence of the post-war Peace of Westphalia (1648) and Treaty of Stettin (1653), the town remained with Sweden who had occupied the area since the Treaty of Stettin (1630).[1] The border with Brandenburg-Prussian Pomerania now ran close to the town, and cut Gollnow off from its economic hinterland, which hindered recovery from the war.[1] Between 1677 and 1683, Gollnow was occupied by Brandenburg-Prussia.[1] In the years that followed, the number of craftsmen in the town grew steadily.[1] In 1720, Sweden lost its possessions south of the Peene and east of the Peenestrom rivers, including Goleniów (Gollnow), to Prussia in the Treaty of Stockholm. In the 19th century, craft and trade were joined by industry - Gollnow hosted a coppersmith, a needle fabrication, several facilities for the manufacturing of furniture, three breweries, a distillery, and five water mills.[1] In the late 19th and early 20th century, the town became an important railroad junction, when it was connected to Dębno (then officially Neudamm) and Nowogard (Naugard) in 1882, to Kamień Pomorski (Cammin) and Wolin (Wollin) in 1892, and to Massow in 1903.[2] Gollnow was part of the Prussian province of Pomerania from 1815 to 1945. From 1871 to 1945 it was also part of Germany. In 1919, the Germans operated a camp in the town, in which they imprisoned Poles arrested in Szubin during the Greater Poland uprising.[3] During World War II, Germany operated a Nazi prison in the town, with multiple forced labour subcamps located in the region.[4] Polish forced labourers were imprisoned in the town. The totality of the town's population was expelled[citation needed] in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement.

On 7 March 1945, the town was captured by the Red Army. After Nazi Germany's defeat in World War II, the area became again part of Poland. In 1954, town limits were expanded by including Helenów as Goleniów's new district.

Historic architecture and monuments of Goleniów (examples)
Gothic Saint Catherine's church
Wolin Gate
Old granary
Elementary School No. 1
Polish Independence Monument
Courthouse

Population[]

1628: 1,500-1,600 inhabitants[1]


1745: 1,677 inhabitants[1]
1796: 2,200 inhabitants[1]
1811: 2,929 inhabitants[2]
1828: 3,920 inhabitants[2]
1843: 4,911 inhabitants[2]
1864: 7,413 inhabitants[2]
1895: 8,181 inhabitants[2]
1910: 10,258 inhabitants[2]
1928: 11,815 inhabitants[2]
1938: 13,500 inhabitants[2]
1960: 10,300 inhabitants
1970: 14,700 inhabitants
1975: 17,200 inhabitants
1980: 19,100 inhabitants
1990: 22,200 inhabitants
1995: 22,200 inhabitants
2004: 22,399 inhabitants
2007: 22.399 inhabitants
2008: 22.377 inhabitants


2011: 22.844 inhabitants

Sports[]

The  [pl] running competition is held annually in the town to commemorate Poland's National Independence Day. It is one of the oldest competitions of its kind in Poland.

The local football team is  [pl]. It competes in the lower leagues.

International relations[]

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland

Goleniów is twinned with:

  • Poland Pyrzyce, Poland
  • Sweden Svedala, Sweden

Cities and towns near Goleniów[]

  • Szczecin (Poland)
  • Police, Poland
  • Stargard (Poland)
  • Maszewo (Poland)
  • Nowogard (Poland)
  • Kamień Pomorski (Poland)
  • Wolin (town) (Poland)
  • Golczewo (Poland)

Tourist villages near Goleniów[]

Notable people[]

Johan Frederik Clemens, 1776
  • Johan Frederik Clemens (1749–1831), a Pomeranian-Danish printmaker in etching.
  • Werner Kollath (1892–1970), a German bacteriologist, hygienist and food scientist.
  • Günther Marks (1897–1978), a German church musician, organist and composer
  • Helga Paris (born 1938), German photographer
  • Marek Leśniak (born 1964), a retired Polish footballer, played over 500 pro games and 20 for Poland
  • Grzegorz Stępniak (born 1989) a Polish professional racing cyclist
  • Tom Swoon (born 1993), DJ, remixer and record producer

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Peter Oliver Loew, Staatsarchiv Stettin: Wegweiser durch die Bestände bis zum Jahr 1945, a translation of Radosław Gaziński, Paweł Gut, Maciej Szukała, Archiwum Państwowe w Szczecinie, Poland. Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Państwowych, Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 2004, p.286, ISBN 3-486-57641-0
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Peter Oliver Loew, Staatsarchiv Stettin: Wegweiser durch die Bestände bis zum Jahr 1945, a translation of Radosław Gaziński, Paweł Gut, Maciej Szukała, Archiwum Państwowe w Szczecinie, Poland. Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Państwowych, Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 2004, p.287, ISBN 3-486-57641-0
  3. ^ Marek Rezler. "Pierwsza bitwa o SZUBIN 2 - 8 stycznia 1919 r." Instytut Pamięci Narodowej (in Polish). Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  4. ^ "Zuchthaus Gollnow". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 31 March 2021.

External links[]

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