Gonzalo Queipo de Llano

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Queipo de Llano and the second or maternal family name is Sierra.
Gonzalo Queipo de Llano
Fotografía de Gonzalo Queipo de Llano Sierra.jpg
Born(1875-02-05)5 February 1875
Tordesillas, Kingdom of Spain
Died9 March 1951(1951-03-09) (aged 76)
Seville, Francoist Spain
Buried
La Macarena Basilica, Seville
37°24′09″N 5°59′22″W / 37.402525°N 5.989407°W / 37.402525; -5.989407
AllegianceSpain Kingdom of Spain (1896–1931)
 Spanish Republic (1931–1936)
 Francoist Spain (1936–1951)
Service/branchSpanish Army
Years of service1896–1939
RankCaptain General
Commands heldNationalist Army of the South
Captain General of Andalusia
División General of Madrid
Battles/warsSpanish–American War
Rif War
Spanish Civil War
AwardsLaureate Cross of Saint Ferdinand (Grand Cross)
Order of Military Merit (Grand Cross)

Gonzalo Queipo de Llano y Sierra (5 February 1875 – 9 March 1951) was a Spanish military leader who rose to prominence during the July 1936 coup and then the Spanish Civil War and the White Terror.

Biography[]

A career army man, Queipo de Llano was a brigadier general in 1923 when he began to speak out against the army and Miguel Primo de Rivera. He was demoted and had to serve three years in prison. However, he refused to stop his criticism even after his release and so he was dismissed altogether in 1928.

In 1930, he became a revolutionary, but on a failed attempt to overthrow King Alfonso XIII, he fled to Portugal. He returned to his native land in 1931 after the departure of Alfonso XIII and assumed command of the 1st Military District of the Spanish Republican Army. He was later appointed by Niceto Alcalá Zamora to the president's chief of the military staff (Queipo's daughter was married to a son of Alcalá Zamora).

Even as he rose in prominence, he remained critical of the shifting governments and joined a plot to overthrow the Popular Front government in May 1936.[1]

During the Spanish Civil War, Queipo de Llano secured the capture of Seville with a force of at least 4,000 troops and ordered mass killings.[2][3]

He was then appointed the commander of the Nationalist Army of the South. His influence began to decline in February 1938, when Francisco Franco named himself sole leader of the new state and appointed his brother-in-law Ramón Serrano Súñer as interior and propaganda minister.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jackson, Gabriel. The Spanish Republic and the Spanish Civil War, 1931–1939. Princeton University Press. Princeton. 1967. p. 225.
  2. ^ Preston, Paul. The Spanish Civil War: Reaction, Revolution and Revenge. Harper Perennial. London. 2006. p. 106.
  3. ^ Preston, Paul. 2012. The Spanish Holocaust. Harper Press. London. p. 330–331.

Further reading[]

  • Antony Beevor (2006). The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939. Penguin Books. 2006. ISBN 0-14-303765-X
  • Tom Buchanan, (1997). Britain and the Spanish Civil War. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-45569-3
  • Gabriel Jackson, (1965). The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931–1939. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00757-8. OCLC 185862219, another edition, 1967.
  • Minder, Raphael (October 15, 2018). "In Seville, Burial of Civil War Commander Reopens Decades-Old Wounds". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331.
  • Stanley G. Payne (1970). The Spanish Revolution. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-00124-8.
  • Stanley G. Payne (2004). The Spanish Civil War, the Soviet Union, and Communism. New Haven; London: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-10068-X. OCLC 186010979.
  • Stanley G. Payne, (1999). Fascism in Spain, 1923–1977. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0-299-16564-7.
  • Stanley G. Payne, (2008). Franco and Hitler: Spain, Germany, and World. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12282-4.
  • Paul Preston. The Spanish Civil War: Reaction, Revolution and Revenge. Harper Perennial. London. (2006). ISBN 0-393-32987-9 / 0-393-32987-9 ISBN 978-0-393-32987-2.
  • Paul Preston (2012). The Spanish Holocaust. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. (2012), ISBN 9780393064766.
  • Ronald Radosh; Mary Habeck, Grigory Sevostianov (2001). Spain Betrayed: The Soviet Union in the Spanish Civil War with Mary R. Habeck and Grigorii Nikolaevich Sevostianov. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-08981-3. OCLC 186413320
  • Rúben Emanuel Serém (2012). Conspiracy, Coup d'État and Civil War in Seville (1936–1939): History and Myth in Francoist Spain (PDF). PhD dissertation. London: LSE.
  • Hugh Thomas. The Spanish Civil War. Penguin Books. London. 2003, 4th edition. (1961, 1987, 2003). London: Penguin. ISBN 0-14-101161-0. OCLC 248799351.

External links[]

Spanish nobility
New creation Marquis of Queipo de Llano
1 April 1950 – 9 March 1951 		Succeeded by
Gonzalo Queipo de Llano y Martí
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