Gosho clan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In this Japanese name, the surname is Gosho.
Gosho
御所
Home province
Parent houseFujiwara clan
Titles
  • Senior Sixth Rank
  • Fifth Rank
Founding year12th century
Dissolutionstill extant
Western Gate of the Atsuta Complex where the Atsuta Palace was located (Meiji era)

The Gosho clan (御所氏 or 五所氏, Gosho-shi) is a Japanese samurai and shake family descending from the Fujiwara clan. In modern times, they have been the illustrious family (meizoku) of Usa, Buzen Province, in the area of Fukuoka and Ōita Prefecture.

A close retainer of shogun Minamoto no Yoritomo, they served the Kamakura Shogunate during the Heian and Kamakura periods. During the Nanboku-chō and Muromachi periods, they served as shinkan government officials at the Atsuta Shrine.

Origins[]

The Gosho clan is a branch of the Fujiwara clan,[1] a powerful family of Japanese regents and court nobility, founded by Fujiwara no Kamatari in the 7th century. Their origins are in Atsuta, Owari Province (present-day Atsuta, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture). They took the name Gosho from the Atsuta Palace (Atsuta Gosho) that they lived in as the acting governor (daikan) of the shrine and its territory.[2]

History[]

Gosho no Gorōmaru and Minamoto no Yoritomo (Utagawa Yoshiume)

In May 1193, Gosho no Gorōmaru, who had become a close retainer to shogun Minamoto no Yoritomo, participated in the grand hunting event Fuji no Makigari held by Yoritomo.[3] On May 28 of the same year, the Soga brothers took their revenge and killed Kudō Suketsune on the last night of Fuji no Makigari. After the brothers killed ten other participants, the elder brother Soga Sukenari was shot by Suketsune's subordinate Nitta Tadatsune. The younger brother Soga Tokimune killed all the samurai one by one who attempted to stop him, and broke into Yoritomo's living quarters. However, Gorōmaru, who was in Yoritomo's bedchamber, took Tokimune down on his own, thus ending the massacre and saving the shogun from a possible assassination attempt.[3] This incident and Gosho no Gorōmaru are recorded in Azuma Kagami and Soga Monogatari,[4] and the story lives on in noh and kabuki "Sogamono" theater in which Gorōmaru is known as Gosho no Gorozō.[5][6]

In June 1196, the Gosho clan descended to Kyushu with the new Governor of Buzen and Bungo Provinces and Defense Commissioner of the West, Ōtomo Yoshinao, who was also a gokenin of Yoritomo alongside Gorōmaru.[2][7] On June 11, 1196, they entered Kyushu from Hamawakiura, Hayami District, Bungo Province (present-day Ōita Prefecture).[7]

Later, they served in several positions such as magistrate general (sōbugyō) or administrator general (sōkengyō) of the Atsuta Shrine. They succeeded the court rank of Senior Sixth Rank and the position of grand officer of divine offerings (ōuchibito), a position passed down from generation to generation in the no Sukune clan, and began the hereditary succession of the position. Gosho no Gorōmaru's (a descendant of the 12th century Gosho no Gorōmaru) son, head priest (saishu) Hataya Daifu, succeeded as Senior Sixth Rank ōuchibito in 1334.[2] In 1442, Moribe Gorōmaru succeeded the same position. In 1470, Moribe Yasutomi was promoted to Fifth Rank shohishiki. The Moribes, along with several members of the Gosho clan succeeding the name Moribe, served as ōuchibito of the Atsuta Shrine from 686 until 1872 for over 1,100 years from first generation Moribe no Sukune Hikoya until 24th generation Moribe Kiyonobu.[8]

In modern times, the Gosho clan have been the illustrious family (meizoku) of Usa, Buzen Province, part of present-day Fukuoka and northern Ōita Prefecture.[2] In Usa, Ōita Prefecture, the tradition tells that they are the descendants of shinkan of the Atsuta Shrine, in Atsuta, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture.[9]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Fujiwara Shizoku Seishi Ichiran (藤原氏族姓氏一覧) (in Japanese). Japan: Toeikai. 1991. pp. 130, Gosho.
  2. ^ a b c d Ota, Akira (1942). Seishi Kakei Daijiten, Volume 3 (姓氏家系大辞典、第3巻) (in Japanese). Kokuminsha. pp. 41, Gosho.
  3. ^ a b Ichiko, Teiji (1966). Soga Monogatari - Iwanami Koten Bungakutaikei 88 (曽我物語　岩波古典文学大系88) (in Japanese). Iwanami Shoten. pp. 362–363.
  4. ^ "Kamakura Gosho no Goromaru no Haka". Yamanashi Prefecture Minami-Alps City (山梨県 南アルプス市 -自然と文化が調和した幸せ創造都市-) (in Japanese). Retrieved 2021-03-13.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ Encyclopedia Nipponica (日本大百科全書). Shogakukan. 1998. Soga Moyōtateshi no Gosho-zome (曽我綉侠御所染). ISBN 4-09-906721-1.
  6. ^ "Jubankiri Column (十番切　コラム)". Meisei University (in Japanese). Retrieved 2021-03-13.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ a b Odawara City (1998). Odawara-shi-shi (小田原市史). Odawara City.
  8. ^ Ota, Akira (1942). Seishi Kakei Daijiten, Volume 6 (姓氏家系大辞典、第6巻) (in Japanese). Kokuminsha. pp. 482–483, Moribe.
  9. ^ Miyamoto, Yoichi (2017). Nihon Seishi Gogen Jiten (日本姓氏語源辞典). Jigensha. Gosho. ISBN 978-4-908348-04-4.
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