Gynacantha

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Gynacantha
Black-kneed duskhawker (Gynacantha bullata) female.jpg
Black-kneed duskhawker Gynacantha bullata
female, Aburi Botanical Gardens, Ghana
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Odonata
Infraorder: Anisoptera
Family: Aeshnidae
Genus: Gynacantha
Rambur, 1842[1]

Gynacantha is a genus of dragonflies in the family Aeshnidae.[2] The females have two prominent spines under the last abdominal segment.[3] This gives the genus name (from Greek female and thorn) and the common name two-spined darners; they are also known as duskhawkers.

Species[]

The genus Gynacantha includes the following species:[4][5]

  1. Martin, 1909
  2. Gynacantha africana (Palisot de Beauvois, 1805) - Giant Duskhawker
  3. Fraser, 1927
  4. Lieftinck, 1961
  5. Fraser, 1927
  6. Fraser, 1924
  7. Asahina, 1984
  8. Lieftinck, 1948
  9. Lieftinck, 1953
  10. Martin, 1909
  11. Fraser, 1922
  12. Paulson & von Ellenrieder, 2005
  13. Selys, 1882
  14. Gynacantha bayadera Selys, 1891 (= G. furcata?)
  15. Rambur, 1842
  16. Fraser, 1927
  17. Rambur, 1842
  18. Gynacantha bullata Karsch, 1891 - Black-kneed Duskhawker
  19. Lieftinck, 1960
  20. Lieftinck, 1953
  21. Ris, 1915
  22. Kompier & Holden, 2017
  23. Karsch, 1891
  24. Gynacantha chaplini Khan, 2021
  25. McLachlan, 1895
  26. Couteyen & Papazian, 2009
  27. Hämäläinen, 1991
  28. Förster, 1908
  29. Lempert, 1999
  30. Martin, 1897
  31. Gynacantha cylindrata Karsch, 1891 - Greater girdled Duskhawker
  32. Ris, 1911
  33. Gynacantha dobsoni Fraser, 1951 – lesser duskhawker[6]
  34. Krüger, 1899
  35. Gynacantha dravida Lieftinck, 1960
  36. Gundlach, 1888
  37. (Martin, 1909)
  38. Rambur, 1842
  39. (Burmeister, 1839)
  40. Williamson & Williamson, 1930
  41. Fraser, 1956
  42. Selys, 1882
  43. Gynacantha immaculifrons Fraser, 1956 - Pale Duskhawker
  44. Fraser, 1935
  45. Williamson, 1923
  46. Bartenev, 1909
  47. Williamson, 1923
  48. McLachlan, 1896
  49. Gynacantha kirbyi Krüger, 1898 – slender duskhawker[6]
  50. Williamson, 1923
  51. Williamson, 1923
  52. Karsch, 1892
  53. Williamson, 1923
  54. Förster, 1899
  55. Fraser, 1962
  56. Gynacantha manderica Grünberg, 1902 – little duskhawker[7]
  57. Karsch, 1891
  58. Gynacantha mexicana Selys, 1868 – bar-sided darner[3][8]
  59. Gynacantha mocsaryi Förster, 1898 – paddle-tipped duskhawker[6]
  60. Karsch, 1892
  61. Ris, 1915
  62. Gynacantha nervosa Rambur, 1842 – twilight darner[9]
  63. Gynacantha nigeriensis (Gambles, 1956) – yellow-legged duskhawker[8][10]
  64. Gynacantha nourlangie Theischinger & Watson, 1991 – cave duskhawker[6]
  65. Fraser, 1922
  66. Lieftinck, 1948
  67. Ris, 1915
  68. Lieftinck, 1960
  69. Fraser, 1956
  70. Mitra & Lahiri, 1975
  71. Navás, 1934
  72. Laidlaw, 1931
  73. Hämäläinen, 1991
  74. Gynacantha rosenbergi Kaup in Brauer, 1867 – grey duskhawker[6]
  75. Navás, 1930
  76. Asahina, 1962
  77. Martin, 1909
  78. Gynacantha sextans McLachlan, 1896 - Dark-rayed Duskhawker
  79. Lieftinck, 1934
  80. Fraser, 1927
  81. Martin, 1896
  82. Rambur, 1842
  83. Martin, 1909
  84. Karsch, 1891
  85. Gynacantha usambarica Sjöstedt, 1909 – Usambara duskhawker[11]
  86. Haber, 2019
  87. Gynacantha vesiculata Karsch, 1891
  88. Gynacantha villosa Grünberg, 1902 – hairy duskhawker[12]

References[]

  1. ^ Rambur, Jules (1842). Histoire naturelle des insectes. Névroptères. Paris: Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret. pp. 534 [209] – via Internet Archive.
  2. ^ "Genus Gynacantha Rambur, 1842". Australian Faunal Directory. Australian Biological Resources Study. 2012. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  3. ^ a b Paulson, Dennis R. (2009). Dragonflies and Damselflies of the West. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-12281-4.
  4. ^ Martin Schorr; Dennis Paulson. "World Odonata List". University of Puget Sound. Retrieved 12 Oct 2018.
  5. ^ Haber, William A. (2019-05-28). "Gynacantha vargasi (Odonata: Anisoptera: Aeshnidae) sp. nov. from Costa Rica". Zootaxa. 4612 (1): 58–70. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4612.1.3. ISSN 1175-5334.
  6. ^ a b c d e Theischinger, G.; Hawking, J. (2006). The Complete Field Guide to Dragonflies of Australia. CSIRO Publishing. ISBN 0-643-09073-8.
  7. ^ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Gynacantha manderica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T59876A72361162. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59876A72361162.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  8. ^ a b "North American Odonata". University of Puget Sound. 2009. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
  9. ^ Paulson, D.R. (2017). "Gynacantha nervosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T165050A80689618. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T165050A80689618.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  10. ^ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Gynacantha nigeriensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T59877A72361538. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59877A72361538.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  11. ^ Clausnitzer, V. & Suhling, F. (2010). "Gynacantha usambarica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T59879A12114020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T59879A12114020.en.
  12. ^ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Gynacantha villosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T59881A72363075. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59881A72363075.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
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