Gynacantha
Gynacantha | |
---|---|
Black-kneed duskhawker Gynacantha bullata female, Aburi Botanical Gardens, Ghana | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Odonata |
Infraorder: | Anisoptera |
Family: | Aeshnidae |
Genus: | Gynacantha Rambur, 1842[1] |
Gynacantha is a genus of dragonflies in the family Aeshnidae.[2] The females have two prominent spines under the last abdominal segment.[3] This gives the genus name (from Greek female and thorn) and the common name two-spined darners; they are also known as duskhawkers.
Species[]
The genus Gynacantha includes the following species:[4][5]
- Martin, 1909
- Gynacantha africana (Palisot de Beauvois, 1805) - Giant Duskhawker
- Fraser, 1927
- Lieftinck, 1961
- Fraser, 1927
- Fraser, 1924
- Asahina, 1984
- Lieftinck, 1948
- Lieftinck, 1953
- Martin, 1909
- Fraser, 1922
- Paulson & von Ellenrieder, 2005
- Selys, 1882
- Gynacantha bayadera Selys, 1891 (= G. furcata?)
- Rambur, 1842
- Fraser, 1927
- Rambur, 1842
- Gynacantha bullata Karsch, 1891 - Black-kneed Duskhawker
- Lieftinck, 1960
- Lieftinck, 1953
- Ris, 1915
- Kompier & Holden, 2017
- Karsch, 1891
- Gynacantha chaplini Khan, 2021
- McLachlan, 1895
- Couteyen & Papazian, 2009
- Hämäläinen, 1991
- Förster, 1908
- Lempert, 1999
- Martin, 1897
- Gynacantha cylindrata Karsch, 1891 - Greater girdled Duskhawker
- Ris, 1911
- Gynacantha dobsoni Fraser, 1951 – lesser duskhawker[6]
- Krüger, 1899
- Gynacantha dravida Lieftinck, 1960
- Gundlach, 1888
- (Martin, 1909)
- Rambur, 1842
- (Burmeister, 1839)
- Williamson & Williamson, 1930
- Fraser, 1956
- Selys, 1882
- Gynacantha immaculifrons Fraser, 1956 - Pale Duskhawker
- Fraser, 1935
- Williamson, 1923
- Bartenev, 1909
- Williamson, 1923
- McLachlan, 1896
- Gynacantha kirbyi Krüger, 1898 – slender duskhawker[6]
- Williamson, 1923
- Williamson, 1923
- Karsch, 1892
- Williamson, 1923
- Förster, 1899
- Fraser, 1962
- Gynacantha manderica Grünberg, 1902 – little duskhawker[7]
- Karsch, 1891
- Gynacantha mexicana Selys, 1868 – bar-sided darner[3][8]
- Gynacantha mocsaryi Förster, 1898 – paddle-tipped duskhawker[6]
- Karsch, 1892
- Ris, 1915
- Gynacantha nervosa Rambur, 1842 – twilight darner[9]
- Gynacantha nigeriensis (Gambles, 1956) – yellow-legged duskhawker[8][10]
- Gynacantha nourlangie Theischinger & Watson, 1991 – cave duskhawker[6]
- Fraser, 1922
- Lieftinck, 1948
- Ris, 1915
- Lieftinck, 1960
- Fraser, 1956
- Mitra & Lahiri, 1975
- Navás, 1934
- Laidlaw, 1931
- Hämäläinen, 1991
- Gynacantha rosenbergi Kaup in Brauer, 1867 – grey duskhawker[6]
- Navás, 1930
- Asahina, 1962
- Martin, 1909
- Gynacantha sextans McLachlan, 1896 - Dark-rayed Duskhawker
- Lieftinck, 1934
- Fraser, 1927
- Martin, 1896
- Rambur, 1842
- Martin, 1909
- Karsch, 1891
- Gynacantha usambarica Sjöstedt, 1909 – Usambara duskhawker[11]
- Haber, 2019
- Gynacantha vesiculata Karsch, 1891
- Gynacantha villosa Grünberg, 1902 – hairy duskhawker[12]
References[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gynacantha. |
Wikispecies has information related to Gynacantha. |
- ^ Rambur, Jules (1842). Histoire naturelle des insectes. Névroptères. Paris: Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret. pp. 534 [209] – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "Genus Gynacantha Rambur, 1842". Australian Faunal Directory. Australian Biological Resources Study. 2012. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
- ^ a b Paulson, Dennis R. (2009). Dragonflies and Damselflies of the West. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-12281-4.
- ^ Martin Schorr; Dennis Paulson. "World Odonata List". University of Puget Sound. Retrieved 12 Oct 2018.
- ^ Haber, William A. (2019-05-28). "Gynacantha vargasi (Odonata: Anisoptera: Aeshnidae) sp. nov. from Costa Rica". Zootaxa. 4612 (1): 58–70. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4612.1.3. ISSN 1175-5334.
- ^ a b c d e Theischinger, G.; Hawking, J. (2006). The Complete Field Guide to Dragonflies of Australia. CSIRO Publishing. ISBN 0-643-09073-8.
- ^ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Gynacantha manderica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T59876A72361162. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59876A72361162.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ a b "North American Odonata". University of Puget Sound. 2009. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
- ^ Paulson, D.R. (2017). "Gynacantha nervosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T165050A80689618. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T165050A80689618.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Gynacantha nigeriensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T59877A72361538. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59877A72361538.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ Clausnitzer, V. & Suhling, F. (2010). "Gynacantha usambarica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T59879A12114020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T59879A12114020.en.
- ^ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Gynacantha villosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T59881A72363075. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59881A72363075.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
Categories:
- Aeshnidae
- Anisoptera genera
- Odonata of Australia
- Odonata of Oceania
- Taxa named by Jules Pierre Rambur
- Odonata of Asia