Gyraulus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gyraulus
Temporal range: Early Cretaceous - Recent, 125–0 Ma
Gyraulus (Armiger) crista.JPG
Two shells of Gyraulus crista
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder: Hygrophila
Family: Planorbidae
Subfamily:
Tribe:
Genus: Gyraulus
Charpentier, 1837[1]
Type species
Planorbis albus O. F. Müller, 1774
Synonyms
  • Anisus (Gyraulus) Agassiz in Charpentier, 1837 (Gyraulus has genus rank)
  • Armiger Hartmann, 1843 (Armiger is ranked as subgenus of Gyraulus)
  • Caillaudia Bourguignat, 1883
  • Glyptanisus Iredale, 1943
  • Gyraulus (Armiger) Hartmann, 1843
  • Gyraulus (Caillaudia) Bourguignat, 1883
  • Gyraulus (Carinogyraulus) Polinski, 1929
  • Gyraulus (Choanomphalodes) Lindholm, 1927
  • Gyraulus (Gyraulus) Charpentier, 1837
  • Gyraulus (Lamorbis) Starobogatov, 1967
  • Gyraulus (Torquis) Dall, 1905
  • Lamorbis Starobogatov, 1967
  • Planorbis (Armiger) Hartmann, 1843 (Armiger is ranked as subgenus of Gyraulus)
  • Planorbis (Gyraulus) Agassiz in Charpentier, 1837 (Gyraulus is treated as separate genus)

Gyraulus is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.[2]

The genus Gyraulus is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils attributed to Gyraulus sp. have been found in the lakebottom sediments of the Yixian Formation in China, dating to 125 million years ago.[3]

The minute species Gyraulus crista, although technically a pulmonate gastropod, does not use air for respiration, but instead has a mantle cavity which has much water.

Distribution[]

The distribution of this genus is Holarctic.

Habitat[]

These snail snails live on water plants in freshwater.

Shell description[]

Shell of the species within this genus are small, and are mostly almost planispiral in their coiling.

Species[]

Species within the genus Gyraulus include:

subgenus W. Hartmann, 1843[4]

  • Gyraulus crista (Linnaeus, 1758)[5] - Nautilus ramshorn
  • † (Gozhik & Prysjazhnjuk, 1978)
  • † (Roshka, 1973)
  • † (Sandberger, 1875)
  • † (Gozhik & Prysjazhnjuk, 1978)
  • † (Bourguignat, 1881)
  • † (Royo Gómez, 1922)
  • † (Gozhik & Prysjazhnjuk, 1978)
  • † (Halaváts, 1903)

subgenus Polinski, 1929:[6] represented as Gyraulus

subgenus Gyraulus Charpentier, 1837

  • † Willmann, 1981
  • † Schlickum & Strauch, 1979
  • † (Fontannes, 1881)
  • † Brusina, 1897
  • † (Lörenthey, 1894)
  • Gyraulus chinensis (Dunker, 1848)[7]
  • † (Eichwald, 1830)
  • † (Brusina, 1884)
  • † (Brusina, 1884)
  • † (Sandberger, 1859)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • † (Pavlović, 1903)
  • † (Noulet, 1854)
  • † (Rolle, 1860)
  • † (Rolle, 1860)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • Gloer & Pesic, 2007[7]
  • (Mousson, 1859)[7]
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • † (Brusina, 1897)
  • † (Pavlović, 1903)
  • † (Brusina, 1892)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • † (Brusina, 1878)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • Gloer & Pesic, 2007[7]
  • † (Wenz, 1919)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • † (Brusina, 1897)
  • † (Pavlović, 1903)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • † (Pavlović, 1903)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • † (Lörenthey, 1906)
  • † (Brusina, 1893)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • Gyraulus piscinarum (Bourguignat, 1852)[7]
  • † (Lörenthey, 1893)
  • † (Lörenthey, 1902)
  • † (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1890)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • † (Rousseau, 1842)
  • Gloer & Pesic, 2007[7]
  • † (Brusina, 1897)
  • † (Brusina, 1897)
  • † (Forbes, 1845)
  • † (Sacco, 1886)
  • (Westerlund, 1881)[7]
  • † (Oppenheim, 1919)
  • † (Royo Gómez, 1922)
  • † (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1899)
  • † (Pavlović, 1903)
  • † (Ludwig, 1865)
  • † Schlickum & Strauch, 1974

subgenus Starobogatov, 1967:[8] represented as Gyraulis

subgenus Mousson, 1872[9]

  • (Shuttleworth, 1852)[10]

subgenus Dall, 1905[11]

subgenus ?

  • Gyraulus acronicus (Férussac, 1807)
  • † (Clessin, 1877)
  • Radoman, 1953[7]
  • Gyraulus albus (O. F. Müller, 1774)[7] - White ramshorn
  • † (Rolle, 1862)
  • † (Ali-Zade & Kabakova in Ali-Zade, 1969)
  • † (Thomä, 1845)
  • Gyraulus argaeicus (Sturany, 1904)
  • † Jekelius, 1932
  • † (Johnston, 1879)
  • † (Halaváts, 1903)
  • Gyraulus bekaensis Glöer & Bössneck, 2007[13]
  • (Preston, 1916)
  • † (Prysjazhnjuk, 1974)
  • (Lovén in Westerlund, 1875)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • Gyraulus chinensis (Dunker, 1848)
  • † Gyraulus circumstriatus (Tryon, 1866)
  • Gyraulus convexiusculus [14]
  • (Gray, 1850)
  • † (Klein, 1846)
  • Gyraulus costulatus (Krauss, 1848)[15]
  • Hubendick & Radoman, 1959[16]
  • † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
  • † (Braun in Walchner, 1851)
  • Gyraulus deflectus [1]
  • † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † (Hyatt, 1880)
  • † (Bukowski, 1896)
  • D. S. Brown, 2001
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
  • Glöer & Girod, 2013
  • † Gyraulus ehrenbergi (Beck, 1837)
  • Vinarski, Glöer & Palatov, 2013 [17]
  • (E. A. Smith, 1882)
  • Meier-Brook, 1983
  • Gyraulus euphraticus (Mousson, 1874)
  • Hubendick & Radoman, 1959[16]
  • † (Lörenthey, 1902)
  • † (Brusina, 1897)
  • (Dunker, 1848)
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
  • (Bourguignat, 1852)
  • † (Pavlović, 1927)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • (Dautzenberg, 1894)
  • F. C. Baker, 1934
  • Glôer & Naser, 2005
  • Glöer & Pešić, 2007
  • (Mousson, 1859)
  • (Finlay & Laws, 1931)
  • † (Gottschick & Wenz, 1916)
  • Glöer & Bössneck, 2013
  • † Neubauer & Harzhauser in Harzhauser et al., 2014
  • Gyraulus laevis (Alder, 1838)
  • † (Noulet, 1854)
  • Shu, Köhler, Fu & Wang, 2013
  • Hesse, 1928[16]
  • † (Brusina, 1892)
  • † Gál et al., 1999 †
  • Gyraulus mauritianus (Morelet, 1876)[18]
  • Glöer & Pešić, 2007
  • † (Fuchs, 1870)
  • † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • Gyraulus nedyalkovi Glöer & Georgiev, 2012
  • † Wenz, 1919
  • † Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 †
  • † (Klein, 1846)
  • Gyraulus pamphylicus Glöer & Rähle, 2009
  • Gyraulus parvus (Say, 1817)[12]
  • Gyraulus piscinarum (Bourguignat, 1852)
  • † Nützel & Bandel, 1993 (?)
  • † (Pavlović, 1927)
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
  • † Jekelius, 1944
  • † Nützel & Bandel, 1993
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
  • † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † (Brusina, 1892)
  • † (Brusina, 1897)
  • † (Neumayr in Herbich & Neumayr, 1875)
  • † Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014†
  • † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † (Brusina, 1902)
  • Gyraulus riparius[19]
  • Gyraulus rossmaessleri (Auerswald, 1852)[19]
  • Hadzisce, 1955[16]
  • (Benson, 1850)
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
  • † Nützel & Bandel, 1993
  • † Wenz in Krejci-Graf & Wenz, 1932
  • † (Brusina, 1892)
  • † Harzhauser & Neubauer in Harzhauser et al., 2012
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
  • Glöer & Pešić, 2007
  • (Clessin, 1884)
  • † Jekelius, 1944
  • † (Lörenthey, 1902)
  • (Gould, 1859)
  • Hadžišče, 1953
  • † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † (d'Orbigny, 1852)
  • † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
  • Glöer & Girod, 2013
  • (Prozorova & Starobogatov, 1997)
  • Rensch, 1934
  • (Mori, 1938)
  • (Neumayr in Herbich & Neumayr, 1875) †
  • Polinski, 1929[16]
  • † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † (Stahl, 1824)
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
  • † Jekelius, 1944
  • (Gould, 1847)
  • † (Stoliczka, 1862)
  • † (Brusina, 1892)
  • † Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
  • (Clessin, 1885)
  • † (Sauerzopf, 1953)
Species inquirenda
  • Clessin, 1907
  • Gyraulus percarinatus Paraense, 2000 name unavailable under ICZN Art. 16.4)
Species brought into synonymy
  • Gyraulus deformis Hartmann, 1844: synonym of Gyraulus acronicus (Férussac, 1807)
  • † Gyraulus trochiformis applanatus (Thomä, 1845): synonym of † (Thomä, 1845)
  • † Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis applanatus var. ludovici (Noulet, 1854): synonym of † (Noulet, 1854)
  • † Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis kleini var. aequeumbilicatus (Hilgendorf, 1867): synonym of † (Gottschick & Wenz, 1916)
  • † Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis kleini var. subinvolutus Gottschick, 1920: synonym of † (Gottschick & Wenz, 1916)
  • † Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis kleini var. subkleini Gottschick, 1920: synonym of † (Gottschick & Wenz, 1916)
  • † Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis steinheimensis var. parvus (Hilgendorf, 1867): synonym of † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis subhemistoma var. teres (Hilgendorf, 1867): synonym of † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis subhemistoma var. triquetrus (Hilgendorf, 1867): synonym of † (Hilgendorf, 1867)
  • † Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis trochiformis var. elegans (Hilgendorf, 1867): synonym of † (Stahl, 1824)
  • † Gyraulus (Gyraulus) trochiformis trochiformis var. turbiniformis (von Zieten, 1832): synonym of † (Stahl, 1824)

References[]

  1. ^ Charpentier J. de (1837). "Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de la Suisse. Formant la seconde partie de la faune Helvétique". 1(2): 1-28, Tab. I-II [= 1-2]. Neuchatel. page 21.
  2. ^ Ivanov M., Hrdličková, S. & Gregorová, R. (2001) Encyklopedie zkamenělin. – Rebo Productions, Dobřejovice, 1. vydání, 312 pp., page 126. (in Czech)
  3. ^ Pan, H. and Zhu, X. (2007). "Early Cretaceous non-marine gastropods from the Xiazhuang Formation in North China." Cretaceous Research, 28(2): 215-224. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2006.12.001
  4. ^ Hartmann W. (1840). Erd- u. Süssw. Gast. (1), "Syst. Ueber."; 1842, (5, 6), 172.
  5. ^ "Armiger". Fauna Europaea, last update 27 January 2011, accessed 1 May 2011.
  6. ^ Polinski (1929). Glasnik srps. Kralj. Akad. Belgrade 65, 134, 161, 163.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Gyraulus". Fauna Europaea, last update 27 January 2011, accessed 1 May 2011.
  8. ^ Starobogatov (1967). Trudy zool. Inst. Leningr. 42: 296.
  9. ^ Mousson A. (1873) [September 1872]. N. Denkschr. schweiz. Ges. 25: 15.
  10. ^ "Nautilinus". Fauna Europaea, last update 27 January 2011, accessed 1 May 2011.
  11. ^ Dall (1905). Harriman Alaska Exp. 13: 83, 86.
  12. ^ a b "Torquis". Fauna Europaea, last update 27 January 2011, accessed 1 May 2011.
  13. ^ (in German) Glöer P. & Bössneck U. (2007). "Zur Identität von Gyraulus piscinarum (Bourguignat, 1852) mit der Beschreibung von G. bekaensis n. sp. (Gastropoda: Planorbidae)". Mollusca 25(2): 139-146. PDF
  14. ^ ncbi: Gyraulus convexiusculus
  15. ^ Appleton C., Ghamizi M., Jørgensen A., Kristensen T. K., Lange C., Stensgaard A-S. & Van Damme D. (2009). Gyraulus costulatus. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 March 2011
  16. ^ a b c d e "Carinogyraulus". Fauna Europaea, last update 27 January 2011, accessed 1 May 2011.
  17. ^ Vinarski M.V., Glöer P. & Palatov D.M. (2013) Gyraulus elenae sp. n. — a new planorbid snail from eastern Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Planorbidae). Zootaxa 3664(1): 095–098
  18. ^ Brown D. S. (1996). Gyraulus mauritianus. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 7 August 2007.
  19. ^ a b "Lamorbis". Fauna Europaea, last update 27 January 2011, accessed 1 May 2011.

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