Hämeenlinna
Hämeenlinna
Tavastehus | |
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City | |
Hämeenlinnan kaupunki Tavastehus stad | |
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Coordinates: 60°59′40″N 24°28′00″E / 60.99444°N 24.46667°ECoordinates: 60°59′40″N 24°28′00″E / 60.99444°N 24.46667°E | |
Country | Finland |
Region | Kanta-Häme |
Sub-region | Hämeenlinna sub-region |
Charter | 1639 |
Government | |
• City manager | Timo Kenakkala |
Area (2018-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 2,031.53 km2 (784.38 sq mi) |
• Land | 1,785.76 km2 (689.49 sq mi) |
• Water | 245.79 km2 (94.90 sq mi) |
Area rank | 34th largest in Finland |
Population (2021-03-31)[2] | |
• Total | 67,864 |
• Rank | 14th largest in Finland |
• Density | 38/km2 (100/sq mi) |
Population by native language | |
• Finnish | 97.5% (official) |
• Swedish | 0.3% |
• Others | 2.2% |
Population by age | |
• 0 to 14 | 14.5% |
• 15 to 64 | 59.3% |
• 65 or older | 26.2% |
Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
Municipal tax rate[5] | 21% |
Website | www.hameenlinna.fi |
Hämeenlinna (Finnish: [ˈhæmeːnˌlinːɑ]; Swedish: Tavastehus; Karelian: Hämienlinna; Latin: Tavastum or Croneburgum[6]) is a city and municipality of about 68,000 inhabitants[2] in the heart of the historical province of Tavastia and the modern province of Kanta-Häme in the south of Finland. Hämeenlinna is the oldest inland city of Finland and was one of the most important Finnish cities until the 19th century. It still remains an important regional center. The medieval Häme Castle (also Tavastia Castle; Finnish: Hämeen linna) is located in the city.
Hämeenlinna is known as the birthplace of Finnish national composer Jean Sibelius. Today, it belongs to the region of Tavastia Proper (Kanta-Häme), and before 2010 it was the residence city for the Governor of the province of Southern Finland. Nearby cities include the capital Helsinki (98 km or 61 mi), Tampere (73 km or 45 mi) and Lahti (72 km or 45 mi), the regional center of Päijänne Tavastia (Päijät-Häme).
The current neighboring municipalities of Hämeenlinna are Akaa, Asikkala, Hattula, Hausjärvi, Hollola, Janakkala, Loppi, Padasjoki, Pälkäne, Tammela, Urjala and Valkeakoski. The former municipalities, Hauho, Kalvola, Lammi, Renko and Tuulos, were consolidated with Hämeenlinna on 1 January 2009;[7] with these municipal associations, the Hattula municipality is almost completely surrounded by Hämeenlinna.
Geography[]
There are a total of 339 lakes in whole or in part in the area of the city of Hämeenlinna. The largest of them are Lake Vanajavesi, Lake Kukkia and Lake Kuohijärvi.[8] The main features of the Hämeenlinna landscape are the Häme Lake Plateau, the Vanajavesi Valley and the Kanta-Häme Grove Center. In many places, the landscapes are marked by the prosperous Tavastian agricultural culture.[9][10]
History[]
This section does not cite any sources. (July 2020) |
There was a settlement called Vanaja by the Lake Vanajavesi where the city now stands since the Viking Age. The castle was built in the late 13th century to secure Swedish power in central Finland. A village was established near Häme Castle to provide services and goods to its inhabitants.
The village was granted city rights on January 19, 1639[11] and soon after that the King of Sweden moved it one kilometre (0.6 miles) south to the hill on which it still stands. The city is known for its schools and academies where many famous Finns have studied. Schools, government and the military have characterised the life of Hämeenlinna throughout history. Finland's first railway line, the (Finnish: Suomen päärata, Swedish: Finlands stambanan), opened between Hämeenlinna and Helsinki in 1862.[12] The current Hämeenlinna railway station (Rautatieasema in Finnish) was built in 1921.
Demographics[]
People with a foreign background | |
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Country of origin | Population (2017) |
Estonia | 485 (0.72%) |
Russia | 484 (0.72%) |
Iraq | 352 (0.53%) |
Poland | 278 (0.41%) |
Afghanistan | 218 (0.33%) |
Somalia | 208 (0.31%) |
Sweden | 206 (0.31%) |
Thailand | 141 (0.21%) |
Turkey | 130 (0.19%) |
DR Congo | 106 (0.16%) |
Notable natives or residents[]
- Jouko Ahola (strongman/actor)
- Antony Hämäläinen (vocalist)
- Eino Leino (poet)
- Antti Miettinen (NHL player); won a bronze medal with Finland in the 2010 Vancouver Olympics
- Victorine Nordenswan (painter)
- J. K. Paasikivi (7th President of Finland)
- Kimi Räikkönen (Formula One driver) and Jenni Dahlman (married in 2004 in Hämeenlinna)
- Juuse Saros (NHL goaltender)
- Jean Sibelius (composer)
- Turisas (metal band)
Economy[]
The economic structure of Hämeenlinna is close to the national average. In 2015, there were 28,270 jobs in the city. Of these, 75% were in the service sector, 3% in primary production (agriculture, forestry and fisheries) and 21% in processing. The share of the unemployed was 13,6%.[13]
Largest employers (by number of employees) [14][]
- City of Hämeenlinna: 2,490
- State of Finland: 2,480
- Kanta-Häme Hospital District: 1,460
- Ruukki (Rautaruukki Oyj): 1,030
- Huhtamäki Oyj: 700
- HAMK University of Applied Sciences (an institution offering tertiary degree education): 510
- Kansanterveystyön ky: 490
- Patria Vehicles Oy: 430
- Konecranes Standard Lifting Oy: 330
- Koulutuskeskus Tavastia: 270
- Aina Group Oyj: 250
- Lindström Oy: 175
Culture[]
Food[]
In the 1980s, the following dishes were named Hämeenlinna's traditional cuisine: as a daily meal, smoked ham and sourdough; as a festive meal, the herring wrapped in rye dough, i.e. "fish bread", buttermilk and beer, and the riistansylttääjän lintupaisti, which means pheasant stuffed almonds with potato and apple slices.[15]
Sport[]
This section does not cite any sources. (July 2020) |
- Elite level ice hockey teams HPK of the Liiga and HPK Kiekkonaiset of the Naisten Liiga
- Football teams FC Hämeenlinna and the men's representative team of Hämeenlinnan Härmä, which play in the third-tier Kakkonen, and the women's representative team of Hämeenlinnan Härmä of the second-tier Naisten Ykkönen
- The city hosted the modern pentathlon competition for the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki.
- Hämeenlinna hosted the first round of the Underwater Rugby Euroleague in October 2012 and again in 2015.
- The Ahvenisto Race Circuit, opened in 1967, hosts many motorsport happenings. Track has Fia Grade 4 license.
Transport[]
Distances to other places[]
Cities[]
- Turku – 141 kilometres (88 mi)
- Helsinki – 100 kilometres (62 mi)
- Tampere – 75 kilometres (47 mi)
- Lahti – 74 kilometres (46 mi)
- Hyvinkää – 49 kilometres (30 mi)
Former municipal centers[]
International relations[]
Twin towns – Sister cities[]
Hämeenlinna is twinned with:[16]
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Coat of arms at sister city Celle (Germany), granite artwork below signpost
See also[]
- Finnish national road 3
- Hämeen Sanomat
- Parola (Hattula)
- Tavastia Castle
- Lake Vanajavesi
References[]
- ^ "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF). National Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Preliminary population structure by area, 2021M01*-2021M03*". StatFin (in Finnish). Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ "Population according to language and the number of foreigners and land area km2 by area as of 31 December 2008". Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- ^ "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003-2020". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ "List of municipal and parish tax rates in 2021" (PDF). Tax Administration of Finland. 1 December 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
- ^ J. G. Th. Graesse: Orbis Latinus (Dresdae: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. Brunsvici, 1972, 3 voll.) (in Latin)
- ^ "Valtioneuvoston päätös Hauhon kunnan, Kalvolan kunnan, Lammin kunnan, Rengon kunnan ja Tuuloksen kunnan liittämisestä Hämeenlinnan kaupunkiin sekä eräiden alueiden siirtämisestä Hattulan kunnasta Hämeenlinnan kaupunkiin" (in Finnish). Finlex. 3 July 2008. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
- ^ "Hämeenlinna". Järviwiki (in Finnish). Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ Jutila, Heli; Harju, Hannu (2005). "Kalvolan luonto-opas" (PDF). Hämeenlinnan seudun kansanterveystyön kuntayhtymän ympäristöosasto, NAPA-projekti (in Finnish). Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ Jutila, Heli; Harju, Hannu (2004). "Rengon luonto-opas" (PDF). Hämeenlinnan seudun kansanterveystyön kuntayhtymän ympäristöosasto, NAPA-projekti (in Finnish). Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ HÄMEENLINNA - TAVASTEHUS Kaupunkiarkeologinen inventointi (in Finnish)
- ^ "Ensimmäinen Juna Hämeenlinnaan". Hämäläinen (in Finnish). 31 January 1862. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
- ^ "Kuntien avainluvut". Tilastokeskus (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 May 2021.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 10 December 2006. Retrieved 13 November 2006.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link), Taskutietoa Hämeenlinnasta, a factbook published by the city of Hämeenlinna (PDF download, in Finnish)
- ^ Kolmonen, Jaakko 1988. Kotomaamme ruoka-aitta: Suomen, Karjalan ja Petsamon pitäjäruoat, s. 67. Helsinki: Patakolmonen Ky. (in Finnish)
- ^ "Ystävyyskaupungit" (in Finnish). City of Hämeenlinna. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
External links[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hämeenlinna. |
- Hämeenlinna travel guide from Wikivoyage
- 1952 Summer Olympics official report (pp. 60–62)
- City of Hämeenlinna – Official site
- Häme Castle
- Hämeenlinna
- Venues of the 1952 Summer Olympics
- Olympic modern pentathlon venues
- Cities and towns in Finland
- Municipalities of Kanta-Häme
- Grand Duchy of Finland
- Populated places established in 1639
- 1639 establishments in Sweden