HMS A3
![]() HMS A3
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History | |
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Name | HMS A3 |
Builder | Vickers, Sons & Maxim Ltd. Barrow-in-Furness, England |
Laid down | 6 November 1902 |
Launched | 9 March 1903 |
Commissioned | 13 July 1904 |
Fate | Sunk, 12 May 1912 |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | A-class submarine |
Displacement |
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Length | 105 ft (32.0 m) |
Beam | 12 ft 9 in (3.9 m) |
Draught | 10 ft 8 in (3.3 m) |
Installed power |
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Propulsion |
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Speed |
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Range | 320 nautical miles (590 km; 370 mi) at 10 kn (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced |
Complement | 2 officers and 9 ratings |
Armament | 2 × 18-inch (45 cm) torpedo tubes |
HMS A3 was an A-class submarine built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. She sank in 1912. The wreck is a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England.
Design and description[]
A3 was a member of the first British class of submarines, although slightly larger, faster and more heavily armed than the lead ship, HMS A1. The submarine had a length of 105 feet 1 inch (32.0 m) overall, a beam of 12 feet 9 inches (3.9 m) and a mean draft of 10 feet 8 inches (3.3 m). They displaced 190 long tons (190 t) on the surface and 206 long tons (209 t) submerged. The A-class submarines had a crew of 2 officers and 11 ratings.[1]
For surface running, the boats were powered by a single 16-cylinder 450-brake-horsepower (336 kW) Wolseley petrol engine that drove one propeller shaft. When submerged the propeller was driven by a 150-horsepower (112 kW) electric motor. They could reach 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) on the surface and 7 knots (13 km/h; 8.1 mph) underwater. On the surface, A3 had a range of 320 nautical miles (590 km; 370 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph);[1] the boat had a range of 30 nautical miles (56 km; 35 mi) at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) submerged.[2][3]
The boats were armed with two 18-inch (45 cm) torpedo tubes in the bow. They could carry a pair of reload torpedoes, but generally did not as doing so that they had to compensate for their weight by an equivalent weight of fuel.
Construction and career[]
A3 was built at Vickers, Barrow-in-Furness and was commissioned on 13 July 1904. She primarily served as a coastal defense and training submarine in her over seven years of service. On 2 February 1912, A3, along with several other submarines dispatched from the port of Gosport, conducted training exercises on target ships in the Solent.[4] Whilst attacking the depot ship HMS Hazard, A3 accidentally collided with its target. Its rudder and propeller were both disabled, and the submarine sank with all hands lost.[4] The submarine was raised in March and was sunk as a gunnery target by shells from HMS St. Vincent on 15 May 1912.[5] In July 2016 the wreck of A3 was officially designated as a protected site.[6]
Notes[]
- ^ a b Gardiner & Gray 1985, p. 86.
- ^ Akermann 2002, p. 120.
- ^ Harrison, chapter 27
- ^ a b McCartney 2002, p. 77.
- ^ McCartney 2002, p. 78.
- ^ "British A3 submarine sunk off Jurassic Coast in 1912 gets protected status". Dorset Echo. Newsquest Media. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
References[]
- Akermann, Paul (2002). Encyclopaedia of British Submarines 1901–1955 (reprint of the 1989 ed.). Penzance, Cornwall: Periscope Publishing. ISBN 1-904381-05-7.
- Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
- Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships: 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
- Harrison, A. N. (January 1979). "The Development of HM Submarines From Holland No. 1 (1901) to Porpoise (1930) (BR3043)". Submariners Association: Barrow in Furness Branch. Archived from the original on 19 May 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2015.
- McCartney, Innes (2002). Lost Patrols: Submarine Wrecks of the English Channel. Periscope Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1-904381-04-9.
- Gray, Edwyn (2003). Disasters of the Deep A Comprehensive Survey of Submarine Accidents & Disasters. Leo Cooper. ISBN 0-85052-987-5.
External links[]
- MaritimeQuest HMS A3 Pages
- 'Submarine losses 1904 to present day' - Royal Navy Submarine Museum
- "HMS A3" National Heritage List for England
Coordinates: 50°31.41′N 2°11.25′W / 50.52350°N 2.18750°W
- A-class submarines (1903)
- British submarine accidents
- Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness
- 1903 ships
- Royal Navy ship names
- Maritime incidents in 1912
- Ships sunk in collisions
- Ships lost with all hands
- Ships sunk as targets
- Lost submarines of the United Kingdom
- Shipwrecks in the English Channel
- Wreck diving sites in the United Kingdom