Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPFgene.[5][6]
This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins that complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and regulate alternative splicing, polyadenylation, and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport.
While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has three repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs which have guanosine-rich sequences. This protein is very similar to the family member hnRPH. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified.[6]
McDonald H, Smailus D, Jenkins H, et al. (1992). "Identification and characterization of a gene at D10S94 in the MEN2A region". Genomics. 13 (2): 344–8. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90251-M. PMID1351868.
Zhang Y, Lindblom T, Chang A, et al. (2001). "Evidence that dim1 associates with proteins involved in pre-mRNA splicing, and delineation of residues essential for dim1 interactions with hnRNP F and Npw38/PQBP-1". Gene. 257 (1): 33–43. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00372-3. PMID11054566.
Honoré B, Baandrup U, Vorum H (2004). "Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins F and H/H' show differential expression in normal and selected cancer tissues". Exp. Cell Res. 294 (1): 199–209. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2003.11.011. PMID14980514.
Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, et al. (2005). "Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells". Nat. Biotechnol. 23 (1): 94–101. doi:10.1038/nbt1046. PMID15592455. S2CID7200157.
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PDB gallery
2db1: Solution structure of the RNA binding domain in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F homolog
2hgl: NMR structure of the first qRRM domain of human hnRNP F
2hgn: NMR structure of the third qRRM domain of human hnRNP F
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