In molecular biology, Highly Up-regulated in Liver Cancer (non-protein coding), also known as HULC, is a long non-coding RNA. It was first identified in hepatocellular carcinoma, and is also expressed in colorectal carcinomas that metastasise to the liver.[2][3] It may have a role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.[2] It downregulates the expression of several microRNAs, including .[4] Expression of HULC is upregulated by CREB, there is a CREB-binding site in the promoter of HULC. miR-372 represses translation of the kinasePRKACB, so downregulation of miR-372 leads to increased levels of PRKACB. PRKACB activates CREB by phosphorylation, therefore leading to increased expression of HULC.[4]
See also[]
Long noncoding RNA
References[]
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ abPanzitt K, Tschernatsch MM, Guelly C, Moustafa T, Stradner M, Strohmaier HM, Buck CR, Denk H, Schroeder R, Trauner M, Zatloukal K (Jan 2007). "Characterization of HULC, a novel gene with striking up-regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma, as noncoding RNA". Gastroenterology. 132 (1): 330–342. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2006.08.026. PMID17241883.
^Matouk IJ, Abbasi I, Hochberg A, Galun E, Dweik H, Akkawi M (Jun 2009). "Highly upregulated in liver cancer noncoding RNA is overexpressed in hepatic colorectal metastasis". European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 21 (6): 688–692. doi:10.1097/meg.0b013e328306a3a2. PMID19445043. S2CID39245106.
Li D, Song YM, Zhan QM (Nov 2010). "[Specifically up-regulated non-coding RNA gene HULC in tumor cell lines and its effects on the expression of neighboring gene SLC35B3]". Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 90 (44): 3156–3159. PMID21211351.