Hamacantha

Hamacantha
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Porifera
Class:	Demospongiae
Order:	Merliida
Family:	Hamacanthidae
Genus:	Hamacantha; (Gray, 1867)
Type species
	Hamacantha johnsoni; (Bowerbank, 1864)
Subgenera and species
	See text
Synonyms
	Athnacama de Laubenfels, 1936; Crellancistra de Laubenfels, 1936; Evomerula de Laubenfels, 1936; Hypsispongia de Laubenfels, 1935; Vomerula Schmidt, 1880;

Hamacantha is a genus of sponges in the family Hamacanthidae. This species in this genus differ from those in the other genera in this family through the presence of diancistras, distinctive microscleres. ^[2] These are thought to aid in framing the skeleton by joining monactine megascleres (that is megascleres that grow in only a single direction).^[3] This genus contains 30 species in three subgenera.^[4]

Species[]

The following species are recognised:^[4]

Subgenus Hamacantha (Hamacantha) (Gray, 1867)

(Hajdu & Castello-Branco, 2014)
Santín, (Grinyó Uriz & Gili &, 2021)
(Bowerbank, 1864)
(Topsent, 1904)
(Carter, 1882)
(Burton, 1959)

Subgenus Hamacantha (Vomerula) Schmidt, 1880

(Lévi, 1993)
(Topsent, 1920)
(Lévi, 1993)
(Topsent, 1904)
(Lundbeck, 1902)
(Topsent, 1904)
(Lehnert & Stone, 2016)
Hamacantha (Vomerula) esperioides (Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
(Bowerbank, 1874)
(Lévi, 1993)
(Topsent, 1904), Fibrous sponge
(Castello-Branco & Hajdu, 2018)
(Castello-Branco & Hajdu, 2018)
(Ise, Woo, Tan & Fujita, 2019)
(Pulitzer-Finali, 1978)
(Lopes & Hajdu, 2004)
(Wilson, 1925)
(Vosmaer, 1885)
(de Laubenfels, 1935)
(Schmidt, 1880)
(Schmidt, 1880)
(Ise, Woo, Tan & Fujita, 2019)

Subgenus Hamacantha (Zygherpe) (Laubenfels, 1932)

(Hajdu, Hooker & Willenz, 2015)
(Laubenfels, 1932)

References[]

^ "Hamacantha". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
^ Uriz, María Jesús (1988). Deep-water sponges from the continental shelf and slope of Namibia (south-west Africa). Classes Hexactinellida and Demospongiae (PDF). CSIC-Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (ICM).
^ Uriz, Maria J.; Turon, Xavier; Becerro, Mikel A. (2003), Müller, Werner E. G. (ed.), "Silica Deposition in Demosponges", Silicon Biomineralization: Biology — Biochemistry — Molecular Biology — Biotechnology, Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 163–193, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-55486-5_7, ISBN 978-3-642-55486-5, retrieved 2021-07-22
^ ^a ^b "Hamacantha". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 July 2021.

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[1] "Hamacantha". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 21 July 2021.

[2] Uriz, María Jesús (1988). Deep-water sponges from the continental shelf and slope of Namibia (south-west Africa). Classes Hexactinellida and Demospongiae (PDF). CSIC-Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (ICM).

[3] Uriz, Maria J.; Turon, Xavier; Becerro, Mikel A. (2003), Müller, Werner E. G. (ed.), "Silica Deposition in Demosponges", Silicon Biomineralization: Biology — Biochemistry — Molecular Biology — Biotechnology, Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 163–193, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-55486-5_7, ISBN 978-3-642-55486-5, retrieved 2021-07-22

[:0-4] "Hamacantha". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 July 2021.

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