Hamburg Hauptbahnhof

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Hamburg Hauptbahnhof
Deutsche Bahn SS-Bahn-Logo.svg UU-Bahn.svg
Hbf
2013-06-08 Highflyer HP L4733.JPG
Aerial view of Hamburg Hauptbahnhof
LocationHachmannplatz 16, 20099 Hamburg
Germany
Coordinates53°33′10″N 10°00′23″E / 53.55278°N 10.00639°E / 53.55278; 10.00639Coordinates: 53°33′10″N 10°00′23″E / 53.55278°N 10.00639°E / 53.55278; 10.00639
Line(s)
Platforms
Other information
Station code2514
DS100 codeAH
IBNR8002549
Category1[1]
IATA: ZMB[2]
Fare zoneHVV: A/000[3]
Websitewww.bahnhof.de
History
Opened1906
ElectrifiedS-Bahn-Logo.svg 29 January 1908; 113 years ago (1908-01-29), 6.3 kV AC system (overhead; turned off in 1955)[4]
S-Bahn-Logo.svg 10 April 1941; 80 years ago (1941-04-10), 1.2 kV DC system (3rd rail)[4]
Deutsche Bahn AG-Logo.svg 6 April 1965; 56 years ago (1965-04-06), 15 kV AC system (overhead)[4]
Passengers
480,000 (daily)[5]
Services
Preceding station   DB Fernverkehr   Following station
towards Hamburg-Altona
ICE 11
via Stuttgart - Frankfurt - Erfurt - Leipzig - Berlin
Hannover
towards Munich
ICE 18
via Nürnberg - Erfurt - Halle (Saale) - Berlin
towards Munich
ICE 20
Hannover
towards Basel SBB
ICE 22
Hannover
towards Stuttgart
ICE 25
via Hannover - Fulda - Würzburg - Nürnberg
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Munich
ICE 26
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Karlsruhe
ICE 28
via Nürnberg - Erfurt - Leipzig - Berlin
Ludwigslust
towards Munich
ICE 31
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Frankfurt
ICE 91
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Vienna
towards Westerland (Sylt)
IC/EC 27
towards Budapest
towards Hamburg-Altona
IC/EC 30
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Stuttgart
IC/EC 31
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Frankfurt
towards Copenhagen Central
IC/EC 75Terminus
towards Aarhus Central
IC/EC 76Terminus
Preceding station FlixTrain Logo 2020.svg Following station
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Köln Hbf
FLX 20 Terminus
Preceding station DB Regio Nordost Following station
Terminus Hamburg-Bergedorf
towards Rostock Hbf
Preceding station Metronom Following station
Terminus
RE 3
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Hannover Hbf
RE 4
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Bremen Hbf
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Lüneburg
Hamburg-Harburg
towards Bremen Hbf
Preceding station Following station
Terminus Hamburg-Harburg
towards Cuxhaven
Preceding station DB Regio Nord Following station
Hamburg Dammtor
towards Flensburg or Kiel Hbf
RE 7
Terminus
Terminus Bad Oldesloe
towards Hannover Hbf
Hamburg Dammtor
towards Kiel Hbf
RE 70
Terminus
Terminus
RE 80
towards Lübeck Hbf
RB 81
Hamburg Hasselbrook
towards Bad Oldesloe
Preceding station nordbahn Following station
Hamburg Dammtor
towards Itzehoe
Terminus
Preceding station Hamburg S-Bahn Following station
Jungfernstieg
towards Wedel
S1 Berliner Tor
Hamburg Dammtor
towards Blankenese
S11 Berliner Tor
Jungfernstieg
towards Hamburg-Altona
S2 Berliner Tor
towards Bergedorf
Hamburg Dammtor S21 Berliner Tor
towards Aumühle
Jungfernstieg
towards Pinneberg
S3 Hammerbrook
towards Stade
Hamburg Dammtor
towards Hamburg-Altona
S31 Hammerbrook
Preceding station AKN Eisenbahn Following station
Hamburg Dammtor
towards Neumünster
A1
Limited service
Terminus
Location
Hamburg Hauptbanhof is located in Hamburg
Hamburg Hauptbanhof
Hamburg Hauptbanhof
Location in Hamburg

Hamburg Hauptbahnhof (abbrev. Hamburg Hbf) is the main railway station of the city of Hamburg, Germany. Opened in 1906 to replace 4 separate terminal stations, today Hamburg Hauptbahnhof is operated by DB Station&Service AG. With an average of 550,000 passengers a day, it is Germany's busiest railway station and the second-busiest in Europe after the Gare du Nord in Paris.[6] It is classed by Deutsche Bahn as a category 1 railway station.[1]

The station is a through station with island platforms and is one of Germany's major transportation hubs, connecting long-distance Intercity Express routes to the city's U-Bahn and S-Bahn rapid transit networks. It is centrally located in Hamburg in the Hamburg-Mitte borough. The Wandelhalle shopping centre occupies the north side of the station building.

History[]

Former Stations of Hamburg and new Central station
1870s: passenger train on the communication line to Venloer Bahnhof in the street in front of Berliner Bahnhof

Before today's central station was opened, Hamburg had several smaller stations located around the city centre. The first railway line (between Hamburg and Bergedorf) was opened on 5 May 1842, coincidentally the same day that the "great fire" (der große Brand) ruined most of the historic city centre. The stations were as follows (each of them only a few hundred metres away from the others):

  • Berliner Bahnhof (1846), on the site of today's Deichtorhallen, on the right bank of the Elbe river; terminus of the line to Berlin
  • Lübecker Bahnhof (1865), terminus of the line to Lübeck
  • Klosterthor Bahnhof (1866), eastern terminus of the Hamburg-Altona link line
  • Venloer Bahnhof (1872), since 1892 named "Hannoverscher Bahnhof", on the line across the river Elbe. (The line splits in Harburg into the lines to Venlo and to Hanover).

Temporary railway lines connecting the stations were built partly on squares and streets. When it was decided to build a common station for all lines, a competition was arranged in 1900. Built between 1902-1906, the Hamburg Hauptbahnhof was designed by the architects and , modeled after the Galerie des machines of the World's Fair of 1889 in Paris, by Louis Béroud.[7] The German emperor William II declared the first draft to be "simply horrible",[citation needed] but the second draft was eventually constructed. The emperor personally changed the Art Nouveau style elements to Neo-Renaissance, giving the station a fortification-like character.[8] The station was opened for visitors on 4 December 1906, the first train arrived the next day, and scheduled trains started on 6 December 1906.[7]

On 9 November 1941, during the Second World War, the station was badly damaged by Allied bombing. Several areas needed to be rebuilt completely, including the baggage check and the eastern ticket counters. One of the clock towers was destroyed in 1943.[7]

Between 1985 and 1991 the station was renovated.[7]

In 2021, the City of Hamburg announced a competition to design an expansion of the station as well as the redevelopment of the surrounding area.[9]

Facilities[]

Station hall of Hamburg Hauptbahnhof
Station hall of Hamburg Hauptbahnhof

Hamburg Hauptbahnhof is 206 m (676 ft) long, 135 m (443 ft) wide, and 37 m (121 ft) high. It has 8,200-square-metre (88,000 sq ft) rentable area and 27,810 m2 (299,300 sq ft) in total. The clock towers are 45 m (148 ft), and the clocks have a diameter of 2.2 m (7 ft 3 in). The track shed is constructed of iron and glass and spans the main line platforms and two S-Bahn tracks. The platforms are reached from two bridges at street level, one at each end of the track shed; from the northern bridge by stairs and by lifts, and from the southern bridge by escalators. Two other S-Bahn tracks and the subway tracks are in a connected tunnel system.

The Wandelhalle (Promenade Hall) is a small shopping centre with extended opening hours. It was built in 1991 during the renewal of the beam construction. It is located on the northern bridge and includes restaurants, flower shops, kiosks, a pharmacy, service centres and more. The upper floor also has a gallery surrounding the hall.[7]

Since 2008, in an effort to disperse drug dealers and users from the area, Deutsche Bahn has been playing classical music (e.g. Vivaldi's Four Seasons). According to the German newspaper Hamburger Abendblatt this is a success.[10]

Since 2009 the station has switched all its toilets to water-saving 3.5-litre toilets. In 2012 they started producing Terra Preta in the basement by filtering the excrement and mixing it with charcoal and microbes. The fluids are cleaned and nutrients are extracted. Even pharmaceuticals can be filtered out.[11]

Train services[]

The following lines connect to the station:

In 2008, 720 regional and long distance trains, and 982 S-Bahn trains served the station per day. There were 6 platforms for the main lines.

The station is served by the following services:[12]

Long distance trains[]

Hamburg Hauptbahnhof is one of the largest stations in northern Germany and connects Denmark with central Europe. There are permanent InterCityExpress lines to Berlin, Frankfurt (Main), continuing to Stuttgart and Munich, and Bremen, continuing to the Ruhr Area and Cologne. To the north ICE trains connect Hamburg with Aarhus and Copenhagen in Denmark and Kiel in Schleswig-Holstein.[13] There are also several InterCity- and EuroCity- passenger train connections.[14] The station is a hub for international travel, and most passengers to or from Scandinavia must change in Hamburg.

Line Route Interval Operator
ICE 11 Hamburg-Altona – Hamburg – Berlin – Leipzig – Erfurt – Frankfurt – Stuttgart – Munich Individual services DB Fernverkehr
ICE 11 Hamburg – Hannover – Frankfurt – Stuttgart – Frankfurt – Munich Individual services at night DB Fernverkehr
ICE 18 Hamburg-Altona – Hamburg – Berlin – Halle – Erfurt – Nuremberg – Ingolstadt/Augsburg – Munich Every two hours DB Fernverkehr
ICE 20 (Kiel –) Hamburg – Hannover – Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe – Frankfurt – Mannheim – Karlsruhe – Freiburg – Basel - Zürich (-  Chur) Every two hours DB Fernverkehr
ICE 22 (Kiel –) Hamburg – Hannover – Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe – Frankfurt – Frankfurt Airport – Mannheim – (Heidelberg –) Stuttgart Every two hours DB Fernverkehr
ICE 25 (Lübeck –) Hamburg – Hannover – Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe – Fulda – Würzburg – Nuremberg – Ingolstadt – Munich (– Garmisch-Partenkirchen) Hourly DB Fernverkehr
ICE 26 (Binz –) Stralsund – Rostock – Schwerin – Hamburg – Hannover – Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe – Gießen – Frankfurt – Heidelberg – Karlsruhe Every two hours DB Fernverkehr
EC 27 (Westerland –) Hamburg – Berlin – Dresden – Prague – Brno — Budapest Two train pairs ÖBB/DB
ICE 28 Hamburg – Berlin – Leipzig – Erfurt – Nuremberg – Munich Hourly DB Fernverkehr
EC 30 Hamburg-Altona - Hamburg - Bremen - Osnabrück - Münster - Dortmund - Bochum - Essen - Duisburg - Düsseldorf -Cologne - Bonn - Koblenz - Mainz - Mannheim - Karlsruhe - Baden-Baden - Freiburg - Basel - Zürich - / Interlaken Ost 4 train pairs DB Fernverkehr/SBB
IC 30 Hamburg-Altona - Hamburg – Bremen – Osnabrück – Münster – Dortmund – Duisburg – Düsseldorf – Cologne – Bonn – Koblenz – Mainz – Mannheim – Stuttgart (or Karlsruhe – Freiburg – Basel – Zürich – Chur) Every two hours DB Fernverkehr
ICE 30 Hamburg-Altona - Hamburg - Bremen - Diepholz - Osnabrück - Münster - Dortmund - Bochum - Essen - Duisburg - Düsseldorf - Cologne One train DB Fernverkehr
ICE 31 Hamburg-Altona – Hamburg – Bremen – Osnabrück – Münster – Dortmund – Hagen – Wuppertal – Solingen – CologneBonn – Koblenz – Mainz – Frankfurt Airport – Frankfurt Individual services DB Fernverkehr
IC 31 (Kiel –) Hamburg – Bremen – Osnabrück – Münster – Dortmund – Wuppertal – Cologne – Bonn – Koblenz – Mainz – Frankfurt (– Würzburg – Nürnberg – Regensburg – Straubing – Passau) Every two hours DB Fernverkehr
ICE 42 Hamburg-Altona - Hamburg - Bremen - Münster - Dortmund - Cologne - /Köln Messe/Deutz - Stuttgart - Munich - One train pair DB Fernverkehr
IC/EC 75 Hamburg – Lübeck – Puttgarden – Copenhagen Individual services DB Fernverkehr
IC 76 Aarhus – Flensburg – Neumünster – Hamburg Individual services DB Fernverkehr
ICE 91 Hamburg-Altona  – HamburgHannover – Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe – Fulda – Würzburg – Nürnberg – Regensburg – Plattling – Passau – Linz – St. Pölten Vienna One train pair DB Fernverkehr
FLX 20 Hamburg – Hamburg-Harburg – Osnabrück – Münster – Gelsenkirchen – Essen - Duisburg – Düsseldorf – Cologne 1–3 train pairs

Regional trains[]

There are numerous RegionalExpress and RegionalBahn services to Schleswig-Holstein, Lower Saxony, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Bremen.

Line Route
RE 1 Hamburg Hbf – Schwerin – Rostock
RE 3 Hamburg Hbf – Lüneburg – Uelzen
RE 4 Bremen – Rotenburg – Buchholz – Hamburg Hbf
RE 5 Cuxhaven – Stade – Buxtehude – Hamburg Hbf
RE 7 Hamburg Hbf – Neumünster – Flensburg
RE 8 Hamburg Hbf – Bad Oldesloe – Lübeck – Travemünde
RE 70 Hamburg Hbf – Pinneberg – Neumünster – Kiel
RE 80 Hamburg Hbf – Ahrensburg – Lübeck
RB 31 Hamburg Hbf – Lüneburg – Uelzen
RB 41 Bremen – Rotenburg – Buchholz – Hamburg Hbf
RB 61 Hamburg Hbf – Pinneberg – Glückstadt – Itzehoe
RB 81 Hamburg Hbf – Ahrensburg – Bad Oldesloe
IRE Hamburg Hbf – Lüneburg – Berlin

Rapid transit[]

Hauptbahnhof Süd
UU-Bahn.svg
Hamburg- U-Bahn-Station Hauptbahnhof Süd- auf Bahnsteig Richtung Mümmelmannsberg 8.4.2009.jpg
LocationHamburg, Germany
Operated byHamburger Hochbahn AG
Line(s)U 1 U 3
Platforms2 island platforms
Tracks4
Construction
Disabled accessYes
Other information
Fare zoneHVV: A/000[15]
History
Opened15 February 1912; 109 years ago (1912-02-15)
Previous names1912-1968 Hauptbahnhof
Services
Preceding station Hamburg U-Bahn Following station
Steinstraße U1 Lohmühlenstraße
Mönckebergstraße
towards Barmbek
U3 Berliner Tor
Hauptbahnhof Nord
UU-Bahn.svg
Hamburg U-Bahn Hauptbahnhof Nord.JPG
LocationHamburg, Germany
Operated byHamburger Hochbahn AG
Line(s)U 2 U 4
Platforms2 island platforms
Tracks2
Construction
Disabled accessYes
Other information
Fare zoneHVV: A/000[16]
History
Opened29 September 1968; 52 years ago (1968-09-29)
Services
Preceding station Hamburg U-Bahn Following station
Jungfernstieg U2 Berliner Tor
Jungfernstieg
towards Elbbrücken
U4 Berliner Tor
towards Billstedt

Beside the inter-urban rail services, the Hauptbahnhof is also the central intersection for two of the three rapid transport systems in the city: the Hamburg S-Bahn (suburban railway) and the Hamburg U-Bahn (underground network).[17]

The S-Bahn platforms are located inside the station itself (platforms 3 and 4, going eastwards to Barmbek, Harburg and Bergedorf) and in a separate tunnel, adjacent to the station building (platforms 1 and 2, going westwards to Altona, Wedel and Eidelstedt).

The U-Bahn is split in two stations: Hauptbahnhof Süd (south) and serving the lines U1 and U3. This part of the station had been included in the 1900 planning for the new station (the construction for the subway started in 1906, the "ring" was opened in four stages between February and June 1912. Until 28 September 1968, this station was simply called Hauptbahnhof without any suffix. There were two lines: the original Ring (opened in 1912) and the southeastern branch line (opened on 27 July 1915) leading to Rothenburgsort, the tracks and stations of which have been destroyed in the Operation Gomorra on 28 July 1943 and never been rebuilt.

The station Hauptbahnhof Nord (north), opened on 29 September 1968, serves the lines U2 and U4.

Neighbourhood[]

The station is located on the Wallring in Hamburg's city centre, between the districts Altstadt and St. Georg. Directly nearby are the Deutsches Schauspielhaus theatre in the St. Georg quarter, one of Hamburg's a state theatres, the Kunsthalle, an art gallery, and the Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg,[18] a museum for applied arts. The Hamburg Rathaus is down Mönckebergstraße, centre of a busy shopping district.

See also[]

  • Hamburger Verkehrsverbund Public transport association in Hamburg
  • Hamburger Hochbahn Operator of the Hamburg U-Bahn (Underground)
  • S-Bahn Hamburg Operator of the Hamburg S-Bahn (Suburban Train)

References[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b "Stationspreisliste 2021" [Station price list 2021] (PDF) (in German). DB Station&Service. 16 November 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  2. ^ Airport information for Hamburg Hauptbahnhof at Transport Search website.
  3. ^ "Tarifplan" (PDF). Hamburger Verkehrsverbund. 9 December 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c Cf. „Streckenelektrifizierungen“, on: Königlich preußische Eisenbahndirection zu Altona, retrieved on 19 January 2018.
  5. ^ "Bindeglied zwischen Süd- und Osteuropa (Link to Southern and Eastern Europe)" (in German). Deutsche Bahn. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
  6. ^ Riefenstahl, Jörg (2018-08-06). "Chaos im Hauptbahnhof: SPD kündigt Konsequenzen für HVV an". www.abendblatt.de (in German). Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "100 Jahre Hamburger Hauptbahnhof" (PDF) (in German). DB Station&Service. 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
  8. ^ Todt, Hartwig (2005). "Hauptbahnhof". Hamburg Lexikon (in German) (3 ed.). Ellert&Richter. p. 232. ISBN 3-8319-0179-1.
  9. ^ https://www.hamburg.de/pressearchiv-fhh/14871136/2021-02-01-bvm-erweiterung-hauptbahnhof/
  10. ^ Erlanger, Steven (23 January 2002). "Hamburg Journal; 'Judge Merciless' Thinks All Germany Needs Him". New York Times. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
  11. ^ http://www.abendblatt.de/ratgeber/wissen/article108828425/Humus-vom-Hamburger-Hauptbahnhofs-WC.html
  12. ^ "Elektronisches Kursbuch" [Timetables for Hamburg Hbf station]. Deutsche Bahn (in German).
  13. ^ ICE Netz 2008, DB Netz AG, Zentrale, Frankfurt am Main
  14. ^ IC Netz 2008, DB Netz AG, Zentrale, Frankfurt am Main
  15. ^ "Tarifplan" (PDF). Hamburger Verkehrsverbund. 9 December 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
  16. ^ "Tarifplan" (PDF). Hamburger Verkehrsverbund. 9 December 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
  17. ^ "Network plan" (PDF). HVV. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 January 2009.
  18. ^ "WELCOME TO: MUSEUM FÜR KUNST UND GEWERBE HAMBURG". Archived from the original on 4 September 2009. Retrieved 13 September 2009.

Further reading[]

  • Hoyer, Hermann; Lawrenz, Dierk; Wiesmüller, Benno (2006). Hamburg Hauptbahnhof: 1906–2006 – 100 Jahre Zentrum der Stadt [Hamburg Hauptbahnhof: 1906–2006 – 100 Years Centre of the City] (in German). Freiburg i.B.: EK-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-88255-721-3.

External links[]

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