Hangul consonant and vowel tables

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The following tables of consonants and vowels of the Korean alphabet (jamo) display the basic forms in blue in the first row, and their derivatives in the following rows. They are separated into tables of initials, vowels and finals.

Jamo not shown below romanized according to the Revised Romanization of Hangeul (RR Transliteration), which is a system of transliteration rules between the Korean and Roman alphabets originating from South Korea. However, the tables below are not sufficient for normal transcription of the Korean language per the related Revised Romanization of Korean system, which takes contextual sound changes into account.

Leading consonants (choseong)[]

Basic jamo Hangul ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
Romanized g/k n d r/l m b s -/ng j ch k t p h
Composite jamo Hangul ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ
Romanized gg / kk tt bb / pp ss jj

Medial vowels (jungseong)[]

Basic +i
Basic Hangul ㅏ ㅓ ㅗ ㅜ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅔ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ
Romanized a eo o u eu i ae e oe wi ui
y+ Hangul ㅑ ㅕ ㅛ ㅠ ㅒ ㅖ
Romanized ya yeo yo yu yae ye
w+ Hangul ㅘ ㅝ ㅚ ㅟ ㅙ ㅞ
Romanized wa wo oe wi wae we

Trailing consonants (jongseong)[]

Basic jamo Hangul ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
Romanized g n d r/l m b s ng j ch k t p h
Composite jamo Hangul ㄲ ㄵ ㄺ ㅄ ㅆ
Romanized kk nj lg bs ss
Hangul ㄳ ㄶ ㄻ
Romanized gs nh lm
Hangul ㄼ
Romanized lb
Hangul ㄽ
Romanized ls
Hangul ㄾ
Romanized lt
Hangul ㄿ
Romanized lp
Hangul ㅀ
Romanized lh

Collation[]

Several collation sequences are used to order words. The first sequence is official in South Korea (and is the basic binary order of codepoints in Unicode); sequences of the second type are common in North Korea, differing on the treatment of composite jamo consonants in syllable-leading (choseong) and -trailing (jongseong) position, and on the treatment of composite jamo vowels in syllable-medial (jungseong) position.

South Korean collation
Principle Sort every composite jamo grouped after their leading single jamo
Initial consonants

ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

Vowels

ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ

Final consonants

ㄱ ㄲ ㄳ ㄴ ㄵ ㄶ ㄷ ㄹ ㄺ ㄻ ㄼ ㄽ ㄾ ㄿ ㅀ ㅁ ㅂ ㅄ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

North Korean collation
Principle Initial consonants: All single jamo (except ieung ㅇ) before all doubled jamo; ieung after the doubled jamo
Vowels: All single jamo before all composite jamo; for composite jamo, all digraphs before all trigraphs; for digraphs, the ones ending in ㅣ precede others.
Final consonants: Doubled jamo after single and composite jamo
Initial consonants

ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ㅇ

Vowels

ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅝ ㅙ ㅞ

Final consonants

ㄱ ㄳ ㄴ ㄵ ㄶ ㄷ ㄹ ㄺ ㄻ ㄼ ㄽ ㄾ ㄿ ㅀ ㅁ ㅂ ㅄ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㅆ

Consonant letters' names[]

Variants are given in brackets.

Consonants South Korean names
Hangul Romanized Hangul Romanized
ㄱ g 기역 giyeok
ㄲ kk 쌍기역 ssanggiyeok
ㄴ n 니은 nieun
ㄷ d 디귿 digeut
ㄸ tt 쌍디귿 ssangdigeut
ㄹ r, l 리을 rieul
ㅁ m 미음 mieum
ㅂ b 비읍 bieup
ㅃ pp 쌍비읍 ssangbieup
ㅅ s 시옷 siot
ㅆ ss 쌍시옷 ssangsiot
ㅇ -, -ng 이응 ieung
ㅈ j 지읒 jieut
ㅉ jj 쌍지읒 ssangjieut
ㅊ ch 치읓 chieut
ㅋ k 키읔 kieuk
ㅌ t 티읕 tieut
ㅍ p 피읖 pieup
ㅎ h 히읗 hieut

Consonant names in the 15th century seem to have ended in a vowel (without adding the last consonant repeating a shortened version of the initial), judging from 1451 Hunmin Jeongeum Eonhae's forms such as "ㄱ는", which may have been pronounced geuneun.

Hangul syllables[]

"Hangul syllables" redirects here. For the Unicode block, see Hangul Syllables.
See also: List of modern Hangul characters in ISO/IEC 2022–compliant national character set standards

Below are 19 tables of 28×21 syllables. All together there are 11,172 (19×21×28) possible syllables, found in the Hangul Syllables Unicode block (U+AC00–U+D7AF). These possible syllables are not all in use. Jump to tables with initial letter:

ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

See also[]

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