Harold Lawton
![]() | This article or section may have been copied and pasted from another location, possibly in violation of Wikipedia's copyright policy. (August 2020) |
![]() | This article includes a list of general references, but it remains largely unverified because it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (August 2020) |
Harold Walter Lawton (27 July 1899 – 24 December 2005, Greetham, Rutland) was an English scholar of French literature and, prior to his death, one of the last surviving veterans and the last prisoner of war of World War I in Britain.
Born in Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, he volunteered for military service in 1916, enlisting with the Royal Welch Fusiliers before being transferred to the Cheshire Regiment. Upon completing training, in 1917 he was posted to the Western Front where he was transferred again, to The East Yorkshire Regiment. During the German spring offensive of 1918 his unit, the 1/4th Battalion the East Yorkshires, was sent to reinforce the line at Béthune.
The Germans used infiltration tactics, where stormtroopers aimed to infiltrate weak points in defences, bypassing strongly held front line areas. Troops with heavier weapons would then attack the isolated strongpoints. Lawton, with troops from the Durham Light Infantry, did indeed become isolated in a forward trench during the assault; when they ran out of ammunition and food after three days' fighting, they surrendered. He was imprisoned at a prisoner of war camp at a fort in Lille and afterwards in Minden, Germany.
After the war, he completed a Master's degree in French at the University of Wales in Bangor, and received a doctorate in Latin and French from the Sorbonne in 1926. He became a lecturer, then a Professor of French at the University College Southampton. He later took the position of Professor of French, and was promoted within the university administration as Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Pro Vice-Chancellor, at the University of Sheffield.
During World War II, he briefed behind the lines operatives and was listed in The Black Book of key people to be arrested upon a successful Nazi invasion of Britain.[1]
He published a Handbook of French Renaissance Dramatic Theory in 1950, and Poems, Selected with Introduction and Notes (on the work of Joachim du Bellay) in 1961.
In 1999, Lawton received the Légion d'honneur of the French Republic, honouring his services in World War I.
He died on 24 December 2005. at the age of 106.
References[]
- ^ "War veteran remembered". Stamford Mercury. Johnston Press. 26 December 2006. Retrieved 20 November 2010.
Selected publications[]
- Vernacular Literature in Western Europe, in The New Cambridge Modern History, vol. I, The Renaissance, 1493-1520 (1957)
External links[]
- Obituary of Professor Harold Lawton from The Daily Telegraph, 26 December 2005
- Obituary from The Times, 26 December 2005, page 67
- 1899 births
- 2005 deaths
- Academics of the University of Sheffield
- Academics of the University of Southampton
- British Army personnel of World War I
- Cheshire Regiment soldiers
- East Yorkshire Regiment soldiers
- English centenarians
- English literary critics
- Men centenarians
- Recipients of the Legion of Honour
- People from Burslem
- Royal Welch Fusiliers soldiers
- University of Paris alumni
- World War I prisoners of war held by Germany
- People from Rutland