Hayashi Ōen

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In this Japanese name, the surname is Hayashi.

Hayashi Ōen (林 桜園, 1797–1870) was a Japanese doctor, military strategist, scholar, Shinto priest, diviner, and nationalist.

A samurai by birth, Ōen was born into the family of Hayashi Mataemon Michihide, a retainer of Kumamoto. He studied under Nagase Masaki,[1] and was noted for his scholarly studies of the Japanese classics of Higo.[2] A deeply religious man, Ōen placed substantial emphasis on the use of the ukehi ritual in divination, calling it, "the most wonderous of all Shinto rites".[3][4]

Ōen promulgated his highly xenophobic views through his school, the Gendōkan, which he founded in 1837 at . He advocated resistance to Western influence and trade, and recommended the expulsion of foreigners from Japan. In 1868. he became a teacher at the Jishūkan, and also worked as an advisor to Iwakura Tomomi. He died aged 73 at the home of his student Otaguro Tomoo.[3]

After his death, his students, led by Tomoo, adapted his teachings to form the basis of the Shinpūren movement.[5][6]

References[]

  1. ^ Donald Calman (16 September 1992). The Nature and Origins of Japanese Imperialism: A Reinterpretation of the Great Crisis of 1873. Psychology Press. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-415-06710-2. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
  2. ^ 福岡ユネスコ協会 (1968). Fukuoka Unesco. 福岡ユネスコ協会. p. 20. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Mitsuo, Hori. "Encyclopedia of Shinto". Kokugakuin University. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
  4. ^ Helen Hardacre; Adam Lewis Kern (1997). New Directions in the Study of Meiji Japan. BRILL. p. 427. ISBN 90-04-10735-5.
  5. ^ Marius B. Jansen (28 July 1989). The Cambridge History of Japan: The nineteenth century. Cambridge University Press. p. 391. ISBN 978-0-521-22356-0. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
  6. ^ Eiko Maruko Siniawer (2008). Ruffians, Yakuza, Nationalists: The Violent Politics of Modern Japan, 1860–1960. Cornell University Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-8014-4720-4. Retrieved 18 June 2012.


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