Heterodonta
Heterodonta | |
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The venerid species Austrovenus stutchburyi, the New Zealand cockle, is sold internationally as sea food. | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Bivalvia |
Subclass: | Heterodonta |
Orders | |
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Heterodonta is a taxonomic subclass of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs. This subclass includes the edible clams, the cockles and the Venus clams.[1]
Description[]
These bivalves are distinguished by having the two halves of the shell equally sized (i.e, they are equivalved) and having a few cardinal teeth separated from a number of long lateral teeth. Their shells lack a nacreous layer, and the gills are lamellibranch in form. Most species have a siphon.[2]
Orders and families[]
In 2010, a new proposed classification system for the Bivalvia was published in by Bieler, Carter & Coan, revising the classification of the Bivalvia, including the subclass Heterodonta.[3] The following tree is their info which has been updated with the latest information from the World Register of Marine Species:
Subclass: Heterodonta
- Unclassified family: †
- Infraclass: Archiheterodonta[4][5]
- Order: †[6]
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †Actinodontidae
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Order: Carditida[7]
- Unclassified family: †
- Unclassified family: †
- Superfamily: Carditoidea
- Family: †Cardiniidae
- Family: Carditidae
- Family: Condylocardiidae
- Superfamily: Crassatelloidea
- Family: †
- Family: Astartidae
- Family: Crassatellidae
- Family: †
- Order: †[6]
- Infraclass: Euheterodonta[8]
- Unassigned Euheterodonta[9]
- Superfamily: †
- Superfamily: †
- Superorder: Anomalodesmata[10]
- Superfamily:
- Family: Clavagellidae
- Family: Penicillidae
- Superfamily: Cuspidarioidea
- Family: Cuspidariidae
- Family: Halonymphidae
- Family: Protocuspidariidae
- Family: Spheniopsidae
- Superfamily:
- Family: Cleidothaeridae
- Family: Myochamidae
- Superfamily:
- Family: Lyonsiidae
- Family: Pandoridae
- Superfamily:
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: Parilimyidae
- Family: Pholadomyidae
- Family: †
- Superfamily: Poromyoidea
- Family: Cetoconchidae
- Family: Poromyidae
- Superfamily:
- Family: †
- Family: Clistoconchidae
- Family: Laternulidae
- Family: Periplomatidae
- Family: Thraciidae
- Superfamily:
- Family: Euciroidae
- Family: Lyonsiellidae
- Family: Verticordiidae
- Superfamily:
- Superorder: [11]
- Unassigned Imparidentia
- Unassigned Family: †
- Superfamily:
- Family: Cyamiidae
- Family: Galatheavalvidae
- Family: Sportellidae
- Superfamily:
- Family:
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Order: Adapedonta[12]
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †Edmondiidae
- Family: †
- Superfamily: Hiatelloidea
- Family: Hiatellidae
- Superfamily:
- Superfamily: †
- Order: Cardiida[13]
- Superfamily: Cardioidea
- Family: Cardiidae
- Family: †
- Superfamily: Tellinoidea
- Family: Donacidae
- Family: †
- Family: Psammobiidae
- Family: †
- Family: Semelidae
- Family: Solecurtidae
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: Tellinidae
- Family: †
- Superfamily: Cardioidea
- Order: Galeommatida[14]
- Superfamily:
- Family: Basterotiidae
- Family: Galeommatidae
- Family: Lasaeidae
- Superfamily:
- Order: Gastrochaenida[15]
- Superfamily: Gastrochaenoidea
- Family: Gastrochaenidae
- Superfamily: Gastrochaenoidea
- Order: †Hippuritida (rudists)[16]
- Suborder: †
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †Caprinidae
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †Diceratidae
- Family: †Hippuritidae
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †Radiolitidae
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Suborder: †
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †Requieniidae
- Superfamily: †
- Suborder: †
- Order: Lucinida[17]
- Superfamily: Lucinoidea
- Family: Lucinidae
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: Thyasiroidea
- Family: Thyasiridae
- Superfamily: Lucinoidea
- Order: †[18]
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †Megalodontoidea
- Family: †
- Family: †Dicerocardiidae
- Family: †Megalodontidae
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Order: †Modiomorphida[19]
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Order: Myida[20]
- Superfamily: Dreissenoidea
- Family: Dreissenidae
- Superfamily: Myoidea
- Family: Corbulidae
- Family: Myidae
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily:
- Family: Pholadidae
- Family: Teredinidae (shipworms)
- Family: Xylophagaidae
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: Dreissenoidea
- Order: Sphaeriida[21]
- Superfamily:
- Family: †
- Family: Sphaeriidae
- Superfamily:
- Order: Venerida[22]
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily:
- Family: Arcticidae
- Family: †
- Family: Trapezidae
- Family: †
- Superfamily: Chamoidea
- Family: Chamidae
- Superfamily:
- Family: Cyrenidae
- Family: Cyrenoididae
- Family: Glauconomidae
- Superfamily:
- Family: Glossidae
- Family: Kelliellidae
- Family: †
- Family: Vesicomyidae
- Superfamily: Hemidonacoidea
- Family: Hemidonacidae
- Superfamily:
- Family: Anatinellidae
- Family: Cardiliidae
- Family: Mactridae
- Family: Mesodesmatidae
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily: †
- Family: †
- Family: †
- Superfamily:
- Family: Ungulinidae
- Superfamily:
- Family: †
- Family: Neoleptonidae
- Family: Veneridae
- Superfamily: †
- Unassigned Imparidentia
- Unassigned Euheterodonta[9]
Notes:
- Family † was classified by Bieler, Carter & Coan (2010) as uncertain Heterodonta but has since been classified as Palaeoheterodonta.[23]
- Family † was classified by Bieler, Carter & Coan (2010) as uncertain Heterodonta but has since been classified more specifically as .[24]
- Family † was classified by Bieler, Carter & Coan (2010) as uncertain (a proposed infraclass of the proposed bivalve subclass ) but has since been classified as uncertain Heterodonta.[25]
References[]
- ^ Heterodonta Neumayr, 1884. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 3 February 2009.
- ^ Barnes, Robert D. (1982). Invertebrate Zoology. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p. 340. ISBN 0-03-056747-5.
- ^ Bieler, R., Carter, J.G. & Coan, E.V. (2010) Classification of Bivalve families. Pp. 113-133, in: Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.P. (2010), Nomenclator of Bivalve Families. Malacologia 52(2): 1-184
- ^ Archiheterodonta Giribet in Taylor, Williams, Glover & Dyal, 2007. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 3 February 2009.
- ^ Giribet G. 2008. Bivalvia. Pp. 105-141, in: Ponder W.F. & Lindberg D.L. (eds), Molluscan Phylogeny. Berkeley: University of California Press, xi+469 pp.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Actinodontida †". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
- ^ Carditoida Dall, 1889. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 3 August 2010.
- ^ Euheterodonta Giribet in Taylor, Williams, Glover & Dyal, 2007. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 3 February 2009.
- ^ Unassigned Euheterodonta. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 12 July 2009.
- ^ Anomalodesmata Dall, 1889. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 9 July 2010.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Imparidentia". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Adapedonta". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Cardiida". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Galeommatida". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Gastrochaenida". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Hippuritida †". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
- ^ Lucinoida Gray, 1854. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 10 July 2010.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Megalodontida †". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Modiomorphida †". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
- ^ Myoida Stoliczka, 1870. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 9 July 2010.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Sphaeriida". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-03.
- ^ Veneroida Gray, 1854. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 9 July 2010.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Lyrodesmatidae P. Fischer, 1886 †". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Redoniidae Babin, 1966 †". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Lipanellidae Sánchez, 2005 †". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
- Bivalve taxonomy
- Mollusc subclasses