Hippomane

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For the solid structure formed in horse pregnancy, see Hippomanes.

Hippomane
Hippomane mancinella (fruit).jpg
Hippomane mancinella
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily: Euphorbioideae
Tribe: Hippomaneae
Subtribe: Hippomaninae
Genus: Hippomane
L.
Type species
Hippomane mancinella
Synonyms[3]
  • Mancanilla Plum. ex Adans.
  • Mancinella Tussac

Hippomane is a genus of plants in the Euphorbiaceae described by Linnaeus in 1753.[2][4] It is native to the West Indies, Central America, Mexico, Florida, Venezuela, Colombia, and Galápagos.[3][5][6][7][8][9]

Derivation of name[]

The name of the genus references the Greek name hippomanes (applied by Theophrastus to an unidentified plant said to poison horses, sending them mad) - this being a compound of the Greek elements ἵππος (= (h)ippos) horse and μανία (= mania) insanity / frenzy - hence "sending horses insane".[10]

Species[]

Accepted Species[3]
  1. Hippomane horrida Urb. & Ekman. - Barahona in Dominican Rep
  2. Hippomane mancinella L. - West Indies, Mexico, Central America, Florida Keys, Venezuela, Colombia, Galápagos
  3. Hippomane spinosa L. - Hispaniola
Species formerly included[3]

moved to other genera: Sapium

  1. Hippomane aucuparia - Sapium glandulosum
  2. Hippomane biglandulosa - Sapium glandulosum
  3. Hippomane fruticosa - Sapium glandulosum
  4. Hippomane glandulosa - Sapium glandulosum
  5. Hippomane zeocca - Sapium glandulosum

References[]

  1. ^ lectotype designated by M. L. Green, Prop. Brit. Bot. 195 (1929)
  2. ^ a b Tropicos, Hippomane L.
  3. ^ a b c d Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  4. ^ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 2: 1191-1192 in Latin
  5. ^ Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  6. ^ González Ramírez, J. 2010. Euphorbiaceae. En: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. 5. B.E. Hammel, M.H. Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora (eds.). Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 119: 290–394.
  7. ^ Martínez Gordillo, M., J. J. Ramírez, R. C. Durán, E. J. Arriaga, R. García, A. Cervantes & R. M. Hernández. 2002. Los géneros de la familia Euphorbiaceae en México. Anales del Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Botánica 73(2): 155–281.
  8. ^ Webster, G. L. & M.J. Huft. 1988. Revised synopsis of Panamanian Euphorbiaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75(3): 1087–1144.
  9. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map
  10. ^ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2012). CRC World dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants: common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms and etymology. CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group. ISBN 978-1-4398-9445-3 Volume III E-L pps. 484-5.
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