Hollywood Africans

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Hollywood Africans
Hollywood-Africans-1983.jpg
ArtistJean-Michel Basquiat
Year1983
MediumAcrylic and oil stick on canvas
MovementNeo-expressionism
Dimensions210 cm × 210 cm (84 in × 84 in)
LocationWhitney Museum of American Art
Gift of Douglas S. Cramer

Hollywood Africans is a painting created by American artist Jean-Michel Basquiat in 1983. The artwork is Basquiat's response to the portrayals of African Americans in the entertainment industry.

Background[]

Jean-Michel Basquiat started as a street artist writing graffiti as SAMO, then became immersed in the Downtown art and music scene. He was in an experimental band called Gray, but he was also connected to the emerging Hip-Hop movement.[1] Basquiat was friends with graffiti artists such as Fab 5 Freddy, Toxic and Ramellzee. In 1983, Basquiat produced the hip-hop single "Beat Bop" by Rammellzee and K-Rob, and he created the cover art.[2] Ramellzee and Toxic accompanied Basquiat to Venice, Los Angeles while he prepared for his March 1983 show, his second at the Gagosian Gallery in West Hollywood.[3] While in Los Angeles, the trio called themselves "The Hollywood Africans" as social statement to counter the stereotypical portrayals of African Americans in Hollywood.[4] During this trip, Basquiat painted Hollywood Africans, which questions the depictions of African Americans in film, particularly during the Golden Age of Hollywood.

Analysis[]

Set to a golden yellow backdrop, at the center of Hollywood Africans is a self-portrait of Jean-Michel Basquiat and his friends artists Toxic and Rammellzee, who accompanied him to Los Angeles. To the upper right of Basquiat are the numerals 12, 22, and 60, his birthdate.[5]

As he often did in his works, Basquiat crossed out some words and phrases. He explained that this was actually meant to direct attention to them, "I cross out words so you will see them more; the fact that they are obscured makes you want to read them."[6]

Across the canvas are phrases such as "HOLLYWOOD AFRICANS FROM THE NINETEEN FORTIES" and "WHAT IS BWANA?" which indicate Basquiat is questioning the depictions of African Americans in film in the 1940s. Bwana is the Swahili word for master or boss. The date 1940, written at the top of the painting, may refer to the year actress Hattie McDaniel became the first African American to win an Oscar for playing the racial caricature "Mammy" in Gone With The Wind (1939).[7]

With the notations "TOBACCO," "SUGAR CANE," "GANGSTERISM," and the title of the artwork, "HOLLYWOOD AFRICANS," Basquiat seems aware of the limited roles given to African Americans in both Hollywood and real life due to discrimination. The notations can also be interpreted as the new products built by Africans that Hollywood is exporting. [5] On the left side of the painting are blue footprints, referring to the footprints of movie stars outside of the Grauman's Chinese Theatre on the historic Hollywood Walk of Fame. Basquiat and his posse are challenging the perception of three young black men in Hollywood and are cementing their place in history.[8]

Exhibitions[]

Hollywood Africans is part of the permanent collection at the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York. In 2017, it was exhibited at the Barbican Centre in London as part of Basquiat: Boom for Real.[9] In 2020, the artwork will display at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston for its exhibit, Writing the Future: Basquiat and the Hip-Hop Generation.[10]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Colby, Celina (April 15, 2020). "Hip-Hop and Basquiat". The Bay State Banner. Retrieved 2020-09-27.
  2. ^ Nosnitsky, Andrew (2013-11-14). "Basquiat's 'Beat Bop': An Oral History of One of the Most Valuable Hip-Hop Records of All Time". Spin. Retrieved 2020-09-26.
  3. ^ Hoffman, Fred (March 13, 2005). "Basquiat's L.A." Los Angeles Times.
  4. ^ "Last of the Hollywood Africans: Toxic, Rammellzee and Jean-Michel Basquiat". Very Nearly Almost. February 8, 2013.
  5. ^ a b "Hollywood Africans: African Americans and the Entertainment Industry in Basquiat's Work". Singulart Magazine. July 26, 2019. Retrieved 2020-09-27.
  6. ^ Dazed (November 21, 2017). "Jean-Michel Basquiat in his own words". Dazed. Retrieved 2020-09-27.
  7. ^ "A Closer Look at 'Hollywood Africans'". Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Retrieved 2020-09-27.
  8. ^ Francesca Bonazzoli and Michele Robecchi, Portraits Unmasked: The Story Behind the Faces, Prestel, London, 2020, pp. 96-99.
  9. ^ "The UK's first major Basquiat exhibition opens today". Huck Magazine. September 20, 2017. Retrieved 2020-09-26.
  10. ^ Scott, Chadd (March 22, 2020). "Jean-Michel Basquiat Maintains Grip On Art World". Forbes. Retrieved 2020-09-26.
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