Homalomena

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Homalomena
Homalomena rubescens (Philippines) 01.jpg
Homalomena rubescens
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Alismatales
Family: Araceae
Subfamily: Aroideae
Tribe:
Genus: Homalomena
Schott
Synonyms[1]
  • Homalonema Endl.
  • Spirospatha Raf.
  • Cyrtocladon Griff.
  • Chamaecladon Miq.
  • Adelonema Schott
  • Curmeria Linden & André
  • Diandriella Engl.

Homalomena is a genus of flowering plants within the family Araceae. Homalomena are primarily found in southern Asia and the southwestern Pacific, but there are a few species that are known to be indigenous to Latin America.[1][2][3] Many Homalomena have a strong smell of anise. The name derives apparently from a mistranslated Malayan vernacular name, translated as homalos, meaning flat, and mene = moon.

The plants of this genus are clump-forming evergreen perennials with mainly heart-shaped or arrowheaded shaped leaves. The flowers are tiny and without petals, enclosed in a usually greenish spathe hidden by the leaves.[4]

The Tamils knew of this plant for more than 3000 years. It is called merugu (Tamil: மெருகு ) and it is used for several purposes including curing stomach disorders, piles, and phlegm. Several oils like kumaraguru enney, merugulli enney, and merugu pachai enney are prepared to cure various type of diseases.[5]

Some authors have proposed splitting the genus and moving all the neotropical species of Homalomena to Adelonema.[6][7] At the present time (August 2014), Tropicos, The Plant List, and the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families have opted not to accept this change.[8][1][9]

Homalomena wallisii
Species[1]
  1. A.Hay - western New Guinea
  2. Alderw. - Sulawesi
  3. Kurniawan & P.C.Boyce - Kalimantan Timur
  4. P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  5. Ridl. - Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo
  6. (Spreng.) Schott - Yunnan, Assam, Bangladesh, Indochina
  7. Baharuddin & P.C.Boyce - Perak
  8. Alderw. - Sumatra
  9. Engl. & K.Krause - Papua New Guinea
  10. P.C.Boyce, S.Y.Wong & Fasih - Sarawak
  11. Engl. - Sumatra
  12. Schott - Java
  13. Ridl. - Sumatra
  14. P.C.Boyce, S.Y.Wong & Fasih. - Sarawak
  15. Engl. - Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Yunnan, Guangdong
  16. Furtado - Peninsular Malaysia
  17. (Schott) Engl. - Thailand, Borneo, Sumatra
  18. Schott - Java, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
  19. Furtado - Jahore
  20. Engl. - Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador
  21. Alderw. - Sumatra
  22. Ridl. - Perak
  23. Engl. - Melaka
  24. A.Hay - New Guinea
  25. Y.C.Hoe - Sarawak
  26. Ridl. - New Guinea
  27. Alderw. - Sumatra
  28. Engl. - Sumatra
  29. A.Hay & Hersc. - Sumatra
  30. (Mart. ex Schott) Engl. - Costa Rica, northwestern Brazil
  31. A.Hay & Hersc. - Sarawak
  32. M.Hotta - Sumatra
  33. Schott - New Guinea, Maluku, Philippines
  34. L.S.Tung, S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sarawak
  35. Furtado - Sabah
  36. (Schott) Hook.f. - Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Vietnam, Borneo, Malaysia, Sumatra
  37. H.Li - Hainan
  38. Croat & Grayum - Costa Rica
  39. P.C.Boyce, S.Y.Wong & Fasih. - Sarawak
  40. M.Hotta - Sumatra
  41. Ridl. - Sabah, Sarawak
  42. Furtado - Kelantan
  43. A.Hay - New Guinea
  44. (Jack) Hook.f. - Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra
  45. Hersc. & A.Hay - Papua New Guinea
  46. N.E.Br. - Borneo
  47. A.Hay - Papua New Guinea
  48. P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  49. A.Hay - New Guinea
  50. Hayata - Taiwan
  51. Furtado - Kelantan
  52. Furtado - Borneo
  53. Zulhazman, P.C.Boyce & Mashhor - Peninsular Malaysia
  54. Croat - Valle del Cauca in Colombia
  55. Ridl. - Sarawak
  56. Hook.f. - Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand
  57. Engl. - Borneo, Java, Sumatra
  58. Engl. - New Guinea
  59. (Rodigas) Ridl. - New Guinea
  60. Merr - Sumatra
  61. A.Hay - Papua New Guinea
  62. Griff. - Peninsular Malaysia
  63. Y.C.Hoe, S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sarawak
  64. M.Hotta - Sumatra
  65. A.Hay - Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands
  66. (N.E.Br.) Engl. - Borneo
  67. Griff. - Peninsular Malaysia
  68. M.Hotta - Brunei
  69. Croat & Grayum - Chocó region of Colombia
  70. M.Hotta - Sumatra
  71. Furtado - Peninsular Malaysia
  72. (Schott) Engl. - Sumatra
  73. Hook.f. - Kelantan, Nicobar Islands
  74. Ridl. - Sumatra
  75. Alderw. - Borneo
  76. (Lour.) Schott - Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan
  77. (Schott) Ridl. - Borneo
  78. Engl. - Borneo
  79. M.Hotta - Sumatra
  80. Engl. - Palawan
  81. Engl. - Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, New Guinea
  82. Mast. - Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia
  83. (Blume) Bakh.f. - Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Lesser Sunda Islands
  84. Engl. - Philippines, Lan Yü Islands of Taiwan
  85. (Linden & André) Regel - Costa Rica, Panama, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, the Guianas
  86. Sulaiman & P.C.Boyce - Perak
  87. Griff. ex Hook.f. - Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia
  88. A.Hay - New Guinea
  89. P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong - Brunei, Sarawak
  90. Engl. & K.Krause - western New Guinea
  91. Engl. - Brunei, Sarawak
  92. Bogner - Sumatra
  93. Engl. & K.Krause - New Guinea
  94. (Roxb.) Kunth. - Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Myanmar
  95. M.Hotta - Sumatra
  96. Ridl. - Sarawak
  97. (Schott) Engl. - Sumatra, Borneo
  98. Engl. - New Guinea
  99. Hook.f. - Peninsular Malaysia
  100. P.C.Boyce, S.Y.Wong & Fasih. - Sarawak
  101. Alderw. - Sumatra
  102. Regel - Peninsular Malaysia
  103. A.Hay - New Guinea
  104. Bogner & Moffler - Colombia
  105. A.Hay - Papua New Guinea
  106. Engl. & K.Krause - New Guinea
  107. P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong - Sarawak
  108. Engl. - Sarawak
  109. P.C.Boyce, S.Y.Wong & Fasih. - Sarawak
  110. Engl. - New Guinea
  111. S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Brunei
  112. Engl. - Borneo
  113. (Schott) Hook.f. - Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia
  114. P.C.Boyce - Brunei, Sarawak
  115. Bogner & V.D.Nguyen - Vietnam
  116. Kurniawan & P.C.Boyce - Sulawesi
  117. P.C.Boyce, S.Y.Wong & Fasih. - Sarawak
  118. Schott - Pulau Pinang in Malaysia
  119. Homalomena wallisii Regel - Panama, Colombia, Venezuela
  120. Schott - Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
  121. S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Brunei
  122. Schott - Java

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (2002). World Checklist and Bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae): 1-560. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. ^ Boyce, P.C. & Wong, S.Y. (2009). Studies on Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Borneo IV: Homalomena specimens in the herbarium Beccarianum-Malesia (FI-B) of the Museo di Storia Naturale - Sezione Botanica "F.Parlatore" dell'Università di Firenze. Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 64: 169-173.
  4. ^ Flora of China Vol. 23 Page 17, 千年健属 qian nian jian shu, Homalomena Schott in Schott & Endlicher, Melet. Bot. 20. 1832.
  5. ^ Bown, Deni (2000). Aroids: Plants of the Arum Family [ILLUSTRATED]. Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-485-7
  6. ^ Aroid genera
  7. ^ The Überlist of Araceae, 2013
  8. ^ Tropicos, Missouri Botanical Garden
  9. ^ "The Systematics of Araceae". Archived from the original on 2012-11-19. Retrieved 2013-07-05.

External links[]

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