Ibn Abi al-Khisal

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Dhu al-Wizaratayn

Ibn Abi al-Khisal
إبن أبي الخصال
Bornc. 1072
Las Gorgillitas
Diedc. 1146
Cordoba
Academic background
Academic work
EraAlmoravid, Islamic Golden Age in al-Andalus
Main interestsHistory, poetry, hadith
Notable worksDhil al-Ghimamah (ظل الغمامة)

Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn Masʿūd ibn Ṭayyib ibn Faraj ibn Khalaṣa(or Khāliṣa) al-Ghāfiqī al-Shaquri (Arabic: أبو عبدالله محمد بن مسعود بن الطيّب بن فرج بن خلاصة الغافقي الشقوري) (d. 540 AH) (d. 1146 AD) better known as Ibn Abi'l-Khisal (إبن أبي الخصال), was a prominent Andalusi secretary, historian, scholar of ḥadīth and poet.[1] He is referred to as Dhu al-Wizaratayn (ذو الوزارتين; lit. 'holder of two ministerial responsibilities'), an honorific given to senior ministers in medieval Islamic world.[1]

Biography[]

Ibn Abi al-Khisal was most likely born in 1072 in the village of Las Gorgillitas near Segura, where he spent his early years.[1][2] His nisba al-Ghafiqi shows his ethnic association to the Arab tribe of Ghafiq[1] which settled in the Andalus after accompanying the army of Musa ibn Nusayr (d. 716) that crossed to al-Andalus.[3] While al-Shaquri indicates his geographical affiliation to the region of Segura (in Arabic: شقورة, romanized: shaqura). After working in the Taifa courts, he moved to the city of Cordoba, which at the time was under the rule of the Almoravids dynasty. As a Katib (كاتب; lit. 'Secretary') Ibn Abi al-Khisal worked in the court of the Almoravid governor of Cordoba, Muhammad ibn al-Hajj (c. 1090–1106), alongside Abu Muhammad ibn al-Sid (1052–1127), a renowned contemporary Katib.[4] Later in his life, Ibn Abi al-Khisal was appointed as a secretary along with his brother Abu Marwan in the court of the Almoravid Ali ibn Yusuf ibn Tashfin (r. 1106–1143) at Marrakesh, the capital city of the Almoravids.[4] Ibn Abi al-Khisal would become the most celebrated Katib among his contemporaries, and was considered the heir to the Andalusi tradition of ornate insha', while also being a respected scholar of Hadith,[4] earning him the honorific title Dhu'l-wizaratayn, however, no sources specify the exact nature of these two offices.[1] His death occurred in 1146 AD in Cordoba.[2]

Works[]

According to the historian al-Zirikli, Abi'l-Khisal works includes:[2]

  • Tarasuleh wa Shi'reh (ترسله وشعره)
  • Dhil al-Ghimamah (ظل الغمامة)
  • Minhaj al-Minqab (منهاج المناقب)
  • Manaqib al-'Ishrah wa Ami al-Rasul Allah (مناقب العشرة وعمي رسول الله)

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e Herdt, Andreas (2021-03-01). "Ibn Abī l-Khiṣāl". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE. Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830.
  2. ^ a b c Zirikli, Khair al-Din. "Al-A'lam". shiaonlinelibrary.com. p. 96. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  3. ^ Ṭāha, 'Abdulwāhid Dḥanūn (2020-04-23). The Muslim Conquest and Settlement of North Africa and Spain. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-63936-0.
  4. ^ a b c Fierro, Maribel (2020-04-22). The Routledge Handbook of Muslim Iberia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-23354-1.
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