Identifying marks on euro coins

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Before the introduction of the euro, the current eurozone members issued their own individual national coinage, most of which featured mint marks, privy marks and/or mint master marks. These marks have been continued as a part of the national designs of the euro coins, as well. This article serves to list the information about the various types of identifying marks on euro coins, including engraver and designer initials and the unique edge inscriptions found on the €2 coins.

Date stamps on euro coins[]

Since the euro was officially introduced in 1999, most of the EMU member countries began producing their coins ahead of the 2002 introduction date. There is individual national legislation in place which governs the mintage of coins issued from each country. These coinage acts regulate the coin production parameters for each country.

Mintage date[]

The coinage acts of countries with a mintage date stipulation specify that the year the coin is minted, regardless of when the coins are issued, should appear on each coin. Belgium, Finland, France, the Netherlands and Spain have mintage date stipulations.

Issue date[]

The coinage acts of countries with an issue date stipulation specify that the year the coin is issued, regardless of when the coins are minted, should appear on each coin. Austria, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, San Marino and the Vatican City have issue date stipulations.

Conclusion[]

Since the euro was first issued in 2002, the countries which have an issue date stipulation are all dated 2002 onward, even though these coins were minted in previous years to prepare for the adoption of the euro. As a result, there are no euro coins dated 1999, 2000 and 2001 issued from countries with an issue date stipulation. Luxembourg has no domestic mint, so their coins are minted elsewhere. Regardless of the mintage location of these coins, the issue date stipulation in their coinage act must be followed by whichever country mints their coins and the date stamp is therefore applied accordingly. Since Monaco, San Marino and the Vatican City do not have their own coinage acts, the date stamp is applied in accordance with the coinage act of whichever country mints these coins. France produces the euro coins for Monaco and follows the mintage date stipulation; it began minting Monégasque euro coins only in 2001, since the mintage quantities were so low. Sammarinese and Vatican euro coins are minted in Italy and follow the issue date stipulation.

National identifying marks of euro coins[]

As per a recommendation defined by the Economic and Financial Affairs Council of the European Union,[1] the national designs of each member's euro coin should contain a national identification in the form of spelling or abbreviation of the country's name. Of the fifteen members of the Eurozone at the time these recommendations were made, five national designs—those of Austria, Belgium, Finland, Germany and Greece—did not meet the criteria outlined. Of these five, two (Finland in 2007 and Belgium in 2008) have changed or amended their design to follow these recommendations, and the other three are expected to follow suit in the coming years.

National identifying marks on euro coins by country
Country Type Description Image
Andorra Text ANDORRA  
Austria Text REPUBLIK ÖSTERREICH  
Symbol Flag of Austria Euro id austria s01.gif
Belgium Text BELGIE-BELGIQUE-BELGIEN  
Symbol Monogram of King Albert II Euro id belgium s01.jpg
Symbol Monogram of King Philippe
Abbreviation B (€2 commemorative coin 2006)  
Abbreviation BE (België/Belgique/Belgien in Dutch, French and German)[2]  
Cyprus Text ΚΥΠΡΟΣ/KIBRIS (in both Greek and Turkish)  
Estonia Text EESTI (Estonia)  
Finland Abbreviation FI (Finland)[3]  
France Text RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE (French Republic in French)  
Abbreviation stylised RF (République française)  
Germany Text BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND (Federal Republic of Germany in German)  
Abbreviation D  
Symbol Eagle  
Greece Text ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ (Greek Republic in Greek)  
Ireland Text / Symbol éire (in Gaelic type) Harp
Italy Text REPUBBLICA ITALIANA (Italian Republic in Italian)  
Abbreviation stylised RI (Repubblica Italiana)  
Latvia Text LATVIJA  
Symbol LV (€2 commemorative coin 2014-2015)  
Lithuania Text LIETUVA  
Luxembourg Text LËTZEBUERG (Luxembourg in Luxembourgish)  
Text LUXEMBOURG  
Symbol monogram of Grand Duke Henri (€2 commemorative coin 2005)  
Symbol lion (€2 commemorative coin 2018 and onwards)  
Malta Text MALTA  
Monaco Text MONACO  
Netherlands Text WILLEM-ALEXANDER KONING DER NEDERLANDEN (Willem Alexander, King of the Netherlands)
Text BEATRIX KONINGIN DER NEDERLANDEN (Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands)
Text NEDERLAND (€2 commemorative coin 2009, 2012, 2015)
Text KONINKRIJK DER NEDERLANDEN (€2 commemorative coin 2007)
Portugal Text PORTUGAL  
San Marino Text SAN MARINO  
Slovakia Text SLOVENSKO  
Slovenia Text SLOVENIJA  
Spain Text ESPAÑA
España coin mark.jpg

Vatican City Text CITTÀ DEL VATICANO (Vatican City)  

Mint marks[]

The use of mint marks on euro coins takes one of these three forms:

  • a single letter representing a city or country
  • the abbreviation of the country's mint
  • the symbol of the country's mint
Mint marks on euro coins by country
Country Mint location Mint mark Mint mark description Notes
Belgium Brussels Euro mintmarkmark belgium.jpg Head of archangel St. Michael, patron saint of Brussels. Prior to 2008, Belgian marks had only been used on commemorative issues. Since 2008, the marks are used on both standard issue and commemorative issue coins.
Finland Vantaa Euro id finland s02.jpg[3] Logo of the Rahapaja Oy mint The Cornucopian logo was used until 2010. Since 2011, the logo is a heraldic lion.
France Pessac Euro mintmarkmark france.jpg Cornucopia, Different of the Monnaie de Paris[4]
Germany German Euro coins are minted at 5 locations in Germany A, D, F, G, J Letters A for Berlin, D for Munich, F for Stuttgart, G for Karlsruhe, J for Hamburg,

while B, C, E and H used to be mint locations that had been closed prior to the introduction of the euro.

Greece (2002) Madrid, Spain
Pessac, France
Vantaa, Finland
Athens 		E (20c),
F (1c, 2c, 5c, 10c and 50c),
S[5] (€1 and €2) 		Letters E for Spain (España), F for France, S for Finland (Suomi).
The initial supply of Greek euro coins were produced at three locations, in addition to the Athens mint, due to their late entry into the European Monetary Union (EMU) just before the introduction date on 1 January 2002; only certain denominations of Greek coins with the date stamp of "2002" have these mint marks. Greek euro coins dated 2002 without these mint marks were produced in Athens, Greece.
All Greek euro coins bear the standard Greek mint mark symbol of the Athens mint.
Greece (2002–present) Athens Euro mintmark greece.jpg Stylised acanthus leaf
Italy Rome R Letter
Lithuania Vilnius Euro mintmark lithuania.jpg Lietuvos monetų kalykla (Lithuanian Mint House, LMK) logo
Luxembourg (2002–2004) Utrecht, Netherlands Euro mintmark netherlands.jpg Mercury's wand, the logo of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt (Royal Dutch Mint)
Luxembourg (2005–2006) Vantaa, Finland S,[5] Euro id finland s02.jpg Letter, logo of the (Suomen) Rahapaja Oy mint
Luxembourg (2007–2008) Pessac, France F, Euro mintmarkmark france.jpg Letter, Cornucopia, Different of the Monnaie de Paris[4]
Luxembourg (2009–present) Utrecht, Netherlands Euro mintmark netherlands.jpg Mercury's wand, the logo of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt (Royal Dutch Mint)
Malta (2008–2009) Paris, France F Letter
Monaco Pessac, France Euro mintmarkmark france.jpg Cornucopia, Different of the Monnaie de Paris[4] (Paris Mint)
Netherlands Utrecht Euro mintmark netherlands.jpg Mercury's wand, the logo of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt (Royal Dutch Mint)
Poland Warsaw Euro mintmark poland.jpg Mennica Polska (Polish Mint) logo Poland is not yet part of the Eurozone. When the euro is introduced, this is the mintmark which will be used.
The Polish Mint logo is the letter M on top of the letter W and comes from Mennica Warszawa or Warsaw Mint
Portugal (2007–2019) Lisbon INCM Imprensa Nacional – Casa de Moeda (National Currency – Mint House) abbreviation
Portugal (2020–present) Lisbon CASA DA MOEDA Mint House text
San Marino Rome, Italy R Letter
Slovakia Kremnica Euro mintmark slovakia.jpg Mincovňa Kremnica (Kremnican Mint, MK) logo
Slovenia (2007) Vantaa, Finland Fi[5] Abbreviation
Slovenia (2008–present) Utrecht, Netherlands Euro mintmark netherlands.jpg Mercury's wand, the logo of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt (Royal Dutch Mint)
Spain Madrid Mintmark of Casa de la Moneda, Madrid.jpg Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre (National Factory of Currency and Stamps) logo
Vatican Rome, Italy R Letter

Mint master marks and privy marks[]

Mint master marks or privy marks are symbols representing directors, chief engravers or chief executive officers of mints.

Belgium[]

The directors of the Monnaie Royale de Belgique/Koninklijke Munt van België (Royal Belgian Mint) in Brussels uses mint master's marks on all €2 commemorative coins and on all Belgian euro coins with a datestamp from 2008 onwards minted at this location.

Mint master marks on Belgian euro coins
Mark Mark description Name of mint master Coin dates
Euro mintmaster belgium 01.jpg Scale 1999–2009 (€2 commemorative coins)
2008–2009 (standard issue euro coins)
[6] Quill 2009-2012 (€2 commemorative coins)
2010–2012 (standard issue euro coins)
[7] Cat 2012-2016 (Commemorative coins)
2013-2016 (standard issue euro coins)
[8] Coat of arms 2017–present

Finland[]

The director of the Rahapaja Oy (Mint of Finland, LTD.) mint in Helsinki-Vantaa used a mint master's mark on Finnish euro coins minted at this location with the date stamp between 1999 and 2006.

Mint master mark on Finnish euro coins 1999–2006
Mark Mark description Name of mint master Coin dates
M Letter 1999–2006

France[]

The directors of Monnaie de Paris in Pessac use mint master's marks on all French euro coins minted at this location.

Mint master marks on French euro coins
Mark Mark description Name of mint master Coin dates
Euro mintmaster france 01.jpg Bee 1999–2000
Euro mintmaster france 02.jpg Horseshoe 2001–2002
Euro mintmaster france 03.jpg Stylised heart with the initials of the mint master 2003
Euro mintmaster france 04.jpg[4] Hunting horn, a wave and a fish 2004–2010
[9] Pentagon with letters AG, MP and YS 2011–2020
[10] Square with letters JJ Joaquin Jimenez 2021–present

Luxembourg[]

Luxembourg euro coins dated 2002 were minted in the Netherlands in 2000 and thus bear the mint master mark of , Temporary Director of the Utrecht Mint during the year of coin production. The Coinage Act of Luxembourg stipulates that national coins cannot have a date stamp prior to the year of issue. Therefore, Luxembourg euro coins bear the mint master mark of the Temporary Director at the time of minting, despite the date on the coins.

Coins dated 2003–2004 bear the mint master mark of , Director of the Utrecht Mint from 2003–2015. Luxembourgian euro coins dated 2005–2006 were produced at Rahapaja Oy (Mint of Finland), in Helsinki-Vantaa, Finland. Since the mint director does not affix a mint master mark to coins in production at that location, these coins do not bear a mint master mark but an S[5] and the logo of the 'Suomen Rahapaja' instead.

Luxembourg euro coins dated 2007-2008 were produced at Monnaie de Paris, in Pessac, France and bear the mint master mark of , Director of the Paris Mint. As of 2009, coins are again minted at the Royal Dutch Mint in Utrecht, the Netherlands. Until 2015 it was again the mint master mark of . From 2016-2017 was the Temporary Director of the Utrecht Mint.

Luxembourg is the only member of the Eurozone to have all of their coins produced at three different foreign mints.

Mint master marks on Luxembourgian euro coins
Mark Mark description Name of mint master Coin dates
Euro mintmaster netherlands 02.jpg Bow and arrow with a star[11] 2002
Euro mintmaster netherlands 05.jpg Sailboat 2003–2004
Euro mintmaster france 04.jpg[4] Hunting horn, a wave and a fish 2007–2008
Euro mintmaster netherlands 05.jpg Sailboat 2009–2015
Sailboat with a star[11] 2016–2017
[12] St. Servatius Bridge Stephan Satijn 2017–present

Monaco[]

Monegasque euro coins are produced by Monnaie de Paris, in Pessac, France beginning in 2001 and thus bear the mint master mark of , , and Directors of the Mint from 2001–2002, 2003, 2004–2010 and 2011–present respectively.

Mint master marks on Monegasque euro coins
Mark Mark description Name of mint master Coin dates
Euro mintmaster france 02.jpg Horseshoe 2001–2002
Euro mintmaster france 03.jpg Stylised heart with the initials of the mint master 2003
Euro mintmaster france 04.jpg[4] Hunting horn, a wave and a fish 2004–2010[13]
[9] Pentagon with letters AG, MP and YS 2011–2020
Square with letters JJ Joaquin Jimenez 2021–present

Netherlands[]

The mint masters of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt (Royal Dutch Mint) in Utrecht use mint master's marks on all Dutch euro coins minted at this location.[14]

Mint master marks on Dutch euro coins
Mark Mark description Name of mint master Coin dates
Euro mintmaster netherlands 01.jpg Bow and arrow 1999
Euro mintmaster netherlands 02.jpg Bow and arrow with a star[11] 2000
Euro mintmaster netherlands 03.jpg Vine branch and fruits 2001
Euro mintmaster netherlands 04.jpg Vine branch and fruits with a star[11] 2002
Euro mintmaster netherlands 05.jpg Sailboat 2003–2015
Sailboat with a star[11] 2016–2017
[15] Bridge Stephan Satijn 2017–present

Slovenia[]

Slovenian euro coins dated 2008 were produced at Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt in Utrecht, the Netherlands, and bear the mint master mark of , director of the Royal Dutch Mint from 2003 until 2015.

Mint master mark on Slovenian euro coins 2008
Mark Mark description Name of mint master Coin dates
Euro mintmaster netherlands 05.jpg Sailboat 2008

Designer, sculptor and engraver initials on euro coins[]

Each country had the opportunity to design its own national side of the euro coin. Most coins bear the initials or the name of the designer somewhere in the national design. For example, all eight motives of the common reverse sides of the euro coins bear the stylised initials "LL" for Luc Luycx. Euro.inscription.common.jpg

Designer, sculptor and engraver initials on standard euro coins[]

Inscriptions of initials on standard issue euro coins by country
Euro coin denomination Inscription image Inscription text Name Title
France
1, 2, 5 cent Euro.inscription.initial.france.008.jpg F. COURTIADE designer
10, 20, 50 cent Euro.inscription.initial.france.jpg[16] L. JORIO d'ap. O.ROTY , Oscar Roty[17] designer
1, 2 euro Euro.inscription.initial.france.300.jpg J. JIMENEZ designer
Greece
All denominations Euro.inscription.initial.greece.388.jpg ΓΣ (stylised) designer
Italy
1 cent Euro.inscription.initial.italy.001.jpg ED (stylised) engraver
2 cent Euro.inscription.initial.italy.002.jpg LDS (stylised) engraver
5 cent Euro.inscription.initial.italy.005.jpg ELF engraver
10 cent Euro.inscription.initial.italy.010.jpg CM engraver
20 cent Euro.inscription.initial.italy.020.jpg M.A.C. engraver
50 cent Euro.inscription.initial.italy.050.jpg M (stylised) Roberto Mauri engraver
1 euro Euro.inscription.initial.italy.100.jpg LC (stylised) Laura Cretara engraver
2 euro Euro.inscription.initial.italy.200.jpg M.C.C. engraver
Luxembourg
All denominations Euro.inscription.initial.luxembourg.388.jpg YGC (stylised) Yvette Gastauer-Claire designer
Malta
1, 2 and 5 cent Euro.inscription.initial.malta.008.jpg NGB designer
Portugal
All denominations Euro.inscription.initial.portugal.388.jpg VS (stylised) designer
San Marino
All denominations Euro.inscription.sculptor.sanmarino.388.jpg Ch (stylised) sculptor
All denominations Euro.inscription.engraver.sanmarino.388.jpg ELF INC.[18] engraver
Slovakia
1, 2, 5 cent Euro.inscription.initial.slovakia.008.jpg Z designer
10, 20, 50 cent Euro.inscription.initial.slovakia.080.jpg JČ (stylised) and 'PK' (stylised) and designers
1, 2 euro Euro.inscription.initial.slovakia.300.jpg IŘ (stylised) designer
Vatican City (first series)
1, 2 and 5 cent Euro.inscription.initial.vat.s01.008.jpg GV • UP INC.[18] (sculptor)
(engraver)
10, 20 and 50 cent Euro.inscription.initial.vat.s01.080.jpg GV • UP INC.[18] (sculptor)
(engraver)
1 and 2 euro Euro.inscription.initial.vat.s01.300.jpg[16] GV • UP INC.[18] (sculptor)
(engraver)
Vatican City (second series)
All denominations Euro.inscription.sculp.vat.s02.388.jpg D. LONGO sculptor
1 cent Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s02.001.jpg M.A.C. INC.[18] engraver
2 cent Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s02.002.jpg LDS (stylised) INC.[18] engraver
5 cent Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s02.005.jpg ELF INC.[18] engraver
10 cent Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s02.010.jpg M.C.C. INC.[18] engraver
20 cent Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s02.020.jpg M.A.C. INC.[18] engraver
50 cent Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s02.050.jpg LDS (stylised) INC.[18] engraver
1 euro Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s02.100.jpg ELF INC.[18] engraver
2 euro Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s02.200.jpg M.C.C. INC.[18] engraver
Vatican City (third series)
All denominations Euro.inscription.sculp.vat.s03.388.jpg D.L. sculptor
1 and 2 cent Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s03.003.jpg LDS INC.[18] engraver
5 cent Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s03.005.jpg ELF INC.[18] engraver
10 cent Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s03.010.jpg M.C.C. INC.[18] engraver
20 and 50 cent Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s03.070.jpg M.A.C. INC.[18] engraver
1 euro Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s03.100.jpg ELF INC.[18] engraver
2 euro Euro.inscription.engrv.vat.s03.200.jpg M.C.C. INC.[18] engraver

Designer, sculptor and engraver initials on €2 commemorative coins[]

Inscriptions of initials on €2 commemorative coins by year
Country Inscription image Inscription text Name Title
2004
Finland 2euro.2004.finland.jpg M M Pertti Mäkinen (designer)
(mint master)
Greece KK
ΠΓ 		Konstantinos Kazakos
Panagiotis Gravvalos 		designer
Italy 2euro.2004.italy.jpg UP (stylised) engraver
Luxemburg YGC (stylised) Yvette Gastauer-Claire sculptor
San Marino 2euro.2004.sanmarino.jpg E.L.F. engraver
Vatican 2euro.2004.vatican.jpg
2euro.2004.vatican.inc.jpg[16] 		VEROI
L.D.S. INC.[18] 		(designer)
(engraver)
2005
Belgium 2euro.2005.belgium.jpg LL (stylised) Luc Luycx designer
Finland 2euro.2005.finland.jpg K designer
Italy 2euro.2005.italy.jpg M.C.C. engraver
Luxemburg YGC (stylised)
PB (stylised) 		Yvette Gastauer-Claire (sculptor)
(designer)
San Marino 2euro.2005.sanmarino.jpg LDS (stylised) INC.[18] engraver
Vatican 2euro.2005.vatican.jpg
2euro.2005.vatican.inc.jpg[16] 		LONGO
ELF INC.[18] 		(designer)
(engraver)
2006
Finland 2euro.2006.finland.jpg M (the two marks reflect the mirror motif of the coin) mint master
Germany 2euro.2006.germany.jpg HH designer
Italy 2euro.2006.italy.jpg M.C.C. engraver
San Marino 2euro.2006.sanmarino.jpg LDS (stylised) engraver
Vatican 2euro.2006.vatican.jpg
2euro.2006.vatican.inc.jpg 		O.ROSSI
MCC INC.[18] 		(designer)
(engraver)
2007
Germany 2euro.2007.germany.jpg HH designer
Monaco 2euro.2007.monaco.jpg R.B.BARON designer
Portugal 2euro.2007.portugal.jpg[19] I Vilar (signature) Irene Vilar designer
San Marino 2euro.2007.sanmarino.jpg E.L.F. engraver
Vatican 2euro.2007.vatican.jpg
2euro.2007.vatican.inc.jpg 		LONGO
MCC INC.[18] 		(designer)
(engraver)
2008
Finland 2euro.2008.fin.sculp.jpg K sculptor
Germany 2euro.2008.ger.initial.jpg OE (stylised) Erich Ott designer
Italy 2euro.2008.itl.sculp.jpg MCC engraver
Portugal Esc. J. Duarte João Duarte sculptor
San Marino 2euro.2008.san.sculp.jpg[16] E.L.F. engraver
Vatican 2euro.2008.vat.initial.jpg VEROI engraver
2009
Germany FB sculptor
Greece ΓΣ sculptor
Italy M.C.C. engraver
Portugal J.AURÉLIO José Aurélio plastic artist
San Marino A.M. Annalisa Masini engraver
Slovakia PK Pavol Károly engraver
Vatican O. ROSSI
M.C.C. INC. 		(designer)
(engraver)
2010
Germany BB engraver
Greece ΓΣ sculptor
Italy C.M. engraver
Portugal JOSÉ CÂNDIDO José Cândido engraver
San Marino m Roberto Mauri engraver
Vatican VEROI
ELF INC. 		(designer)
(engraver)
2011
Finland V Hannu Veijalainen artist
Germany HH engraver
Italy ELF INC. engraver
Portugal IC - FB Isabel Carriço and Fernando Branco designers
San Marino C.M. engraver
Slovakia MR Miroslav Rónai designer
Vatican O. ROSSI
M.C.C. INC. 		(designer)
(engraver)
2012
Finland T Erja Tielinen sculptor
Germany Π(stylised) Erich Ott engraver
Italy M.C.C. engraver
Portugal JOSÉ DE GUIMARÃES José De Guimarães designer
Vatican G. TITOTTO
LDS INC. 		(designer)
(engraver)
2013
Germany ER (stylised) Eugen Ruhl engraver
Greece ΣtΑΜ (stylised) engraver
Italy m (stylised)
MCC 		Roberto Mauri
 engraver
engraver
Netherlands KЯCL (stylised)
P 		Claudia Linders and Roosje Klap
Pannos Goutzemisis 		designers
Portugal HUGO MACIEL Hugo Maciel designer
San Marino MOMONI engraver
Slovakia mh (stylised) Miroslav Hric designer
Vatican P. DANIELE
M.C.C. INC. 		(sculptor)
(engraver)
2014
Germany OE (stylised) Erich Ott engraver
Greece MA (stylised) Maria Andonatou engraver
Italy LDS (stylised)
C.M.
engraver
engraver
Netherlands P Pannos Goutzemisis designer
Portugal JOSÉ TEIXEIRA José Teixeira designer
San Marino MCC
UP (stylised)
engraver
engraver
Slovakia MP (stylised) Mária Poldaufová designer
Vatican G. TITOTTO
C.M. INC 		(designer)
(engraver)
2015
France .J (stylised) engraver
Germany HH
BW
Bernd Wendhut 		engraver
sculptor
Greece ΓΣ
ΣtΑΜ (stylised) 		engraver
Italy MGU
SP
engraver
engraver
Malta NGB Noel Galea Bason designer
Portugal A.M.
F Fonseca (signature) 		António Marinho
Fernando Fonseca 		designer
designer
San Marino AM
ES 		Annalisa Masini
Erik Spiekermann 		engraver
designer
Slovakia IŘ (stylised) Ivan Řehák designer
Vatican C. PRINCIPE
E.L.F. INC. 		(designer)
(engraver)
2016
Finland K Tapio Kettunen sculptor
Germany JT designer
Greece ΣtΑΜ (stylised) engraver
Italy LDS (stylised) engraver
C.M. engraver
Malta NGB Noel Galea Bason designer
Portugal JOANA VASCONCELOS Joana Vasconcelos designer
San Marino MB Matt Bonaccorsi engraver
Slovakia VP (stylised) Vladimír Pavlica designer
Vatican M. CRISCIOTTI
MOMONI INC.
designer
engraver
D.LONGO
SP INC 		Daniela Longo
 designer
engraver
2017
France .J (stylised) designer
Germany Ch (stylised) designer
Greece ΣtΑΜ (stylised) engraver
Italy LDS (stylised) engraver
C.M. engraver
Malta NGB Noel Galea Bason designer
Portugal LUIS FILIPE DE ABREU Luis Filipe de Abreu designer
San Marino LDS (stylised) designer
A
UP INC. 		Andrew Lewis (designer)
Uliana Pernazza (engraver)
Slovakia MP (stylised) Mária Poldaufová designer
Vatican O.ROSSI
SP INC. (stylised) 		(designer)
(engraver)
G.TITOTTO
MOMONI INC. 		(designer)
(engraver)
2018
Belgium LL (stylised) Luc Luycx designer
France .J (stylised) designer
Germany BB (stylised) designer
Greece ΣtΑΜ (stylised) engraver
Italy UP (stylised) engraver
SP (stylised) engraver
Lithuania JP Justas Petrassi designer
Malta NGB Noel Galea Bason designer
Portugal Eduardo Aires Eduardo Aires designer
San Marino LDS (stylised) designer
A.M. Annalisa Masini designer
Slovakia PK (stylised) Pavol Károly designer
Vatican D.LONGO
C.M. INC. 		Daniela Longo
 designer
engraver
P. DANIELE
V.D.S. INC.
designer
engraver
2019
Belgium LL (stylised) Luc Luycx designer
France .J (stylised) designer
Germany MO (stylised) Michael Otto painter
Greece ΣtΑΜ (stylised) engraver
Italy M.A.C. engraver
Malta NGB Noel Galea Bason designer
Portugal L.F. ABREU Luis Filipe de Abreu designer
pomar (signature) Júlio Pomar designer
San Marino UP (stylised) designer
M.A.C. designer
Slovakia PV (stylised) Peter Valach designer
Vatican D.LONGO
INC. A.M. 		Daniela Longo
Annalisa Masini 		designer
engraver
FUSCO
CASSOL INC. 		Daniela Fusco
 designer
engraver
2020
Belgium LL (stylised) Luc Luycx designer
France .J (stylised) designer
Germany JT (stylised) designer
BB (stylised) designer
Greece ΣtΑΜ (stylised) engraver
Italy LDS (stylised) engraver
Malta NGB Noel Galea Bason designer
Portugal ANDRÉ LETRIA André Letria designer
Esc. J.J. BRITO engraver
San Marino C.M. designer
A.M. Annalisa Masini designer
Slovakia PV (stylised) Peter Valach designer
Vatican D.LONGO
SP. A.M. 		Daniela Longo
 designer
engraver
G.TITOTTO
M.A.C. INC.
designer
engraver
2021
Belgium LL (stylised) Luc Luycx designer
France .J (stylised) designer
Germany MO (stylised) Michael Otto painter
Greece ΣtΑΜ (stylised) engraver
Italy UP (stylised) engraver
C.M. engraver
Malta NGB Noel Galea Bason designer
MAF (stylised) Maria Anna Frisone designer
Portugal EDUARDO AIRES Eduardo Aires designer
F.PROVIDÊNCIA Francisco Providência sculptor
San Marino SP (stylised) designer
VdS Valerio De Seta designer
Slovakia BR (stylised) Branislav Rónai designer
Vatican CP (stylised)
UP. INC. 		Chiara Principe
 designer
engraver
P.DANIELE
A.M. INC.
Annalisa Masini 		designer
engraver

€2 edge inscriptions[]

With each member of the Eurozone comes a set of individual coin designs. Included in the individuality of the national obverse face of the euro coins, whose design is left to the member states, is the edge of the €2 coin. Each member was allowed to design a unique inscription that would appear on the €2 coin's edge. Some of these edge inscriptions are carried over from the coins of the yielded currencies in circulation prior to the introduction of the euro.

Standard issue €2 edge inscriptions[]

Standard €2 edge inscriptions by country
Country Edge inscription Description
Austria Edge austria s01.jpg The sequence "2 EURO ★★★" repeated four times alternately upright and inverted.
Belgium, France, Ireland, Luxembourg, Monaco, Spain 2€ edge inv2.svg2€ edge inv2.svg2€ edge inv2.svg The sequence "2 ★ ★" repeated six times alternately upright and inverted.
Cyprus Edge cyprus s01.jpg The sequence "2 ΕΥΡΩ 2 EURO" repeated twice (2 EURO in Greek and Turkish).
Estonia Estonian 2 euro coin edge (condensed).svg "EESTI ○" (ESTONIA in Estonian) upright and inverted.
Finland Edge finland s01.jpg "SUOMI FINLAND" (FINLAND in Finnish and Swedish, the two official languages in Finland), followed by three lion's heads.
Germany Edge germany s01.jpg "EINIGKEIT UND RECHT UND FREIHEIT" (UNITY AND JUSTICE AND FREEDOM in German), Germany's national motto and the beginning of Germany's national anthem, followed by the Federal Eagle.
Greece Edge greece s01.jpg "ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ ★" (ELLINIKI DIMOKRATIA ★: "HELLENIC REPUBLIC" in Greek).
Italy, San Marino, Vatican Edge com1 s01.jpg The sequence "2 ★" repeated six times alternately upright and inverted.
Latvia 2 eiro LV josta.jpg "DIEVS ★ SVĒTĪ ★ LATVIJU ★" (GOD BLESS LATVIA)
Lithuania 2 euro edge inscription Lithuania.svg "LAISVĖ ★ VIENYBĖ ★ GEROVĖ ★" ("Freedom, Unity, Prosperity" in Lithuanian)
Malta Edge malta s01.jpg The sequence "2✠✠" repeated six times alternately upright and inverted
Netherlands Edge nederland s01.jpg "GOD ★ ZIJ ★ MET ★ ONS ★" (GOD BE WITH US in Dutch). The same lettering had been applied to the larger denomination guilder coins.
Portugal Edge portugal s01.jpg The edge design features the seven castles and five coats of arms also found on the national side, all equally spaced.
Slovakia Edge.slovakia.s01.jpg "SLOVENSKÁ REPUBLIKA" (SLOVAK REPUBLIC in Slovak) with two stars and linden leaf between.
Slovenia Edge slovenia s01.jpg "SLOVENIJA •" (SLOVENIA in Slovene)

Commemorative issue €2 edge inscriptions[]

Generally the edge inscription of a €2 commemorative coin does not change from the standard issue counterpart. There are a few exceptions.

Commemorative €2 edge inscriptions by issue date
Year and Country Edge inscription Description
2005, Finland Inscription.finland.2 euro commemorative.2005.jpg "YK 1945–2005 FN" ("UN 1945–2005 UN" in Finnish and Swedish, the official languages of Finland) followed by three lion's heads. "YK" stands for "Yhdistyneet Kansakunnat" and "FN" stands for "Förenta Nationerna". Issued to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations and Finland's 50 year membership in the UN.[20]
2007, Finland Edge.finland.tor.jpg "ROMFÖRDRAGET 50 ÅR EUROPA" ("TREATY OF ROME 50 YEARS EUROPE" in Swedish, one of the official languages of Finland. The same words in Finnish - "ROOMAN SOPIMUS 50 V EUROOPPA" - appear on the ). Issued to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Rome.[21]

Notes[]

  1. ^ "OJ 2005/ L 186/1" (PDF). Official Journal of the European Union. 18 July 2005.
  2. ^ As applied to the 2008 amended design onward.
  3. ^ a b As applied to the 2007 amended design onward.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Monnaie de Paris "About our mint master's mark"". Archived from the original on 2008-05-05. Retrieved 2007-10-23.
  5. ^ a b c d Coins minted in Finland have "FI", "F" or "S" as the mint mark.
  6. ^ "Lesens, Serge".
  7. ^ "2012-2016) Cat (Bernard Gillard coin catalogue - Buying - Selling - Collecting".
  8. ^ "DPG Media Privacy Gate".
  9. ^ a b "Gijsbertus Willem de Wit (1926-2018)". 11 December 2018.
  10. ^ "Joaquin Jimenez-nomme-graveur-general-des-monnaies". 21 July 2020.
  11. ^ a b c d e The star represents a temporary director.
  12. ^ "Onthulling nieuw Muntmeesterteken".
  13. ^ There are no Monegasque coins issued into general circulation with this mint master mark on them. Coins minted from 2004–2006 were minted in proof quality for collector sets only and none were produced in 2007.
  14. ^ The span between 1999 and 2003 marks the first time in Dutch currency history where five different mint master's marks were used in consecutive years.
  15. ^ "Onthulling nieuw Muntmeesterteken".
  16. ^ a b c d e The image has been rotated 90 degrees clockwise for presentation purposes.
  17. ^ In 1898, Oscar Roty created the famous character of La Semeuse (the Sower) for the silver coins of the 3rd Republic. The 'Sower' is represented on the 10, 20 and 50 cent French euro coins. The original design of that character is attributed to him in this inscription.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w INC is the Italian abbreviation for 'engraver'.
  19. ^ The image has been rotated 90 degrees counter-clockwise for presentation purposes.
  20. ^ 2005 commemorative euro coins from the European Commission
  21. ^ Celebrating 50 years of Europe with the euro from the European Commission

References[]

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