Imperative mandate
The Imperative mandate is a political system in which "representatives enact policies in accordance with mandates and can be recalled by people’s assemblies".[1]
History[]
The imperative mandate goes back to the Middle Ages.[1] It was embraced by the revolutionary assemblies in Paris in 1793[1] but then disregarded by the French National Assembly of 1789.[2][3] It was also rejected in the American Revolution.[1]
It was embraced in the Paris Commune and by the Council Communism movement. As well as by Vladimir Lenin in "The State and Revolution"[4]
Contemporary political movements[]
The Imperative Mandate has been used by the United Democratic Front and Abahlali baseMjondolo in South Africa[5] as well as the Zapatistas in Mexico.[1]
See also[]
- Models of representation
- Delegate model of representation
- Imperative mandate (provision in the Constitution of Ukraine)
- Soviet democracy
References[]
- ^ a b c d e Who’s Afraid of the Imperative Mandate?, Massimiliano Tomba, Critical Times', 1(1), 2018
- ^ Constitutional Culture and Democratic Rule (Murphy Institute Studies in Political Economy) by John Ferejohn, Jack N. Rakove, and , Cambridge University Press, 2010, ISBN 052179370X/ISBN 978-0521793704
- ^ The Remaking of France: The National Assembly and the Constitution of 1791 by , Cambridge University Press, 2002, ISBN 0521893771/ISBN 978-0521893770
- ^ "The State and Revolution - Chapter 3". www.marxists.org. Retrieved 2021-08-16.
- ^ Thinking Freedom in Africa, Michael Neocosmos, Wits University Press, 2016
External links[]
- Report on the imperative mandate and similar practices Venice Commission, 2009
- Who’s Afraid of the Imperative Mandate?, Massimiliano Tomba, Critical Times', 1(1), 2018, pdf
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