Iris orchioides

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Iris orchioides
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Scorpiris
Section: Iris sect. Scorpiris
Species:
I. orchioides
Binomial name
Iris orchioides
Synonyms[1]

Juno orchioides (Carrière)

Iris orchioides, the 'orchid iris,'[2] is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial, from the mountains of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. It has dark green leaves, slender stems, up to 3 yellow flowers in spring. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Description[]

Iris orchioides grows up to 15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in) tall.[3] Its stem is hidden by channeled leaves until the flowers fade.[4] It has between 5-7,[5] dark green,[6] broad leaves that grow up to 6–8 inches tall.[5]

It has up to 3 yellow flowers on its stem.[7] The flowers vary in shading, from deep yellow[4] to creamy-yellow[5] to a translucent pale yellow, between March and May.[3]

It has a big winged haft (the narrow constricted part of the standards (petals) and falls (sepals) near the center of the iris flower)[7] which are about 2-cm (1") wide.[4] It also has hairs on the ridge of the falls (which are very similar in look to a beard (of a bearded iris).[7] It has standards are 1/2 inches wide and linear.[5]

It has cylindrical capsules and seeds without arils.[8] These are similar to Iris bucharica and Iris warleyensis have cubiform seeds,[9]

Taxonomy[]

It is commonly called the 'orchid iris'.[2]

It is called 'Ukrop' in its native Kazakh.[10]

It was first published and described by (French botanist) Élie-Abel Carrière in 'Revue Horticole'(Paris) in 1880).[11]

It was listed in 1995 in 'Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR)' by Czerepanov, S. K.[12]

Iris orchioides is an accepted name by the RHS.[2]

It is often mistakenly, to be a yellow form of Iris bucharica[3] or Iris tienshanica (a synonym of Iris loczyi (Kanitz.))[1] also from Kazakhstan).[10]

'Iris orchioides var. caerulea' (Baker) is a synonym of Iris vicaria (Vved.).[1]

It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 2 October 2014.[13]

It is listed in the Encyclopedia of Life.[14]

Iris orchioides is an accepted name by the RHS.[2]

Distribution and habitat[]

It is native to temperate Asia.[13]

Range[]

It is found in the mountains of Central Asia.[3] It has been found in Tashkent in Uzbekistan[6] and Kyrgyzstan.[4][13]

Habitat[]

It likes the stoney soils of the foothills.[8]

Cultivation[]

It is hardy to USDA Zone 5.[5]

It is best grown in an alpine house of bulb frame.[4]

It prefers to grow in full sun.[5]

Known cultivars[]

  • Iris orchioides 'Sulphurea'

Found in 1990, has canary-yellow flowers.[15]

  • Iris orchioides 'Khirghizian Gold'[16]

Toxicity[]

Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction.[17]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c "Juno orchioides". www.theplantlist.org. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  2. ^ a b c d "Iris orchioides Carrière". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 13 August 2014.
  3. ^ a b c d Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0881927306. OL 8176432M.
  4. ^ a b c d e "IRIS FLEUR-DE-LYS Iridaceae (Iris family)". www.hillkeep.ca. 12 May 2008. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Iris cycloglossa". navigate.botanicgardens.org (Denver Botanic Gardens). Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  6. ^ a b "Iris orchioides". www.signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America). Retrieved 28 August 2014.
  7. ^ a b c "North American Rock Garden Society Fall Newsletter" (PDF). September 2006. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  8. ^ a b British Iris Society (1997)A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation , p. 255, at Google Books
  9. ^ Dykes, W.R. A handbook of Garden Irises. London: Martin Hopkinson Company Ltd. p. 89. ISBN 978-0913728086. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  10. ^ a b Anna PavordThe Naming of Names: The Search for Order in the World of Plants at Google Books
  11. ^ "Iris orchioides". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  12. ^ Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR), p. 281, at Google Books
  13. ^ a b c "Iris orchioides". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  14. ^ "Iris orchioides". eol.org. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  15. ^ "(Spec) 'Orchioides Sulphurea [sic]'". wiki.irises.org. 3 December 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  16. ^ "Iris a orchioides KHIRGHIZIAN GOLD (Code: 386)". rarebulbs.lv. 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  17. ^ David G Spoerke and Susan C. SmolinskeToxicity of Houseplants, p. 236, at Google Books

Other sources[]

  • Czerepanov, S. K. 1995. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR). [= Juno orchioides (Carrière) Vved.].
  • Khassanov, F. O. & N. Rakhimova. 2012. Taxonomic revision of the genus Iris L. (Iridaceae Juss.) for the flora of Central Asia. Stapfia 97:177.
  • Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
  • Mathew, B. 1981. The Iris. 157–158.

External links[]

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