Iris rosenbachiana
Iris rosenbachiana | |
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Iris rosenbachiana in Gothenburg Botanical Garden | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Order: | Asparagales |
Family: | Iridaceae |
Genus: | Iris |
Subgenus: | Iris subg. Scorpiris |
Section: | Iris sect. Scorpiris |
Species: | I. rosenbachiana
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Binomial name | |
Iris rosenbachiana | |
Synonyms[1] | |
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Iris rosenbachiana, the spinster iris, is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia, within Tajikistan and Afghanistan. It has long mid-green leaves, short flower stem, sweet scented flowers in early spring in shades of purple.
Description[]
Iris rosenbachiana is thought to be in the same 'physocaulon' group of junos, along with , , , , and Iris zaprjagajevii. They all have short thick storage tubers which come to a point, and they have an extra side bulb in addition to the bulb which produces the flowers and leaves.[2]
It has lance-shaped, channelled, mid-green leaves formed from a basal tuft.[3] The multiple leaves,[2] grow at the same time as the short flower stem.[4][5]
It grows up between to 10–15 cm (4–6 in) tall.[3][6]
It has deeply sweet scented flowers.[5]
It has between 1–3 flowers per stem,[6] which are long tubed and about 4–5 cm (1.5–2 in) wide.[3]
This iris is one of the first Juno irises to appear in mild winters of Washington, D.C., in the US, flowering in late February,[4] but it can also flower in March in USDA Zone 7 gardens.[7] In the UK, it blooms between March and April.[8]
The flowers are variable in colour, but are generally of rosy lavender with markings of darker purple and gold,[4] but they can range from deep purple,[9] deep rich purple,[7] light purple,[5] pale mauve to white.[6][10]
It has small down-turned rich purple standards and reddish purple falls, each with an orange,[7][6][9] or yellow ridge or crest in the centre.[3][5]
It has yellow-orange pollen.[10]
This iris has a seed that has an aril.[6]
Taxonomy[]
It is sometimes known as the Spinster iris.[11]
It was first published by Regel in 'Trudy Imperatorskago St. Peterburgskago Botaniceskago Sada' Vol3 in 1884.[12][13]
The specific epithet rosenbachiana is derived from that of the Russian governor of Turkestan where the bulb was found,[14] Nikolai Rozenbakh (1804 – 1889).
Iris rosenbachiana is now the accepted name by the RHS,[15] it was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 3 October 2014.[13]
Note, Iris rosenbachiana var. baldshuanica is a synonym of .[16]
Native[]
Iris rosenbachiana is found in Central Asia,[7][5][13] within North Afghanistan.[6] It has been found in the Pamir-Alai mountains at altitudes of up to 2000 m above sea level,[9] and it has also been found in the Hissar Mountains,[2] and Fann Mountains in Tadjikistan.[13][17]
Cultivation[]
This species is similar to both in cultural requirements and form.[8]
It prefers to grow in well-drained soils, that have a stony composition including dolomitic lime dust. They like summer drought and well ventilated positions.[2] It is difficult to grow outside in the UK, so best cultivated in an alpine house or bulb frame.[3]
Known Cultivars[]
- Iris rosenbachiana 'Harangon' - large white flowers[7][18]
- Iris rosenbachiana 'Tovil Dara' - dark purple flowers from Tovil Dara town in Tadjikistan.[7][18]
- Iris rosenbachiana 'Varzob' - cream coloured flowers from Tadjikistan.[7][18]
References[]
- ^ "Iris rosenbachiana Regel is an accepted name". theplantlist.org. 23 March 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ a b c d Kurtz, Jim (20 March 2007). "Iris-rosenbachiana". www.signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America). Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ a b c d e Christopher Bricknell, ed. (1994) [1989]. Gardeners' Encyclopedia of Plants and Flowers (2nd ed.). Dorling Kindersley. p. 523. ISBN 9780751301472.
- ^ a b c Benjamin Yeo Morrison Garden Irises, p. 26, at Google Books
- ^ a b c d e Drinkwater, Robyn (16 March 2010). "Two early Juno's". stories.rbge.org.uk. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f Cassidy, G.E.; Linnegar, S. (1987). Growing Irises (Revised ed.). Bromley: Christopher Helm. p. 80. ISBN 0-88192-089-4.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Juno irises J-R". www.pacificbulbsociety.org. 11 May 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ a b Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0881927306. OL 8176432M.
- ^ a b c "Iris rosenbachiana". encyclopaedia.alpinegardensociety.net. 2011. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ a b "Iris rosenbachiana". rareplants.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ Donald Wyman Wyman's Gardening Encyclopedia, p. 577, at Google Books
- ^ "Iris". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). p. 143. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ a b c d "Iris rosenbachiana". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 7 February 2018.
- ^ Dykes, W.R. A handbook of Garden Irises. London: Martin Hopkinson Company Ltd. p. 60. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
- ^ "Iris rosenbachiana". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ "Iris rosenbachiana var. baldshuanica". gbif.org (Catalogue of Life). Archived from the original on 1 November 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ Gardner, Chris (23 March 2011). "Flowers of the Silk Road". blogspot.co.uk. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ a b c "IRIS (Reticulata)". litbulbgarden.com. August 2013. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
Other sources[]
- Czerepanov, S. K. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR). 1995 (L USSR)
- Khassanov, F. O. & N. Rakhimova 2012. Taxonomic revision of the genus Iris L. (Iridaceae Juss.) for the flora of Central Asia (Stapfia) 97:179.
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964 (F USSR)
- Mathew, B. The Iris. 1981 (Iris) 164.
- Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963- (F Iran)
External links[]
- image of Iris rosenbachiana 'Harangon'
- Image of Iris rosenbachiana 'Harangon'
- Image of Iris rosenbachiana 'Darwas'
- Images of all three cultivars
- Media related to Iris rosenbachiana at Wikimedia Commons
- Data related to Iris rosenbachiana at Wikispecies
- Iris (plant)
- Plants described in 1884
- Flora of Central Asia
- Flora of Afghanistan