Jadwiga of Kalisz

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Jadwiga of Kalisz
Jadwiga Kaliska seal.PNG
Seal of Queen Jadwiga
Queen consort of Poland
Tenure1320 – c. 1333
Coronation30 January 1320
Bornc. 1266
Died10 December 1339 (aged 72–73)
Burial
Clarissine convent in Stary Sącz
SpouseLadislaus the Short
IssueKunigunde, Duchess of Świdnica
Casimir III of Poland
Elizabeth, Queen of Hungary
HousePiast
FatherBolesław the Pious
MotherYolanda of Hungary

Jadwiga of Kalisz (Polish: Jadwiga Bolesławówna; 1266 – 10 December 1339) was a Queen of Poland by marriage to Ladislaus the Short. She was the mother of the last Piast King of Poland, Casimir III.

She was the second of three daughters born to Bolesław the Pious and Saint Yolanda of Hungary. In 1293, Jadwiga married Ladislaus I of Poland.[1]

Life[]

Jadwiga's husband, Ladislaus (Polish: Władysław, known as the "Short" and the "Elbow-high"), was a bitter rival of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia who was King of Poland between 1291–1305. Life was dangerous for Jadwiga and her family during this time, she and three of her children had to go into hiding for a while in 1300. In 1305, Wenceslaus II died and was succeeded by his son, Wenceslaus III of Bohemia. Wenceslaus III reigned for a year before he was assassinated by Germans under mysterious circumstances so his campaign of Poland ended. His wife, Viola of Teschen, had not borne him any children, so Ladislaus assumed control in Poland.

In 1318, Ladislaus began making attempts to have himself crowned king. The pope, though initially unwilling, finally granted his approval and Ladislaus and Jadwiga were crowned King and Queen of Poland on 30 January 1320 in Kraków; a new crown was made for the new queen and it was later used to crown other queens of Poland. The coronation was a sign that he had overcome Poland's internal fragmentation and re-united and re-instated the country as an independent kingdom under his rule. Poland now needed friends abroad; so in 1320, Jadwiga and Władysław's daughter Elizabeth (1305–1380) married Charles I of Hungary. Jadwiga played an active part in politics during her husband's reign.

In addition to Elizabeth, Ladislaus and Jadwiga had five other children: Stephen (d. 1306), Władysław (d. 1311/1312), Kunigunde (c. 1298-1331), Casimir (1310–1370), and Jadwiga (d. 1320/1322). Queen Jadwiga assumed the regency of Stary Sącz in 1334 when Constance of Świdnica, her granddaughter by Kunigunde, resigned to become a nun.[2]

Her husband died in 1333. Jadwiga lived until 1339.

In popular culture[]

Film[]

Jadwiga of Kalisz is a primary character in the first season of the Polish historical drama Korona królów ("The Crown of the Kings").

Ancestors[]

References[]

  1. ^ Cawley, Charles, Profile of Władysław, Medieval Lands database, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy,[self-published source][better source needed]
  2. ^ Women in Power 1300–1350 (scroll down the page)
Jadwiga of Kalisz
House of Piast
Born: 1266 Died: 10 December 1339
Royal titles
Vacant
Title last held by
Viola of Teschen
Queen consort of Poland
1320–1333
Succeeded by
Aldona of Lithuania
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