Jalia Kaibarta
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Jalia Kaibarta (or Jaliya Kaibartta, or: Jāliya Kaibbarta, possibly also: Jalia Kaibartya) is a community comprising people of low ritual status, fishermen, who later acquired respectable caste identities within the larger Hindu fold, helped by their commercial prosperity and Vaishnavite affiliations, through Sanskritisation.[1] They are traditionally engaged in the occupation of fishing and originally belonged to Assam, West Bengal, Odisha and eastern Bihar along with Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan. The Kaibartas were initially considered a single tribe divided into two groups, Jaliya and Haliya Kaibarta. Jaliya Kaibartas are categorised as a Scheduled Caste.[2][3][4] They are recognised as Schedule Caste in Assam under the name Jal Keot or Kaibarta.[5][6]
In Brahmavaivarta, a Kaibarta is said to be born to a Kshatriya father and a Vaishya mother, while other consider Kaibarta to be a Hinduised word of Kevatta which refer to a class of fishermens in the Budhhist Jatakas.[7]
The first proto-Assamese manuscript, in the form of Caryapādas, was written by a Buddhist priest, known in Tibetan language as Lui-pā, who is identified with Matsyendranātha, a member of the fishermen community of ancient Kāmarūpa, which later became Kaibartas.[8][9]
Notable People[]
- Hima Das, Indian sprinter from Assam, National record holder and Gold medalist in Asian Games and IAAF World U20 Championships in 400 metres
See also[]
Notes[]
- ^ The census of 1901 interpreted the act of renaming as a ‘‘refusal of those at the bottom of the social scale to acquiesce in the humble positions assigned to them.’’. For Assam’s Dom fisher caste, previously at the lowest end of the ritual hierarchy, this refusal took the form of claims to Aryanist belonging through the new names of Nadiyal and Kaibarta. In colonial Assam the upper echelons of Dom society succeeded for the most part in acquiring new, respectable caste identities within the larger Hindu fold, helped by commercial prosperity and Vaishnavite affliations. Sharma, Jayeeta. Empire's Garden: Assam and the Making of India (PDF). Duke University Press. p. 214.
- ^ Atal, Yogesh (1981). Building A Nation (Essays on India). Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd. p. 118. ISBN 978-8-12880-664-3.
- ^ Venkatesh Salagrama; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (30 December 2006). Trends in Poverty and Livelihoods in Coastal Fishing Communities of Orissa State, India. Food & Agriculture Org. p. 80. ISBN 978-92-5-105566-3. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
- ^ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (1997). Local Politics and Indian Nationalism: Midnapur (1919-1944). New Delhi: Manohar. pp. 62–67.
- ^ India Commissioner for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (1969). Report. Manager, Government of India Press. p. 122. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
- ^ Indian Association of Social Science Institutions Quarterly. Indian Association of Social Science Institutions. 2003. pp. 104, 111. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
- ^ Dutta 1985, p. 35.
- ^ Dasgupta, Shashibhushan (1946). Obscure Religious Cults, Calcutta University Press, Calcutta, p. 384-385, Internet Archive copy; third edition: Firma KLM Private Limited, Calcutta 1960, Internet Archive copy; fifth edition: Firma KLM Private Limited, Calcutta 1995, ISBN 81-7102-020-8
- ^ Ayyappapanicker, K. & Akademi, Sahitya (1997). Medieval Indian literature: an anthology, Volume 3. Sahitya Akademi. ISBN 81-260-0365-0, ISBN 978-81-260-0365-5, [1] (accessed: Friday March 5, 2010)
References[]
- Dutta, Shristidhar (1985). The Mataks and their Kingdom. Allahabad: Chugh publication.
- Indian castes
- Fishing castes
- Ethnic groups in Odisha
- Scheduled Castes of Assam
- Scheduled Castes of West Bengal