Japan National Route 1

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National Route 1 shield
National Route 1
国道1号
Route information
Length760.9 km[1] (472.8 mi)
Existed4 December 1952–present
Major junctions
East end National Route 4 / National Route 15 / National Route 17 in Nihonbashi, Chūō, Tokyo
  National Route 42
National Route 255
National Route 134
National Route 129
National Route 467
National Route 16 / National Route 133
West end National Route 2 / National Route 176 in Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka
Highway system
National highways of Japan
Expressways of Japan
← National Route 507→ National Route 2

National Route 1 (国道1号, Kokudō Ichi-gō) is a major highway on the island of Honshū in Japan. It connects Chūō, Tokyo in the Kantō region with the city of Osaka, Osaka Prefecture in the Kansai region, passing through the Chūbu region en route. It follows the old Tōkaidō westward from Tokyo to Kyoto, and the old Kyo Kaidō from there to Osaka. Between Tokyo and Aichi Prefecture it parallels the Tomei Expressway; from there to Mie Prefecture, the Higashi-Meihan Expressway, and from Shiga Prefecture to Osaka, the Meishin Expressway. It has a total length of 760.9 kilometers (472.8 mi). At its eastern terminus in Nihonbashi, Chūō, Tokyo, it meets National Routes 4, 6, 14, 15, 17, and 20. At its western terminus in Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka, it links with Routes 2, 25, 26 and other highways.

National Route 1 links Tokyo to the important prefectural capitals of Yokohama (Kanagawa Prefecture), Shizuoka, Nagoya (Aichi Prefecture), Otsu (Shiga Prefecture), Kyoto, and Osaka.[2][3] It is the modern incarnation of the pre-modern Tōkaidō.

Route description[]

National Route 1 and the Tōmei Expressway traveling parallel to one another on the shore of Suruga Bay near Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture

The main line of National Route 1 has a length of 638.4 kilometers (396.7 mi). When bypasses signed as National Route 1 are included, its total distance increases to 777.9 kilometers (483.4 mi).[4] Out of all of the national highways of Japan, it is the second longest land-based route after National Route 4,[5] though National Route 58 is the longest route when seabound routes are factored in.[6]

The highway's origin and eastern terminus lies at Nihonbashi in Tokyo's Chūō ward. At Nihonbashi it meets national routes 4, 6, 14, 15, 17, and 20. The highway passes through the cities of Kawasaki, Yokohama, Odawara, Numazu, Shizuoka, Hamamatsu, Nagoya, Yokkaichi, Ōtsu, and Kyoto. Its endpoint and western terminus lies in the Umeda district of Osaka's Kita ward. In Umeda, it has a junction with national routes 2, 26, 163, 165, 25, and 176.[4]

Overlapping sections[]

  • In Chuo: Route 15
  • From the origin to Chiyoda (Sakuradamon intersection): Route 20
  • In Yokohama City, from Takashima-cho intersection to Hamamatsucho intersection: Route 16
  • From Odawara City to Hakone Town (Miyanoshita intersection): Route 138
  • From Hamamatsu City (Shinohara intersection) to Kosai City (Okurado IC): Route 42

History[]

See also: Tōkaidō (road)

National Route 1 was preceded by the Tōkaidō between Tokyo to Kyoto, and the old Kyo Kaidō from Kyoto to Osaka. The road's construction was order by the first shōgun of the Edo period, Tokugawa Ieyasu. It served to link the old capital of Japan, Kyoto, to Tokugawa's new capital, Edo. The Tōkaidō's post stations, known in Japanese as shukuba, were captured by the printmaker Utagawa Hiroshige in his ukiyo-e prints, The Fifty-three Stations of the Tōkaidō.[7]

In 1919, the first Road Act was passed, establishing a highway also called National Route 1 between Tokyo and the city of Shingū in Wakayama Prefecture partially along the current route.[8] On 4 December 1952 the route was designated by the Cabinet of Japan as Primary National Highway 1 between Tokyo and Osaka, establishing the highway almost entirely along its current routing. On 1 April 1965 the route was redesignated as General National Route 1.[9]

Junction list[]

All junctions listed are at-grade intersections unless noted otherwise.

PrefectureLocationkmmiDestinationsNotes
TokyoChuo National Route 4 north – Asakusabashi, AomoriHighway continues beyond eastern terminus as a concurrency of several national routes
Nihonbashi Bridge (Inner Circular Route)Eastern terminus of National Route 1; no direct access to Inner Circular Route
S10 National Route 15 – to Harumi Route, Ginza, Minamisuna, Western end of National Route 15 concurrency
Chiyoda – Kitaikebekuro, Shibuya
 – Kudanshita, Kokyomae
National Route 20 – Shinjuku, HanzomonWestern end of National Route 20 concurrency
Minato – Tameike, Shinbashi
 – Roppongi
/
NR 15  – to National Route 15,
 – Ebisu /  – Tameike, Furukawabashi
 – Meguro
ShinagawaC1S2 Meguro Route north – to Inner Circular RouteTogoshi entrance and exit; entrance to northbound expressway, exit from southbound expressway
 – Ohashi, Osaki
 – Shinagawa
 –
 – Musashikoyoma
Ota – Omori
 – Kamata, Shimo-Maruko Station
KanagawaKawasaki National Route 409 (Tokyo-Wan Aqua-Line Expressway) – Ukishima, Kosugi, Mizonokuchi
(Tomei Expressway) – , Kawasaki Station
Yokohama – Tsunashima, Tsurumi Station
NR 15  – to National Route 15, Kikuna
 –
National Route 1 (Yokohama Bypass) – Odawara, TotsukaInterchange; eastbound exit and westbound entrance
 –
National Route 15 – Kawasaki, Tsurumi
National Route 16 – Yokosuka, SakuragichoEastern end of National Route 16 concurrency
National Route 16 – Sagamihara, YokosukaWestern end of National Route 16 concurrency
 – Kamakura
E1  Yokohama–Yokosuka Road – to Tōmei Expressway, Yokosuka, HachiōjiKariba Interchange
 – Sakuragicho,
National Route 16 – Isogo
– Hino, Shin-Yokohama, Higashi-Totsuka Station
National Route 1 west (Yokohama Bypass) – Odawara, Fujisawa
 – Seya
east – KaminagayaEastern end of Kanagawa Prefecture Route 22 concurrency
E83 (Chōgo Kaidō) west – to Yokohama Shindō, IseharaWestern end of Kanagawa Prefecture Route 22 concurrency
National Route 1 (Yokohama Bypass)Interchange; eastbound exit and westbound entrance
 – Ofuna, Interchange
 – Enoshima, FujisawaInterchange westbound; at-grade intersection eastbound
Fujisawa National Route 467Interchange; no exits
 – Atsugi,
C4  Shin-Shōnan Bypass west – to Ken-Ō Expressway, Odawara, HiratsukaNo access from Shin-Shōnan Bypass to westbound National Route 1; Fujisawa Interchange
Chigasaki (Old Tōkaidō) east – EnoshimaEastern end of Kanagawa Prefecture Route 44 concurrency
west – Atsugi, IseharaWestern end of Kanagawa Prefecture Route 44 concurrency
NR 134 (Itchu-dōri) – to National Route 134,
Shin-Shōnan Bypass – Yokohama, FujisawaAccess only to eastbound traffic and from westbound traffic; Chigasaki-nishi Interchange
NR 134  – to National Route 134, Enoshima, Samukawa
HiratsukaNR 134 National Route 129 – to National Route 134, Atsugi
north – Hadano, Isehara
NR 134  – to National Route 134, Isehara
Oiso – HadanoEastern end of Kanagawa Prefecture Route 62 concurrency
NR 134  – to National Route 134
 – 		Western end of Kanagawa Prefecture Route 62 concurrency
National Route 134 – Kamakura, Enoshima
Seishō Bypass
 – to Odawara-Atsugi Road, Isehara
Ninomiya to Odawara-Atsugi Road / to Tomei Expressway – Hadano / Seisho Bypass
Odawara – Matsuda, Nakai
Seishō Bypass – , YokohamaInterchange
to Tomei Expressway – Matsuda / Seisho Bypass
/ Seisho Bypass – Yokohama
Seishō Bypass – Odawara, YokohamaInterchange
National Route 138 west / National Route 255 north – Matsuda, Odawara StationEastern end of unsigned National Route 138 concurrency
National Route 135 – Atami, Yugawara / – Odawara Station
Seishō Bypass to Odawara-Atsugi Road / to Hakone Toll RoadInterchange
Hakone – Yugawara
–
National Route 138 – Gotenba, Western end of unsigned National Route 138 concurrency
– Gora
– , Owakudani
– Gotenba,
– Odawara,
to Hakone Toll Road – Yagawara
National Route 1 (Hakone Toll Road) – OdawaraInterchange
– Atami / Ashinoko Skyline –
ShizuokaMishimaShin-Tomei Expressway – to Tōmei Expressway
– Central Mishima
National Route 136 – Shimoda, Izu City / – SusonoInterchange
/ – Mishima Station
Interchange
Numazu National Route 246 – to Tomei Expressway, Shin-Tomei Expressway Gotemba
– Numazu Station /
– Katahama Station
– Hara Station
Fuji
National Route 139 – Central Fuji, Interchange
National Route 139 – Central Fuji,
– Fujinomiya
ShizuokaFujikawaInterchange
KanbaraInterchange
National Route 1 () – Okitsu Station / National Route 52 – Kofu, MinobuInterchange
to / to Tomei Expressway, Shin-Tomei Expressway / Miho,
National Route 149 – Miho, Shimizu Port / – Shimizu Station
– to Tomei Expressway, / to – Hamamatsu
– Miho,
– to
National Route 362 – Kawanehon / Toro Ruins
/
National Route 1 () – Numazu, FujiInterchange
(Utsunoya Pass)
Fujieda–Shizuoka border
Fujieda Shin-Tōmei Expressway – Nagoya, Tokyo
E1 east – to Tōmei Expressway, Yaizu, Okabe		Hirohata Interchange
– Central Fujieda, AsahinaInterchange
– Nishigata, Central FujiedaInterchange
– Central Fujieda, SetonoyaInterchange
Shimada National Route 1 () – Airport, Numazu, Shizuoka, Shimada StationInterchange
Central ShimadaInterchange
KawanehonInterchange
National Route 473 – Kawanehon, AirportInterchange
National Route 1 () – Hamamatsu, KakegawaInterchange
Kakegawa
National Route 1 () – ShizuokaInterchange
National Route 1 () – Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Fukuroi, ShizuokaInterchange
– Kurami, Central KakegawaInterchange
– Mori, Central KakegawaInterchange
Fukuroi – Harakawa
National Route 1 () – Shizuoka, ShimadaInterchange; eastbound exit and westbound entrance
– Aino Station, ECOPA Stadium
– Central Fukuroi
to Tomei Expressway – Mori, Central FukuroiInterchange
Central FukuroiInterchange
Iwata National Route 1 () – Nagoya, HamamatsuInterchange; westbound exit and eastbound entrance
– Tomei Expressway, Central Iwata, Fukude Fishing PortInterchange
– Fukude, Central Iwata
– Tenryu, Iwata StationInterchange
National Route 1 ()Interchange
 – Central IwataInterchange
Hamamatsu – HamakitaInterchange
National Route 152 – Central Hamamatsu / to Tomei Expressway – TenryuInterchange
National Route 150 – Central Hamamatsu
– Maisaka Station
National Route 150 to – Omaezaki / Central Hamamatsu
– Central Hamamatsu
National Route 1 () – Nagoya, ToyohashiInterchange; eastbound exit and westbound entrance
National Route 257 – Tenryu, Hamamatsu Station
– Toyohashi, Hosoe
Kosai –
National Route 301 – Mikkabi, Central Kosai
National Route 42 – Toyohashi, Kosai
National Route 1 () – Shizuoka, HamamatsuInterchange
National Route 42 – Central Kosai
AichiToyohashi
/
National Route 23 – Gamgagori / National Route 255 – Iragomisaki
– Toyohashi Station / to Tomei Expressway – Toyokawa
Toyokawa National Route 151 / National Route 247
/
Okazaki National Route 473East end of National Route 473 concurrency
National Route 473West end of National Route 473 concurrency
Tomei Expressway – OkazakiInterchange
– Higashi-Okazaki Station
– Asuke / – Kota
National Route 248 – Toyota, Gamagori
– Central Anjo
– Nishio, Toyota
Anjo – Central Anjo, Toyota
– Toyota, Mikawa-Anjo Station
Chiryu – Toyota, TakahamaInterchange
National Route 155 – to Isewangan Expressway, Tomei ExpresswayInterchange
Toyoake National Route 23 / Nagoya Expressway, to Isewangan Expressway – Tsu, YokkaichiInterchange; westbound exit and eastbound entrance
– Seto, TojoInterchange; southbound traffic access only; no access to Prefectural Route 57 south
Nagoya
– Obu / Arimatsu Station
C2 E1ANR 19NR 23NR 153NR 247 National Route 302 (Nagoya Second Belt Highway) – to Mei-Nikan Expressway, Isewangan Expressway, National Route 19, National Route 23, National Route 153, National Route 247, Tajimi, Gamagōri, Toyota, Tokoname, Kamiyashiro
E1ANR 153  – to Central Japan Airport, Isewangan Expressway, National Route 153, Nagoya Interchange, Tōkai
Airport Route – to National Route 41, Komaki, Tsuruma Park
 – National Highway Office
National Route 19 north / National Route 22 north – Gifu, Tajimi
National Route 247 south – Handa, Tokai
Nagoya Expressway – Rokuban, Nagoya Station / Nagoya PortInterchange
– /
E1A C2NR 22NR 23 National Route 302 (Nagoya Second Belt Highway) – to Isewangan Expressway, Mei-Nikan Expressway, Nagoya Expressway, National Route 22, National Route 23, Gifu, TobishimaInterchange
Kanie – Central Kanie
south
north
E23  – to Higashi-Meihan Expressway
E1ANR 23 south – to Isewangan Expressway, National Route 23 Ichinomiya		Interchange
southEastern end of Aichi Prefecture Route 462 concurrency
Aisai north – Eiwa StationWestern end of Aichi Prefecture Route 462 concurrency
Yatomi – Aisai
E23 National Route 155 north (Yatomi Bypass) – to Higashi-Meihan Expressway, Ichinomiya, Tsushima
south		Eastern end of Aichi Prefecture Route 105 concurrency
/ northWestern end of Aichi Prefecture Route 105 concurrency
E23 north – to Higashi-Meihan Expressway, Ichinomiya, Tsushima
Mie–Aichi border (east span)
MieKuwanaE1A E23NR 23  – to Isewangan Expressway, Higashi-Meihan Expressway, National Route 23, Nagashima Spa, Gifu
west
north – Kaizu
(west span)
south
NR 258  – to National Route 258, Tōin
east – Kuwana Post Office
NR 23 National Route 258 – to National Route 23, Isewangan Expressway, Higashi-Meihan Expressway, OgakiInterchange
Asahi
E1A E23 National Route 1 (Hokusei Bypass) – to Isewangan Expressway, Higashi-Meihan Expressway, National Route 23, KawagoeInterchange
Kawagoe – Tōin
to Higashi-Meihan Expressway / –
Yokkaichi National Route 365 – Seigahara, Yunoyamaonsen
National Route 164 – Yokkaichi Port
/
National Route 25 – to National Route 23, Shiohama, Tsu, Suzuka
– Sasagawa, Central Suzuka /
Suzuka – , Central Suzuka
to Higashi-Meihan Expressway – Central Suzuka
NR 23  – to National Route 23, Suzuka Circuit
/ Central Suzuka, Suzuka CircuitInterchange
Kameyama National Route 306 /
To Interchange
Interchange
National Route 25 – to Shin-Meishin Expressway, Higashi-Meihan Expressway, Ise Expressway, OsakaInterchange
National Route 25 – Iga
Shiga–Mie border
ShigaKoka
/
National Route 307Interchange
National Route 307Interchange; eastbound exit and westbound entrance
/
Konan National Route 1 ()
/ Prefectural Route 113
National Route 1 ()
/
Ritto–Konan border Meishin ExpresswayInterchange
Ritto National Route 8 – Tsuruga, OmihachimanEastern end of National Route 8 concurrency; interchange
 – Shigaraki
– / Shigaraki
– Moriyama
Kusatsu–Ritto border
Kusatsu /
E1 E1A National Route 1 west (Keiji Bypass) – to Osaka, Meishin Expressway, Shin-Meishin Expressway
E88  – to Keiji Bypass, Shigaraki
National Route 422 south – Uji
north (Kogan Road)
E1 south – to Meishin Expressway, Central Ōtsu, , Ōtsu Station, Shiga Prefecture OfficeInterchange
National Route 161 north () – Tsuruga, Takashima
KyotoKyoto Meishin Expressway – Osaka, Nagoya
west – Okazaki		Kyoto-higashi Interchange (E1 exit 32)
 – Keage,
 – Yamashinaekimaen, Uji, Nara
(Shibutani Road)
 – Nara
 – ,
National Route 8 ends / National Route 9 ends
National Route 24 south – Kyoto Station
National Route 367 north – Ohara		Western end of National Route 8 concurrency, eastern end of National Route 9 concurrency
E9 National Route 9 west – to Kyoto Jūkan Expressway, Fukuchiyama, Nishiojigojo
north – Kamigamo		Western end of National Route 9 concurrency
E9  – to Kyoto Jūkan Expressway, Higashiyama, Nishioji
NR 24 east – to National Route 24, Nara
 – Shichijo-omiya
National Route 171 – Kobe, Nishiojigojo
Meishin Expressway – Osaka, NagoyaKyoto-minami Interchange (E1 exit 33-1)
 –
 – /  – Yodo
 – Kongetsukyo, Nagokakyo
E88 National Route 478 – to Keiji Bypass, Uji, Oyamazaki
NR 24  – to National Route 24, Uji, Yodo
 – Uji, Yodo
Yawata – Uji, Yodo
 – Central Yawata
 – Kyotanabe / Central Yawata
 – Kyotanabe /  – Central Yawata
 – Nagao
 – Kyotanabe, Central Yawata
OsakaHirakata
 – Nagao, Central Hirakata
 –
National Route 307 – Kyotanabe /  – Central Hirataka
National Route 168 – Oji /
National Route 170 – Takatsuki, Interchange eastbound; at-grade intersection westbound; east end of National Route 170 concurrency
National Route 170 – Kawachinagano, Neyagawa, Central HiratakaInterchange westbound; at-grade intersection eastbound; west end of National Route 170 concurrency
National Route 120 – Kawachinagano, Neyagawa
Neyagawa – /
 – Settsu
MoriguchiH12  – to Hanshin Expressway Moriguchi Route
 – to , Sakai /  – Neyagawa
Osaka – /  – Kadoma
National Route 163 – Kizugawa City, / Miyakojimahondori
 – Nara, Daito
National Route 25 – Imazato
 – Tennoji Station /
H1 Hanshin Expressway Loop Route – Moriguchi
National Route 423 – to National Route 25, Namba, Shin-Osaka Station
National Route 2 west – Kobe, Nodahanshin
National Route 25 – Namba, Yodoyabashi, Toyonaka, Osaka Station		Western terminus of National Route 1; highway continues west as National Route 2
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
  •       Concurrency terminus
  •       Incomplete access
  •       Route transition

See also[]

Gallery[]

  • Nihonbashi, Tokyo terminus

  • Route 1 passes in front of the Imperial Palace in Tokyo.

  • In Kyoto, Route 1 passes in front of Tō-ji.

  • Western terminus of Route 1 in Umeda

  • Route 1 heading through Shiba towards Tokyo Tower


References[]

  1. ^ "一般国道の路線別、都道府県別道路現況" [Road statistics by General National Highway route and prefecture] (PDF) (in Japanese). Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  2. ^ 一般国道１号 (in Japanese). Kinki Regional Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  3. ^ 一般国道１号 (in Japanese). Kinki Regional Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b "一般国道の路線別、都道府県別道路現況" (PDF) (in Japanese). Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  5. ^ "起点から終点まで走ったことはある？ "長距離国道"TOP3" [Have you ever driven from the origin to the end? Top 3 "Long-distance national highways"] (in Japanese). Toyo Tire Corporation. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
  6. ^ "身近な道路が実は"日本一"!?日本一の国道を走ろう！（その1）" [The familiar road is actually the best in Japan!? Let's drive on the best national road in Japan! (Part 1)]. On the Road (in Japanese). Toyo Tire Corporation. 29 October 2019. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  7. ^ Leanne (8 May 2020). "Travelling Hiroshige's "The 53 Stations of Tokaido" Road". Voyagpon. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
  8. ^ "東海道の起源" [Origin of the Tōkaidō] (in Japanese). Shizuoka National Highway Office. 12 March 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
  9. ^ "一般国道の路線を指定する政令" [Cabinet Order Designating General National Routes]. Act of 1965 (in Japanese). Cabinet of Japan. Retrieved 12 December 2020 – via Wikisource.

External links[]

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