Joachim Albrecht Eggeling
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Joachim Albrecht Eggeling | |
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![]() Joachim Albrecht Eggeling, 1936 | |
Gauleiter of Halle-Merseburg | |
In office 20 April 1937 – 15 April 1945 | |
Appointed by | Adolf Hitler |
Preceded by | Rudolf Jordan |
Succeeded by | Position abolished |
Oberpräsident of Halle-Merseburg | |
In office 18 August 1944 – 15 April 1945 | |
Preceded by | Position created |
Succeeded by | Position abolished |
Acting Gauleiter of Magdeburg-Anhalt | |
In office 23 October 1935 – 20 April 1937 | |
Appointed by | Adolf Hitler |
Preceded by | Wilhelm Friedrich Loeper |
Succeeded by | Rudolf Jordan |
Deputy Gauleiter of Magdeburg-Anhalt | |
In office 1933 – 10 February 1936 | |
Preceded by | Paul Hofmann |
Succeeded by | Rudolf Trautmann |
Personal details | |
Born | Blankenburg am Harz, Duchy of Brunswick, German Empire | 30 November 1884
Died | 15 April 1945 Moritzburg Castle, Halle, Nazi Germany | (aged 60)
Cause of death | Suicide |
Political party | Nazi Party (NSDAP) |
Occupation | Soldier Agriculturist |
Military service | |
Allegiance | ![]() |
Branch/service | ![]() |
Years of service | 1904-1919 |
Rank | Hauptmann |
Unit | 10th Hanoverian Jäger Battalion |
Battles/wars | World War I |
Awards | Iron Cross |
Joachim Albrecht Leo Eggeling (30 November 1884 – 15 April 1945) was the German Nazi Gauleiter of Halle-Merseburg and the Oberpräsident (High President) of the Province of Halle-Merseburg. He was also an SS-Obergruppenführer.
Early years[]
Eggeling was born in Blankenburg am Harz in the Duchy of Brunswick. A farmer's son, Eggeling went to the Bürgerschule (a type of vocational school once found in some parts of Germany) and the Gymnasium in Blankenburg. Between 1898 and 1904 he completed officer training at the cadet schools at Oranienstein and Groß-Lichterfelde.[1]
In March 1904, Eggeling joined the army as an Leutnant in the 10th Hanoverian Jäger Battalion and, after August 1914, served in combat units during World War I on both the western and eastern fronts. In January 1915 he was promoted to Hauptmann and led a machine-gun unit.[2] He was wounded three times and awarded the Iron Cross, first and second class.[1]
After November 1918, he fought as a member of the Goslar riflemen against the left-wing Marxist Spartacus League in Hanover.[3] In October 1919 Eggeling retired from the army and attended the Agricultural College at Halle until 1922. He completed his studies at the age of 35 and began work as an agriculturist. In November 1922 he was administering the state agricultural farm at Frose in Anhalt.[4]
Nazi Party career[]
Eggeling first joined the Nazi Party in September 1923 shortly before it was banned in the wake of the Beer Hall Putsch. He rejoined on 28 July 1925 (member number: 11,579) after the ban on the Party was lifted.[5] He founded several ortsgruppen (local groups) in Anhalt in 1926, and from 1926 to 1930 was the agricultural policy advisor to the Gauleiter of Anhalt-Sachsen-Nord. In 1930, Eggeling organized the agrarian policy apparatus in Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt. In 1933 he was named Deputy Gauleiter for Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt. In May 1933, he became a member of the Anhalt State Council (Staatsrat). In June 1933 he was appointed provincial agricultural leader (Landesbauernführer) of both Anhalt and the Prussian Province of Saxony.[5] Eggeling's skills so impressed his superiors that he was elected to the Reichstag from electoral constituency 10 (Magdeburg) in November, 1933. In 1934 he was appointed to the Prussian Provincial Council for the Province of Saxony.[6]
After Gauleiter Wilhelm Friedrich Loeper's death on 23 October 1935, Eggeling, as Deputy Gauleiter, was charged with the leadership of the Gau's business, and was formally named Acting Gauleiter on 10 February 1936. Owing to this, he was granted leave from his job as a provincial agricultural leader at that time. In June of the same year, Eggeling joined the SS (membership number: 186,515).[5] He was given the honorary rank of SS-Brigadeführer and attached to the staff of the Reichsführer-SS.[7]
On 20 April 1937 Eggeling was appointed Gauleiter of Gau Halle-Merseburg, succeeding Rudolf Jordan.[5] At the same time, he was elected to the Prussian State Council and promoted to SS-Gruppenführer. On 10 April 1938, he was elected to the Reichstag for constituency 11 (Merseburg). In April 1941, he became a member of the Reich Advisory Council for Food and Agriculture. On 16 November 1942, he was named Reich Defense Commissioner for his Gau.[8]
On 21 June 1943, Eggeling was promoted to SS-Obergruppenführer. On 18 August 1944 he was appointed Oberpräsident of the newly created Province of Halle-Merseburg. He thus united under his control the highest party and governmental offices in the province. In September 1944, he assumed command of the recently established Volkssturm units in his Gau. On 13 April, 1945, convinced of the futility of defending the town of Halle, overcrowded with thousands of refugees, from the advancing American troops, Eggeling traveled to the Führerbunker to try and get Adolf Hitler to rescind his unconditional order to defend to the death. He first raised the issue of a peaceful handover of the city with Martin Bormann, Personal Secretary to the Führer, who warned Eggeling that this would result in his execution and the extermination of his family. At their meeting, Hitler ordered Eggeling to continue to defend the city to the last man. Having failed in his mission, Eggeling returned to Halle and committed suicide by poison at Moritzburg Castle on 15 April.[9]
Awards and decorations[]
- 1914 Iron Cross, second and first class
- 1914 Wound Badge in black
- Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918
- Golden Party Badge
- War Merit Cross Second Class and First Class without swords
- SS Honour Ring
- Sword of honour of the Reichsführer-SS[2]
See also[]
External website[]
- Information about Joachim Albrecht Eggeling in the Reichstag database
Notes[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b Williams 2015, p. 286.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Ailsby 1997, p. 39.
- ^ Ailsby 1997, pp. 39-40.
- ^ Miller & Schulz 2012, p. 128.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Ailsby 1997, p. 40.
- ^ Miller & Schulz 2012, pp. 129–130.
- ^ Miller & Schulz 2012, p. 132.
- ^ Miller & Schulz 2012, pp. 130-134.
- ^ Miller & Schulz 2012, p. 134.
References[]
- Ailsby, Christopher (1997). SS: Roll of Infamy. Motorbooks Intl. ISBN 0760304092.
- Miller, Michael D.; Schulz, Andreas (2012). Gauleiter: The Regional Leaders of the Nazi Party and Their Deputies, 1925-1945. I (Herbert Albrecht – H. Wilhelm Huttmann). R. James Bender Publishing. ISBN 1-932970-21-5.
- Williams, Max (2015). SS Elite: The Senior Leaders of Hitler’s Praetorian Guard. I. Fonthill Media LLC. ISBN 978-1-78155-433-3.
- 1884 births
- 1945 deaths
- 1945 suicides
- Gauleiters
- Members of the Reichstag of Nazi Germany
- Nazi Party officials
- Nazi Party politicians
- Nazis who committed suicide in Germany
- People from Blankenburg (Harz)
- People from the Duchy of Brunswick
- Prussian Army personnel
- Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
- Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 2nd class
- Reichswehr personnel
- SS-Obergruppenführer