Johan Hultin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Johan Hultin is a retired Swedish-American pathologist known for discovering tissues containing traces of the 1918 influenza virus that killed millions worldwide, and for this he has been described as the "Indiana Jones of the scientific set."[1]

Biography[]

Born in Stockholm in 1924, Hultin left Uppsala University and immigrated to the U.S. in 1949 with his first wife, Gunvor,[2] and earned his Master's degree and an M.D. at the University of Iowa.[3] During his time there, he researched and warned against bioterrorism. He worked at several hospitals in the San Francisco Bay Area. During his spare time, he developed ways to improve automotive safety which led to recognition by the U.S. Department of Transportation. He is an avid hiker and is the oldest person to ski Mustagh Ata in China.[3] Hultin is also a builder. He built a log cabin in Bear Valley, CA that is a replica of Vastveitloftet, a 1355 A.D. loft house from Norway.[2]

Dr. Hultin was awarded a Distinguished Alumni Award by the University of Iowa in 2000.[4] In 2009, the University of Iowa awarded him an honorary Doctor of Science.[5]

1918 influenza discovery[]

In 1951 the pathologist tried to isolate the 1918 influenza virus from victims who had been buried in the Alaskan permafrost of a town called Brevig Mission. During the pandemic, 72 of the town's 80 residents perished from the flu. In his search, he unearthed bodies but failed to find any live viruses.[6]

Nearly 50 years later, in July 1997, Hultin read an article in the journal Science written by virologist Jeffery Taubenberger who published the initial genetic sequence of the 1918 flu virus.[7] Hultin offered his services to recover lung tissues from victims of 1918 and returned to Brevig Mission. Again he received permission to dig for victims of the 1918 "Spanish flu", and this time he unearthed the remains of an obese woman, roughly thirty years old, whom he christened "Lucy". The fat had protected her lungs from decay, and he took both of them. It turned out that in Lucy's case there was enough material to sequence the complete 1918 virus many times over.[8] The first sequence from the sample was published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences with Hultin as a co-author.[9] This sample provided scientists a first-hand opportunity to study the virus, which was inactivated with guanidinium thiocyanate before transport. This sample and others found in U.S. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) archives allowed researchers to completely analyze the critical gene structures of the 1918 virus.[10] Using the recovered traces, scientists revealed that the virus originated from birds and mutated to infect people.[1][dead link]

Personal life[]

With his first wife, Gunvor (1924-2011), Hultin had four children; he and Gunvor later divorced, and, in 1985, he married English-born Eileen.[2] As of 2020, they live in Rossmoor, California.[11]

Quotations[]

“It is absolutely certain another pandemic will come, but we don’t know what form it will be. The question is, How can we be forewarned?” (February 2002) [12]

“There are only two things that can threaten mankind in the short term. One is an influenza virus, and the other is nuclear war.” (2020) [12]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b 1918 flu
  2. ^ a b c McKnight, Michael (May 27, 2020). "Into the Wild. Twice. For Mankind". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2021-03-10.
  3. ^ a b The Virus detective
  4. ^ "Previous Alumni Award Recipients | Medicine Alumni".
  5. ^ https://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=registrar_commencement
  6. ^ Villager's remains lead to 1918 flu breakthrough
  7. ^ Taubenberger, Jeffery K.; Reid, Ann H.; Krafft, Amy E.; Bijwaard, Karen E.; Fanning, Thomas G. (1997-03-21). "Initial Genetic Characterization of the 1918 "Spanish" Influenza Virus". Science. 275 (5307): 1793–1796. doi:10.1126/science.275.5307.1793. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 9065404. S2CID 8976173.
  8. ^ CDC (2019-12-17). "The Discovery and Reconstruction of the 1918 Pandemic Virus". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
  9. ^ Reid, A. H.; Fanning, T. G.; Hultin, J. V.; Taubenberger, J. K. (1999-02-16). "Origin and evolution of the 1918 "Spanish" influenza virus hemagglutinin gene". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 96 (4): 1651–1656. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96.1651R. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.4.1651. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 15547. PMID 9990079.
  10. ^ Lethal secrets of 1918 flu virus; BBC
  11. ^ Tallyn, Cathy (2020-06-10). "Dr. Johan Hultin is 'Indiana Jones' of scientists". Rossmoor News. Retrieved 2021-03-10.
  12. ^ a b "Into the Wild. Twice. For Mankind".
Retrieved from ""