John West, 1st Earl De La Warr
John West, 1st Earl De La Warr | |
|---|---|
| 7º Royal Governor of New Jersey | |
| In office 20 June 1737 – September 1737, Resigned, never having entered upon his duties. | |
| Monarch | George II |
| Colonial governor of New York | |
| In office 20 June 1737 – September 1737, Resigned, never having entered upon his duties. | |
| Monarch | George II |
| Lieutenant | George Clarke |
| Governor of Gravesend and Tilbury | |
| In office 1747–1752 | |
| Monarch | George II |
| Preceded by | Adam Williamson |
| Succeeded by | Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan |
| Governor of the Bailiwick of Guernsey | |
| In office 1752 – 16 March 1766 | |
| Monarch |
|
| Preceded by | Field Marshal Sir John Ligonier |
| Succeeded by | Lt. Gen. Sir Richard Lyttelton |
| Personal details | |
| Born | The Honourable John West 4 April 1693 England |
| Died | 16 March 1766 (aged 72) |
| Spouse(s) | Lady Charlotte MacCarthy Anne Walker |
| Children | 4 |
| Parents | John West, 6th Baron De La Warr Margaret Freeman |
| Profession | Military officer, governor |
Lieutenant-General John West, 1st Earl De La Warr KB PC FRS (4 April 1693 – 16 March 1766), styled The Honourable John West until 1723 and known as The Lord De La Warr between 1723 and 1761, was a British soldier, courtier and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1715 to 1722.
Background[]
West was the son of John West, 6th Baron De La Warr, by Margaret, daughter and heiress of John Freeman, a London merchant.[1][2]
Military and political career[]
After travelling in Europe West was appointed Clerk-Extraordinary of the Privy Council in 1712.[1] In 1715 he was returned to parliament as one of two representatives for Grampound, a seat he held until 1722.[2][3] In 1715 he also became a guidon and 1st major of the 1st Troop of Horse Guards and was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in 1717.[1][2] In 1723 he succeeded his father in the barony of De La Warr and entered the House of Lords.[2] He was appointed a Lord of the Bedchamber to George I[4] and made a Knight of the Order of the Bath in 1725. In 1728 he was admitted a Fellow of the Royal Society.[1][2]
In 1731 Lord De La Warr was sworn of the Privy Council[5] and appointed Treasurer of the Household, a position he held until 1737.[1][2] In 1732 he was appointed speaker of the House of Lords in the absence of Lord King, the Lord Chancellor. He was a supporter of tough sanctions against the city of Edinburgh after the Porteous Riots of 1736. The latter year he was sent on a special mission to Germany to escort Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha to Britain, where she was to become the wife of Frederick, Prince of Wales. Lord Hervey, who described De La Warr as a "long, lank, awkward person", thought that "no fitter selection could have been made to disarm the jealousy of the prince, and that a more unpolished ambassador for such an occasion could not have been found in any of the Goth or Vandal courts of Germany." De La Warr and the future Princess of Wales landed at Greenwich in April 1736.[1]
In 1737 De La Warr was appointed Governor of New York and New Jersey. However, he never traveled to America.[6] He continued his military career while being active in the House of Lords and fought at the Battle of Dettingen in 1743 during the War of the Austrian Succession.[1] On 30 August 1737, he was commissioned colonel of the 1st Troop of Horse Guards,[7] an appointment he held until his death. He became a Brigadier-General in 1743, a Major-General in 1745, a Lieutenant-General in 1747 and a General of the Horse in 1765.[1][8] In 1752 he was appointed Governor of Guernsey, a post he held until his death.[8] In 1761 George III created him Viscount Cantalupe and Earl De La Warr.[9]
Family[]
Lord De La Warr was twice married. He married firstly Charlotte, daughter of Donough MacCarthy, 4th Earl of Clancarty and Lady Elizabeth Spencer, on 25 May 1721. They had two sons and two daughters, including Lady Diana, wife of Sir John Clavering.[1] After his first wife's death in February 1735 he married secondly Anne, daughter of Nehemiah Walker and widow of George Nevill, 13th Baron Bergavenny, in 1742. There were no children from this marriage. Anne died in June 1748. Lord De La Warr remained a widower until his death in March 1766, aged 72. He was succeeded by his eldest son, John, Viscount Cantelupe.[8]
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Lee, Sidney, ed. (1899). . Dictionary of National Biography. 60. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 332–333.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f thepeerage.com Lt.-Gen. John West, 1st Earl De La Warr
- ^ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "G" (part 2)
- ^ "No. 6378". The London Gazette. 1 June 1725. p. 1.
- ^ "No. 6995". The London Gazette. 12 June 1731. p. 1.
- ^ New Jersey Colonial Documents, Archives of the State of New Jersey, First Series, Vol. V; Daily Advertiser Publishing House, Newark, New Jersey, 1882. pp. 490–491
- ^ The Army List, 1754. WO 65/1
- ^ Jump up to: a b c the-peerage.com
- ^ "No. 10088". The London Gazette. 17 March 1761. p. 3.
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- 1693 births
- 1766 deaths
- British Army generals
- British Life Guards officers
- British MPs 1715–1722
- Earls De La Warr
- Fellows of the Royal Society
- Grenadier Guards officers
- Knights Companion of the Order of the Bath
- Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for constituencies in Cornwall
- Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain
- West family
- Colonial governors of New Jersey
- Colonial governors of New York (state)
- British Army personnel of the War of the Austrian Succession