Joint Entrance Examination – Advanced

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Not to be confused with Joint Entrance Examination – Main.
Joint Entrance Examination – Advanced
AcronymJEE Advanced
TypeElectronic assessment
Developer / administrator
  • 2019: IIT Roorkee
  • 2020: IIT Delhi
  • 2021: IIT Kharagpur
Knowledge / skills tested
  • Paper 1: Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics
  • Paper 2: Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics
PurposeAdmission to undergraduate Engineering, Science and Architecture courses in 23 IITs
Year started1961 (60 years ago) (1961)
Duration3 hours for each paper; 6 total hours a day
Offeredonce a year
Restrictions on attemptsMaximum two attempts in consecutive years
Countries / regionsIndia
LanguagesEnglish and Hindi
Annual number of test takers160,864 (2020)[1]
Websitejeeadv.ac.in

Joint Entrance Examination – Advanced (JEE-Advanced), formerly the Indian Institutes of Technology-Joint Entrance Examination (IIT-JEE), is an academic examination held annually in India. It is conducted by one of the seven zonal IITs (IIT Roorkee, IIT Kharagpur, IIT Delhi, IIT Kanpur, IIT Bombay, IIT Madras, and IIT Guwahati) under the guidance of the Joint Admission Board (JAB). It is the sole prerequisite for admission to the Indian Institutes of Technology. Other universities—such as the Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy (IIPE), the Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, the Indian Institute of Space Technology (IIST), the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISERs), and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) — use the score obtained on the JEE-Advanced exam as the basis for admission. The JEE-Advanced score is also used as a possible basis for admission by Indian applicants to non-Indian universities such as the University of Cambridge and National University of Singapore.[2][3] The examination is organised each year by one of the IITs, on a round-robin rotation pattern. It has a very low qualification rate (about 9,369 in 479,651 in 2012; ~1.95%)[4] The qualification rate of the JEE-Advanced in 2017 was approximately 0.92% (about 11,000 out of 1,200,000 who applied for JEE Main).[5]

In 2013, the examination initially called the IIT-JEE was renamed to JEE (Advanced), and the AIEEE was renamed JEE (Main).[6] From 2017, IIT began conducting the JEE-Advanced internationally to allow the admission of foreign students.[7]

History[]

The first institute of IIT, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, started in 1951. In its initial years before 1961, students were admitted based on their academic results, followed by an interview in several locations across the country. From 1955 to 1960, admissions for the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur were conducted via a national examination. Academic disciplines were allotted to the students via interviews and counselling sessions held at Kharagpur.[citation needed]

The IIT-JEE was first conducted in 1961, coinciding with the 1961 IIT Act.[8]

In 1978, the English paper was not considered when ranking participants' performance in the examination. In 1998, the English test was discontinued.

In 1997, the IIT-JEE was conducted twice after the question paper was leaked in some locations.

Between 2000 and 2005, an additional screening test was used alongside the main examination, intended to reduce pressure on the main examination by allowing only about 20,000 top candidates to appear for the examination, out of more than 450,000 applicants.

In 2002, an additional exam called the AIEEE was introduced, and it was used for admissions to many institutions of national importance other than the IITs. In 2012, the AIEEE was changed to JEE (Main), and IIT-JEE was renamed JEE (Advanced); the JEE (Main) had become the screening exam for JEE (Advanced).

In June 2005, The Hindu newspaper led a campaign for reforming the IIT-JEE to eradicate the "coaching mania" and to improve gender and socio-economic diversity.[9][10][11] Two possible solutions were proposed - either a convergence between the screening test and the All India Engineering Entrance Examination (AIEEE), or a two-tier examination. Whereas ranks from the first tier can be used to gain admission to the NITs and other engineering colleges in the country.

In September 2005, the group of directors of all the IITs announced significant revisions to the examination. These were implemented from 2006 onward.[12] The revised examination consisted of a single objective test, replacing the earlier two-test system. In the revised examination, to be eligible for the main examination, candidates in the general category had to obtain at least 60% aggregate marks in the 12th-grade examinations organized by various educational boards of India, while candidates belonging to Scheduled Caste (SC), Scheduled Tribe (ST), and Persons With Disabilities (PwD) categories needed a minimum score of 55%.

From 2006, the screening exam was abolished with the introduction of a single-stage multiple-choice exam that started in 2006. In 2008, the director and the dean of IIT Madras proposed further revisions to the examination, arguing that the coaching institutes were "enabling many among the less-than-best students to crack the test and keeping girls from qualifying". They expressed concern that the present system did not allow for applicants' 12 years of schooling to have a bearing on admissions into IIT.[13]

In 2008, the Indian Institutes of Technology began offering their admission tests in Dubai.[14] Annually, the number of candidates for the examination in Dubai varies between 200 and 220.[15]

The two-tier reform suggested in 2005 may become a reality as the Indian government has announced plans for a single entrance exam for all engineering colleges from 2018, with students aspiring for the IITs having to pass the nationwide standard entrance test (JEE-Main) with high marks and then take the JEE-Advanced to qualify for the IITs.[16] In 2018, the JEE (Advanced) exam started being conducted online.

Eligibility[]

The eligibility criteria for taking the JEE (Advanced) exam are:[17]

  • Candidates should rank among the top candidates in Paper-1 of JEE (Main), broken down per category. For example, for JEE (Advanced) 2019, the top 250,000 were eligible, but only 46.5% of those were open for all, the rest being reserved for special categories.
  • Candidates should be less than 25 years of age, with five-year relaxation for SC, ST, and PwD candidates.
  • Candidates can attempt examination at most two times in two consecutive years.
  • Candidates should have qualified the Class XII Board Examination (or equivalent) in the previous year.
  • Candidates should not have accepted admission in any of the IITs earlier.

In addition, candidates are required to either be within the category-wise top 20th percentile of successful candidates in the Class XII Board Examination or secure a 75% mark (65% for SC (scheduled castes), ST (scheduled tribes), and PwD (people with disabilities)).[18]

Organizing institute[]

This list shows the organizers of the JEE (Advanced) in recent years.

Year Organizer
2006 IIT Kharagpur
2007 IIT Bombay
2008 IIT Roorkee
2009 IIT Guwahati
2010 IIT Madras[19]
2011 IIT Kanpur[20]
2012 IIT Delhi[21]
2013 IIT Delhi[22]
2014 IIT Kharagpur[23]
2015 IIT Bombay[24]
2016 IIT Guwahati[25]
2017 IIT Madras[26]
2018 IIT Kanpur[27]
2019 IIT Roorkee[28]
2020 IIT Delhi[29]
2021 IIT Kharagpur[30]
2022 IIT Bombay[31]
2023 IIT Guwahati[32]

Seats[]

The number of students taking the examination increased substantially each year with over 485,000 candidates registering for JEE (Advanced) 2011 (an increase of 30,000 students (6.5%) from 2010[33]). However, with the two stage JEE (Main) + JEE (Advanced) structure, the number of candidates in JEE (Advanced) is fixed at around 1.5 to 2 lakhs. The total seats available in each institute (seat Matrix) is summarised in table below, year wise.[34]

Institute 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011[35] 2012[36] 2013[37] 2014[38] 2015[39][40] 2016[41] 2017[42] 2018[43] 2019[44] 2020[45]
IIT Bhilai --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 120 120 127 143 183
IIT Bhubaneshwar --- --- 120 120 120 120 120 160 180 180 260 350 369 420 475
IIT Bombay 600 574 648 746 880 880 880 880 880 903 903 929 1026 1115 1360
IIT Delhi 552 553 626 721 851 851 851 851 851 851 851 851 910 1061 1209
IIT (ISM) Dhanbad 444 658 705 923 1012 1034 1034 1023 962 935 912 912 1007 952 1125
IIT Dharwad --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 120 120 126 137 170
IIT Gandhinagar --- --- 120 120 120 120 120 140 150 150 180 180 194 212 250
IIT Goa --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 90 90 97 150 157
IIT Guwahati 350 365 435 498 588 615 615 660 660 660 615 645 702 795 902
IIT Hyderabad --- --- 120 120 120 140 140 210 220 220 240 285 294 317 425
IIT Indore --- --- --- 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 260 260 275 294 360
IIT Jammu --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 90 120 154 213 237
IIT Jodhpur --- --- 120 120 120 160 160 200 160 120 160 180 247 352 490
IIT Kanpur 456 541 608 702 827 827 827 827 827 853 827 827 910 1016 1182
IIT Kharagpur 659 874 988 1138 1341 1341 1370 1341 1341 1341 1341 1341 1453 1603 1902
IIT Madras 554 540 612 713 838 838 838 838 838 838 838 838 877 967 1133
IIT Mandi --- --- --- 120 120 120 120 120 120 145 150 150 200 282 329
IIT Palakkad --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 120 120 120 163 181 188
IIT Patna --- --- 120 120 120 120 120 200 200 200 200 225 250 361 427
IIT Roorkee 546 746 884 1013 1155 1155 1155 1105 1065 1030 970 975 1043 1190 1353
IIT Ropar --- --- 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 155 260 309 346 370
IIT Tirupati --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 120 120 120 180 203 237
IIT (BHU) Varanasi 568 686 766 881 1057 1057 1057 1090 1090 1090 1090 1090 1167 1364 1589
Total 4583 5537 6992 8295 9509 9618 9647 9885 9784 10006 10572 10988 12080 13674 16053

In 2011, additional courses were introduced in the IITs. IIT Tirupati and IIT Palakkad were started in 2015 and four more institutes (IIT Bhilai, IIT Dharwad, IIT Goa, and IIT Jammu) opened in 2016. In 2018, to ensure minimum female enrollment of 14%, the IITs introduced "female-only" and "gender-neutral" seats based on 2017 enrollment statistics; and "super-numerary" seats were allocated per-institute and per-course to reach a 14% target. With these, and slight overall, seat increases, the total seat availability was over 12,000, including 801 "super-numerary female-only" seats. For 2019, with the partial rollout of a 10% EWS quota (without a reduction in non-reserved seats) and the increase of the female enrollment target to 17%, the total seats available went up to over 13,500, with over 1200 super-numerary female-only seats. In 2020, with the full rollout of the 10% EWS quota and a 20% female enrolment target, total available seats increased further to 16,053, with over 1500 super-numerary female-only seats.

Criticism[]

In 2012, Super 30 founder and mathematician Anand Kumar criticised the New Admission Norms, saying that the decision of the IITs' council to give a chance to students in the top 20% from various boards in the class 12 examinations was "a decision in haste". "This is one decision that will go against the poor, who don't have the opportunity to study in elite schools," he added.[46]

The IIT-JEE is conducted only in English and Hindi; it has been criticized as being harder for students where regional languages, like Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Urdu, Oriya, Bengali, Marathi, Assamese, or Gujarati, are more prominent. In September 2011, the Gujarat High Court acted on a Public Interest Litigation by the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad, demanding the examinations be conducted in Gujarati also.[47] A second petition was made that October by Navsari's Sayaji Vaibhav Sarvajanik Pustakalaya Trust.[48] Another petition was made at the Madras High Court for conducting the exam in Tamil. In the petition, it was claimed that not conducting the exam in the regional languages violates article 14 of the Constitution of India. The Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK) party, a political party in Tamil Nadu, held a demonstration at Chennai for conducting the IIT-JEE and other national entrance exams in regional languages also, particularly Tamil in Tamil Nadu.[49]

The PMK party filed Public Interest Litigation in the Madras High Court to conduct the IIT-JEE entrance exam in Tamil. They claimed that every year 763,000 students were completing grade 12 in Tamil Nadu, 75% of them from Tamil Medium. They had to take the entrance exam in English or Hindi, neither of which was their medium of instruction nor their mother tongue, and so were denied their fundamental right to take the entrance exam in a language familiar to them.[50][51] Shiv Sena urged the MHRD to conduct the IIT-JEE and other national undergraduate entrance exams in regional languages, particularly Marathi language in Maharashtra.[52] In 2017, the Supreme Court ordered JAB to put a bar on the ongoing counseling process. There were three questions comprising a total of 11 marks that were unclear.

Changes made in JEE (Advanced) in 2018[]

There were several changes made to the exam in 2018. The Joint Admission Board (JAB) decided to conduct the entire exam online from 2018, hoping to reduce the chances of paper leak and make logistics and evaluation easier. It said that the online exam would neutralize the problem of misprinting.[53]

Coaching[]

Preparation for the Joint Entrance Exam begins typically two to four years before students take the test. More than 90% of students who passed this exam attended coaching institutes, which had created a ₹232.61 billion industry with annual tuition of up to ₹117,338.[54] These academies included mock tests multiple times a week, up to 200 students per class, and long hours. ranging from 4 to 7 hours a day, in addition to regular high school work. There were hundreds of academies across the country, and the most famous—in Kota, Rajasthan—attracted approximately 125,000 students each year.[55] Coaching programs are major corporations, listed on the Indian stock market and also attracting tens of millions of rupees of investment from private equity firms.[56] The high-pressure environments at these coaching institutes have been blamed for a significant number of suicides.[57]

2021 revised schedule[]

The former HRD minister of India, Ramesh Pokhriyal, has confirmed the 2021 dates for the JEE Mains and Advanced. The JEE Main exam will be conducted in four phases from 23 to 28 in February for phase 1 and other on consecutive months March, April and May. The JEE Advanced paper was scheduled to be held on 3rd July 2021 but as of 26th May 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it stands postponed. The third and fourth phases are to be held on 20–25 July and 26 August – 2 September, respectively. The JEE Advanced exam will be held on 3 October 2021.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ JEE (Advanced) 2019 Result.
  2. ^ "Information for applicants from India". 19 May 2021.
  3. ^ "Indian Standard 12 (State and other Boards)".
  4. ^ https://www.iitk.ac.in/new/data/jee-report/JEE-2012%20Report.pdf
  5. ^ "Bonus marks improved success rate in IIT entrance tests". The Hindu. 14 June 2017.
  6. ^ "Combined JEE from next year". The Calcutta Telegraph. 29 May 2012.
  7. ^ "IITs to hold entrance exam abroad for foreign students". The Hindu. 21 February 2016.
  8. ^ Ashish K. Mishra and Shishir Prasad (22 February 2012). "IIT-JEE Will Be Missed".
  9. ^ S.S. Vasan. Reforming the Joint Entrance Examination system.
  10. ^ Editorial. Reforming JEE needs wider reach[dead link].
  11. ^ National admission test called for[dead link].
  12. ^ Indrani Dutta. New IIT-JEE format from 2006.
  13. ^ D Suresh Kumar. JEE fails to get the best: IIT dons. The Times of India. 31 Jul 2008.
  14. ^ "5 lakh aspirants to sit for IIT-JEE in 2012". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012.
  15. ^ "IITs hike number of examination centres for JEE". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  16. ^ Govt plans single entrance exam for all engineering colleges from 2018
  17. ^ "Eligibility Criteria for Indian Nationals (Including PIO/OCI) for Appearing in JEE (Advanced) 2019". JEE (Advanced) Office, IIT Roorkee. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  18. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)". JEE (Advanced) 2020. Retrieved 20 July 2020. Note- For the year 2021 HRD minister changed the eligibility criteria for all the students who appeared for board exam in the year 2021 will just have to pass the board examination ,to appear in jee advanced
  19. ^ "IIT JEE 2010 Paper Analysis - Difficulty Level, Marking Scheme, Question Distribution". BYJUS. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  20. ^ DelhiMay 25, ITGD Bureau New; May 30, 2011UPDATED; Ist, 2011 12:08. "IIT result 2011: Hyderabad boy Tej tops IIT-JEE 2011". India Today. Retrieved 18 September 2021.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  21. ^ Biswas, Shreya. "Hundreds of fake OBC quota IIT aspirants back out of Joint Entrance Exams". The Economic Times. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  22. ^ PTI (25 July 2013). "SC transfers to itself petitions on IIT admission from Andhra high court". mint. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  23. ^ kumar, n arun (4 July 2014). "Very few toppers opt for IIT-Madras". Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  24. ^ "JEE (Advanced) 2015 results declared - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
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  28. ^ "JEE Advanced final answer key 2019 soon, result tomorrow". Hindustan Times. 13 June 2019. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  29. ^ "IIT Delhi Announces JEE Advanced 2020 Date; Adds New Exam Centre In United States". NDTV.com.
  30. ^ ANI. "JEE (Advanced) scheduled to be held on July 3". BW Businessworld. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  31. ^ "JEE Advanced 2021 exam on July 3, 75% criterion for IIT admissions waived - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  32. ^ "JEE Advanced 2021 exam on July 3, 75% criterion for IIT admissions waived - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  33. ^ "Hyderabad boy tops IIT-JEE". sify.com. 25 May 2011. Archived from the original on 11 November 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  34. ^ "JEE(Advanced) 2021, Official Website". jeeadv.ac.in. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  35. ^ "JEE 2011 Counseling Brochure" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2011. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
  36. ^ "JEE-2012-Report.pdf". Google Docs. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  37. ^ "JEE-2013-Report.pdf". Google Docs. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  38. ^ "JEE-2014-Report.pdf". Google Docs. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  39. ^ https://www.jeeadv.iitb.ac.in/sites/www.jeeadv.iitb.ac.in/files/3F_Consolidated%20Seat%20Matrices.pdf
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  47. ^ "Sahitya Parishad demands entrance tests in Gujarati". The Times of India. 21 September 2011. Archived from the original on 6 January 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
  48. ^ "Another PIL seeks entrance tests in Gujarati". The Times of India. 21 October 2011. Archived from the original on 6 January 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
  49. ^ "Conduct IIT entrance test in Tamil also: PMK". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 5 March 2012.
  50. ^ "Court notice on plea for entrance exams in Tamil". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 21 April 2012.
  51. ^ "Plea to write IIT entrance in Tamil | Deccan Chronicle". deccanchronicle.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2012. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
  52. ^ Khapre, Shubhangi (5 March 2011). "Shiv Sena demands IIT entrance test in regional languages". Mumbai: Daily News Analysis. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
  53. ^ JEE Advanced exam completely online from 2018.
  54. ^ "The IIT Entrance Exam".[failed verification]
  55. ^ "Making capital of coaching".
  56. ^ "Despite high suicide rate, IIT-JEE aspirants made a beeline for a seat in Kota's coaching institutes".
  57. ^ "Why 57 Young Students Have Taken Their Lives In Kota". Huffington Post India. June 2016.
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