José Julián de Aranguren

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José Julián de Aranguren, O.A.R. (16 February 1801 – 18 April 1861) was a Spanish archbishop of the Roman Catholic Church who served in Manila, Philippines as cardinal from 1847 to 1861.^[1] He is the 22nd Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila, the Philippine archdiocese of the latin Church of the Catholic Church. Known for being laborious, tactful and economical, Archbishop Aranguren was able to lead his vast archdiocese superbly well, solving difficult cases and successfully mediating in various conflicts.

Archbishop José Julián de Aranguren was born and raised in Barasoain, a town and municipality in the autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain, within the historical lands of the Basque Country (greater region). His father was Bernardo Aranguren of Cizur Mayor, Basque Country and his mother was Nicolasa Leoz of Sada, Basque Country. His siblings were Juaquina Aranguren, Maria Jesus Aranguren, and Angel Maria Aranguren. Juaquina Aranguren married Vicente Rodriguez Hurtado on April 22, 1836 in Santa Maria, Tafalla, Navarra. Angel Maria Aranguren married Dominica Cerreda (born 25 November 1828) in Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. Maria Jesus Aranguren married Gregorio Huarte Mendicoa on July 19, 1824 in San Martin de Unx, Navarra and their children were Jacobo Francisco Huarte Aranguren (born 1832), Francisco Javier Nicolas Huarte Aranguren (born 1835), and Martin Huarte Aranguren (born 1839). Martin Huarte Aranguren married Rosa Aguirre on January 1, 1861 in Santa Maria, Tudela, Navarra and their children were Jesus Maria Lorenzo Huarte Aguirre (born 1861), Manuel Maria Huarte Aguirre (born 1862), Maria Jesus Araceli Gregoria Fidela Huarte Aguirre (born 1864)and Melchor Luciano Huarte Aguirre (born 1866).

The young Jose read philosophy in Pamplona and law in Zaragoza. In 1816 he entered the Order of the Augustinians Recollects at Alfaro, La Rioja. He professed the monastic vows on December 8, 1825 at the Augustinian Recollect convent of Alfaro, La Rioja, Spain.^[2](Miguel, 2012) As a professor of Sacred Theology, Father Jose collaborated in the formation of future missionaries in La Rioja, Spain. Upon arriving in Manila in 1829, he continued this work imparting the spirituality of Saint Augustine with future priests at San Nicolas friary in Intramuros, Manila. In August 1831, he oversaw the parish of Capis in the province of Tarlac. He then served as overseer of the parish of Masinloc in 1835 after a 50-year hiatus of the Recollect ministry in the province of Zambales . The strong 18th-century Baroque church building he constructed in Masinloc was made of coral stone and lime.

Father Jose became a secretary for the incumbent Prior Provincial of the Recollect Friars in Masinloc.^[3] After becoming the Prior Provincial of the Recollects himself in 1843, Queen Isabel II of Spain nominated him to be the Archbishop of Manila on November 13, 1845. Soon after this nomination, the Queen knighted him conferring him the Grand Cross of the Order of Isabel la Catolica. Queen Isabel II, born 10 October 1830, was the firstborn child of Ferdinand VII of Spain and of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies, his fourth wife and niece. Queen Isabel II's reign as queen of Spain started from 29 September 1833 when she was just 3 years old until 30 September 1868. Before her birth, her father Ferdinand VII issued a Pragmatic Sanction to ensure the succession of his firstborn daughter, due to his lack of a male heir. But did he really lack a son?

Archbishop Jose Julian de Aranguren was preconized by Pope Pius IX on 9 January 1846 and his principal consecrator was the Bishop of Cebu, Romualdo Jimeno Ballesteros of the Dominican Order.^[4] His episcopal lineage can be traced as far back to Scipione Cardinal Rebiba, who was appointed Titular Patriarch of Constantinople in December 8, 1565. Archbishop Aranguren started his office in 1847 after being ordained bishop on January 31, 1847. Out of zeal for souls and for the greater glory of God, the cardinal visited almost all the parishes and mission stations of his vast archdiocese twice. He supported the establishment of El Banco Español Filipina de Isabel II [now Bank of the Philippine Islands] the first bank established in both the Philippines and Southeast Asia. This pioneering bank provided credit to the National Treasury and issued the Philippine Peso Fuerte, a precursor to the Philippine peso. Today, the Bank of the Philippine Islands is one of the most profitable banks in the Philippines. It now has a network of 900+ branches in the Philippines, Hongkong and Europe. Cardinal Aranguren was one of the founders of this bank. He also invited the Carmelite Sisters of Charity to Manila out of his concern for ill people and for the education of the youth. This proved successful although the Sisters of Charity arrived in Manila a few years after his demise in 1861. In addition, he championed the rights and interests of the native secular clergy of his archdiocese. The current archbishop of Manila is Jose Cardinal Advincula who started serving his post on June 24, 2021.^[5]

References[]

• Cheney, D. (2015) Luis Antonio Gokim Cardinal Tagle [Online]. Available at http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/btaglelag.html (Accessed 04/05/2016).
• Cheney, D. (2015) Archbishop José Aranguren, O.A.R. [Online]. Available at http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/barang.html (Accessed 04/05/2016).
• Miguel, D. (2012) Recollect Bishops, Prefects and Apostolic Administrators [Online]. Available at http://oarhistory.blogspot.co.uk/ (Accessed 04/05/2016).