Kanjō-bugyō
Kanjō-bugyō (勘定奉行) were officials of the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo period Japan. Appointments to this prominent office were usually fudai daimyōs.[1] Conventional interpretations have construed these Japanese titles as "commissioner" or "overseer" or "governor".
This bakufu title identifies an official with responsibility for finance. The office of kanjō-bugyō was created in 1787 to upgrade the status and authority of the pre-1787 finance chief (kanjō-gashira).[2]
It was a high-ranking office, in status roughly equivalent to a gaikoku-bugyō; the status of this office ranked slightly below that of daimyō, ranking a little below the machi-bugyō. The number of kanjō bugyō varied, usually five or six in the late Tokugawa period.[1]
The kanjō-bugyō was considered to rank approximately with the gunkan-bugyō.[3] The kanjō-ginmiyaku were bakufu officials of lower rank who were subordinate to the kanjō-bugyō.[1]
List of kanjō-bugyō[]
- [4]
- (1844–57).[5]
- (1852–58)[6]—negotiated the Shimoda Treaty.
- Mizuno Tadanori (1855–58, 1859).[7]
- (1857–59).[8]
- (1858).[9]
- (1861–64).[10]
- Oguri Tadamasa (1863, 1864–65).[9]
- (1863–64).[11]
- (1864–66).[12]
- (1867).[6]
- (1867).[5]
- .[13] Simultaneously Nikkō bugyō until 1746.
- .[14]
- .[15]
See also[]
Notes[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Beasley 2001, p. 324.
- ^ Roberts 1998, p. 207.
- ^ Beasley 2001, p. 322.
- ^ Nussbaum & Roth 2005, "Umezo Masagake", p. 1014, p. 1014, at Google Books.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Beasley 2001, p. 335.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Beasley 2001, p. 334.
- ^ Beasley 2001, p. 337.
- ^ Beasley 2001, p. 341.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Beasley 2001, p. 338.
- ^ Beasley 2001, p. 340.
- ^ Beasley 2001, p. 336.
- ^ Beasley 2001, p. 333.
- ^ Screech 2006, p. 241 n 69.
- ^ Beasley 2001, p. 107.
- ^ Sansom 1963, p. 27.
References[]
- Beasley, William G (2001) [1955 Oxford University Press], Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853–1868, London: RoutledgeCurzon, ISBN 978-0-197-13508-2.
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric; Roth, Käthe (2005), Japan encyclopedia, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5, OCLC 58053128; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is a pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File.
- Roberts, Luke Shepherd (1998), Mercantilism in a Japanese Domain: The Merchant Origins of Economic Nationalism in 18th Century Tosa, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-89335-6.
- Sansom, George Bailey (1963), A history of Japan.
- Screech, Timon (2006), Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822, London: RoutledgeCurzon, ISBN 0-7007-1720-X.
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