Khusrau Shah of Ghazna
| Khusrau Shah | |
|---|---|
| Sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire | |
| Reign | 1157 – 1160 |
| Predecessor | Bahram-Shah |
| Successor | Khusrau Malik |
| Born | 1121 |
| Died | 1160 (aged 39) |
| Father | Bahram-Shah |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
Khusrau Shah was the penultimate sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire from 1157 to 1160. He was the son and successor of Bahram-Shah (r. 1117–1157).[1]
Background[]
Khusrau Shah was eldest and only survivor of Bahram Shah.[1] due to civil wars, tributary pact with Seljuk Empire and struggles with Ghurid Empire, Ghaznavid Empire was in its weakness times. although his father tried to recapture the lost lands in India but was stopped by Arnoraja, an Indian king from Chahamanas dynasty.[2][3] His struggles with Ghurid Empire also was not successful though he defeated two Ghurid Maliks,[4] he later was defeated by Ala al-Din Husayn who burned Ghazni in seven days.[5]
Bahram Shah recaptured Ghazni from Ghurids and later died in 1157. about life of Young Khusrau Shah during reign of his father there is just few poems written by Hassan Ghaznavi.[6]
Reign[]
Khusrau Shah became sultan in 1157, shortly afterwards, Ala al-Din Husayn ran a new campaign. although Minhaj-i-Siraj stated that Ala al-Din Husayn already had captured the Ghaznavid possessions in southeastern Afghanistan, Including Zamindawar, but according to Bosworth it could be "an anticipation of what actually happened"[1] Fakhr-i Mudabbir stated a battle between two armies which Khusrau Shah was defeated.[1] according to O'Neal, Khusrau Shah rebuild army and moved towards west to capture the western lands of Ghurids but faced with Ala al-Din army in Herat and defeated. he forced to agree with pact that gives the Ghurids mentioned lands.[7]
Khusrau Shah's reign after war is mostly unknown, it is known that he died in 1160[1] and Successored by his son Khusrau Malik, the last Ghaznavid Sultan which defeated by Ghurids and died in sometime after 1184.[8]
Coinage[]
few remain of Khusrau Shah coins stated Ahmad Sanjar as suzerain, although he was died in 1157 probably news didn't reached Ghazni at the time.[1]
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Bosworth 2013.
- ^ Singh 1964, p. 138.
- ^ Sharma 1959, p. 44.
- ^ Bosworth 1977, p. 113-114.
- ^ Bosworth 1977, p. 117.
- ^ Bosworth 1977, p. 183.
- ^ O'Neal 2013, p. 57.
- ^ Bosworth 1977, p. 129.
Sources[]
- Bosworth, C. E. (1977). The Later Ghaznavids: Splendour and Decay : the Dynasty in Afghanistan and Northern India, 1040-1186. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-04428-8.
- Bosworth, C. E. (2013). "Ḵosrowšāh". Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition. New York.
- Sharma, Dasharatha (1959). Early Chauhān Dynasties. S. Chand / Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 9780842606189.
- Singh, R. B. (1964). History of the Chāhamānas. N. Kishore. OCLC 11038728.
- Michael, O'Neal (2013). The Ghūrid Empire: Warfare, Kingship, and Political Legitimacy in Eastern Iran and Northern India. TAU Publications.
- Ghaznavid rulers
- 1160 deaths