Klaus Biemann
Klaus Biemann | |
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| Born | November 2, 1926 |
| Died | June 2, 2016 (aged 89) |
| Alma mater | University of Innsbruck Ph.D. Organic Chemistry 1951 |
| Known for | Mars Viking mass spectrometer[1] |
| Awards | Benjamin Franklin Medal in Chemistry (2007) NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal (1977)) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Mass spectrometry |
| Institutions | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| Academic advisors | George Büchi |
| Doctoral students | John M. Hayes[2] Jack T. Watson |
Klaus Biemann (November 2, 1926 – June 2, 2016)[3][4] was an Austrian-American professor of chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[5] His work centered on structural analysis in organic and biochemistry. He has been called the "father of organic mass spectrometry"[6] but was particularly noted for his role in advancing protein sequencing with tandem mass spectrometry.[7]
Career and Research[]
Biemann grew up in Innsbruck, Austria where his father was a pharmacist and he studied Pharmacy at the University of Innsbruck from which he graduated in 1948.[8] He received his PhD at the University of Innsbruck supervised by in 1951. He started his work on his habilitation, but instead moved to the MIT in 1955 to work as a postdoctoral fellow in the group of George Büchi.[8] Two years later, he was offered a faculty position at MIT in the analytical chemistry division where he wanted to focus on C-terminal peptide sequencing. Before embarking on his new research, however, Biemann decided to buy a mass spectrometer and use it to study peptides instead. He used his background in organic chemistry to modify peptides so that they become volatile and entered the gas phase, making them amenable to electron ionization, the only feasible ionization technique at the time.[8]
Awards and honors[]
- Stas Medal of the Belgian Chemical Society (1962)[9]
- Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1966)[10]
- Fritz Pregl Medal of the Austrian Microchemical Society (1977)[9]
- NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal (1977)[9]
- Guggenheim Fellow (1983)[11]
- Field and Franklin Award in Applied Mass Spectrometry from the American Chemical Society (1986)[12]
- ACS Analytical Chemistry Award from the American Chemical Society (2001)[13]
- Thomson Medal from the International Mass Spectrometry Foundation (1991)[14]
- Pehr Edman Award (1992)[15]
- Member of the National Academy of Sciences (1993)[16]
- Beckman-ABRF Award from the Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities (1995)[15]
- Benjamin Franklin Medal in Chemistry from the Franklin Institute (2007)[9]
References[]
- ^ Biemann K (2007). "On the ability of the Viking gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer to detect organic matter". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (25): 10310–3. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10410310B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0703732104. PMC 1965509. PMID 17548829.
- ^ Hayes, John Michael (1966). Techniques for high resolution mass spectrometric analysis of organic constituents of terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples (PhD thesis). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. OCLC 18679992. ProQuest 302307231. (subscription required)
- ^ The Encyclopedia of Mass Spectrometry: Volume 9, page 30
- ^ Klaus Biemann, professor emeritus of chemistry, dies at 89
- ^ "In Memoriam: Klaus Biemann (1926–2016)". Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry. 27 (10): 1583–1589. 2016. Bibcode:2016JASMS..27.1583.. doi:10.1007/s13361-016-1470-5. ISSN 1044-0305. S2CID 25833096.
- ^ Chung, Deborah D. L. (2006). The Road to Scientific Success: Inspiring Life Stories of Prominent Researchers (Road to Scientific Success). World Scientific Publishing Company. ISBN 981-256-600-7.
- ^ Biemann, Klaus (2007). "Laying the groundwork for proteomics". International Journal of Mass Spectrometry. Elsevier. 259 (1–3): 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.ijms.2006.08.002.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "The Encyclopedia of Mass Spectrometry".
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Klause Biemann". Franklin Laureate Database. Archived from the original on February 8, 2012. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
- ^ "Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter B" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
- ^ "Klaus Biemann". John Simon Guggenheim Foundation. Archived from the original on September 21, 2012. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
- ^ "Frank H. Field and Joe L. Franklin Award for Outstanding Achievement in Mass Spectrometry". American Chemical Society. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
- ^ "ACS Award in Analytical Chemistry". American Chemical Society. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
- ^ "Thomson Medals, 2009". International Mass Spectrometry Foundation. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Klaus Biemann Receives Beckman-ABRF Award". Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities. Archived from the original on March 25, 2012. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
- ^ "Biemann, Klaus". National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
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- 1926 births
- 2016 deaths
- American biochemists
- Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
- Mass spectrometrists
- Thomson Medal recipients
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