L Legislature of the Mexican Congress

The L Legislature of the Mexican Congress met from 1976 to 1979. It consisted of senators and deputies who were members of their respective chambers. They began their duties on September 1, 1976 and ended on August 31, 1979.

The senators and deputies were elected to office in the 1976 elections. The senators were elected for a period of six years (so they maintained their seat in the next legislature), and the deputies were elected for a period of three years.

Members[]

The make up of the L Legislature was as follows:

Senate of the Republic[]

The members of the Mexican Senate were elected two from each state and the Federal District, giving a total of 64 senators. For the first time in history a senator was elected who did not belong to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).^[1] Jorge Cruickshank García had been nominated by the PPS,^[1] however the PRI did not lose this seat, because it formed an electoral alliance with the winning party. Thus this senator posed no opposition to the PRI or the government during his term.

Number of Senators by political party[]

Party		Senators
	Institutional Revolutionary Party	63
	Popular Socialist Party	1

The 64 Senators forming the L Legislature are the following:

Senators by state[]

State	Senator	State	Senator
Aguascalientes	Rodolfo Landeros Gallegos	Nayarit	Leobardo Ramos Martínez
Aguascalientes	Héctor Hugo Olivares Ventura^[1]	Nayarit	Daniel Espinoza Galindo
Baja California	Rafael García Vázquez Replaced Roberto de la Madrid Romandía	Nuevo León	Napoleón Gómez Sada
Baja California	Oscar Baylón Chacón	Nuevo León	Adrián Yáñez Martínez
Baja California Sur	Alberto Alvarado Arámburo	Oaxaca	Rodolfo Alaves Flores
Baja California Sur	Víctor Manuel Liceaga Ruibal Replaced Marcelo Rubio Ruiz^[a]	Oaxaca	Jorge Cruickshank García^[1]
Campeche	Rosa María Martínez Denegri Replaced Carlos Sansores Pérez	Puebla	Horacio Labastida Muñoz
Campeche	Joaquín Repetto Ocampo Replaced Fernando Rafful Miguel	Puebla	Blas Chumacero
Chiapas	Roberto Corzo Gay	Querétaro	Rafael Camacho Guzmán
Chiapas		Querétaro	Telésforo Trejo Uribe
Chihuahua	Óscar Ornelas	Quintana Roo	Vicente Coral Martínez
Chihuahua	Mario Carballo Pazos	Quintana Roo	José Blanco Peyrefitte
Coahuila	Eliseo Mendoza Berrueto	San Luis Potosí	Rafael Tristán López
Coahuila	Gustavo Guerra Castaños	San Luis Potosí	Francisco Padrón Puyou
Colima	Griselda Álvarez	Sinaloa	Hilda Anderson Nevárez
Colima	Antonio Salazar y Salazar	Sinaloa	Gilberto Ruiz Almada
Durango	Ignacio Castillo Mena	Sonora	Juan José Gastelum García
Durango	Tomás Rangel Perales	Sonora	Adolfo de la Huerta Oriol
Guanajuato	Euquerio Guerrero López	Tabasco	Antonio Ocampo Ramírez Replaced Carlos Pellicer
Guanajuato	Jesús Cabrera Muñoz Ledo	Tabasco	Nicolás Reynés Berazaluce Replaced David Gustavo Gutiérrez
Guerrero	Jorge Soberón Acevedo	Tamaulipas	Morelos Jaime Canseco González
Guerrero	Alejandro Cervantes Delgado	Tamaulipas	Martha Chávez Padrón
Hidalgo	Humberto Lugo Gil	Tlaxcala	Jesús Hernández Rojas
Hidalgo	Vacant By leave of Guillermo Rossell de la Lama and Jorge Rojo Lugo	Tlaxcala	Rafael Minor Franco
Jalisco	José María Martínez Rodríguez	Veracruz	Silverio Ricardo Alvarado
Jalisco	Arnulfo Villaseñor Saavedra	Veracruz	Sergio Martínez Mendoza
State of Mexico	Leonardo Rodríguez Alcaine	Yucatán	Víctor Cervera Pacheco
State of Mexico	Gustavo Baz	Yucatán	Graciliano Alpuche Pinzón
Michoacán	José Luis Escobar Herrera Replaced Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano	Zacatecas	Jorge Gabriel García Rojas
Michoacán	Guillermo Morfín García	Zacatecas	José Guadalupe Cervantes Corona
Morelos	Angel Ventura Valle	Federal District of Mexico	Luis del Toro Calero Replaced Hugo Cervantes del Río
Morelos	Javier Rondero Zubieta	Federal District of Mexico	Joaquín Gamboa Pascoe

Chamber of Deputies[]

In the L Legislature, the Chamber of Deputies was composed of a total of 238 deputies, of which 196 were elected by majority vote in each constituency and 41 more were deputies by party. These were allocated in proportion to the votes that the non-winning parties obtained in the districts.

The composition of the House of Representatives in the L Legislature was as follows:

Number of Deputies by political party[]

	Party	Deputies
	Institutional Revolutionary Party	196^[2]
	National Action Party	20^[2]
	Popular Socialist Party	12^[2]
	Partido Auténtico de la Revolución Mexicana	9^[2]

Deputies from single-member districts (plurality)[]

State	District	Deputy	State	District	Deputy
Aguascalientes	1	Jesús Martínez Gortari	México		Armando Labra Manjarrez
Aguascalientes	2	Camilo López Gómez	México		Juan Ortíz Montoya
Baja California	1	Ricardo Eguía Valderrama	México		José Luis García García
Baja California	2	Alfonso Ballesteros Pelayo	México		Guillermo Choussal Valladares
Baja California	3	Alfonso Garzón Santibáñez	México		Cecilio Salas Gálvez
Baja California Sur	1	Víctor Manuel Peralta Osuna	México		Pedro Ávila Hernández
Baja California Sur	2	Agapito Duarte Hernández	México		Armando Hurtado Navarro
Campeche	1	Abelardo Carrillo Zavala	México		Héctor Ximénez González
Campeche	2	Jorge Muñoz Icthé	Michoacán		Nicanor Gómez Reyes
Chiapas	1	Jaime Sabines	Michoacán		Antonio Jaimes Aguilar
Chiapas	2	Fernando Correa Suárez	Michoacán		Raúl Lemus García
Chiapas	3	Homero Tovilla Cristiani	Michoacán		Roberto Garibay Ochoa
Chiapas	4	Manuel Villafuerte Mijangos	Michoacán		Jaime Bravo Ramírez
Chiapas	5	Gonzalo Esponda Zebadúa	Michoacán		Eduardo Estrada Pérez
Chiapas	6	Leonardo León Cerpa	Michoacán		Juan Rodríguez González
Chihuahua	1	Alberto Ramírez Gutiérrez	Michoacán		Héctor Terán Torres
Chihuahua	2	Oswaldo Rodríguez González	Michoacán		Roberto Ruiz del Río
Chihuahua	3	José Reyes Estrada Aguirre	Morelos		Antonio Riva Palacio López
Chihuahua	4	Juan Ernesto Madera Prieto	Morelos		Filomeno López Rea
Chihuahua	5	Artemio Iglesias	Nayarit	1	Ignacio Langarica Quintana
Chihuahua	6	José Refugio Mar de la Rosa	Nayarit	2	María Hilaria Domínguez Arvizu
Coahuila	1	José de las Fuentes Rodríguez	Nuevo León		Carlota Vargas Garza
Coahuila	2	Carlos Ortiz Tejeda	Nuevo León		Heriberto Santos Lozano
Coahuila	3	Fernando Cabrera Rodríguez	Nuevo León		Raúl Caballero Escamilla
Coahuila	4	Julián Muñoz Uresti	Nuevo León		Eleazar Ruiz Cerda
Colima	1	Ramón Serrano García	Nuevo León		Arturo Luna Lugo
Colima	2	Fernando Moreno Peña	Nuevo León		Jesús Puente Leyva
Federal District	1	Eduardo Andrade Sánchez^[3]	Nuevo León		Roberto Olivares Vera
Federal District	2	José Salvador Lima Zuno	Oaxaca		Lucía Betanzos de Bay
Federal District	3	Carlos Riva Palacio Velazco	Oaxaca		Gustavo Santaella Cortés
Federal District	4	Enrique Ramírez y Ramírez	Oaxaca		Ericel Gómez Nucamendi
Federal District	5	Miguel Molina Herrera	Oaxaca		Ernesto Aguilar Flores
Federal District	6	Alfonso Rodríguez Rivera	Oaxaca		Luis Candelario Jiménez Sosa
Federal District	7	María Elena Márques de Torruco^[4]	Oaxaca		Heladio Ramírez López
Federal District	8	Julio César Mena Brito	Oaxaca		Zoraida Bernal de Badillo
Federal District	9	Venustiano Reyes López	Oaxaca		Julio Esponda Solana
Federal District	10	Gloria Carrillo Salinas	Oaxaca		Raúl Bolaños Cacho Guzmán
Federal District	11	Jaime Aguilar Álvarez	Puebla		Nicolás Pérez Pavón
Federal District	12	Miguel López Riveroll	Puebla		Jorge Domínguez Ramírez
Federal District	13	Rodolfo González Guevara	Puebla		Antonio Montes García
Federal District	14	Jorge Mendicutti Negrete	Puebla		Antonio Hernández Jiménez
Federal District	15	Juan José Osorio Palacios	Puebla		Sacramento Jofre Vázquez
Federal District	16	Alfonso Argudín Laria	Puebla		Antonio Tenorio Adame
Federal District	17	Héctor Hernández Casanova	Puebla		Guadalupe López Bretón
Federal District	18	Hugo Díaz Velázquez	Puebla		Jesús Sarabia y Ordóñez
Federal District		Abraham Martínez Rivero	Puebla		Jorge Murad Macluf Replaced Manuel Rivera Anaya
Federal District		Jesús González Balandrano	Puebla		Adolfo Rodríguez Juárez
Federal District		Martha Andrade de Del Rosal	Querétaro		Eduardo Ugalde Vargas
Federal District		Ifigenia Martínez^[5]	Querétaro		Vicente Montes Velázquez
Federal District		Enrique Soto Izquierdo	Quintana Roo	1	Carlos Gómez Barrera
Federal District		Enrique Álvarez del Castillo	Quintana Roo	2	Emilio Oxte Tah
Federal District		Celia Torres de Sánchez	San Luis Potosí		Roberto Leyva Torres
Federal District		Humberto Serrano Pérez^[6]	San Luis Potosí		Guadalupe Vega Macías
Federal District		Hugo Roberto Castro Aranda	San Luis Potosí		Víctor Maldonado Moreleón
Durango		Ángel Sergio Guerrero Mier	San Luis Potosí		Héctor González Lárraga
Durango		Maximiliano Silerio Esparza	San Luis Potosí		Eusebio López Sáinz
Durango		Salvador Reyes Nevárez	Sinaloa		Tolentino Rodríguez Félix
Durango		José Ramírez Gamero	Sinaloa		Felipe Armenta Gallardo
Guanajuato		Esteban Mario Garaiz	Sinaloa		Rafael Oceguera Ramos
Guanajuato		Enrique Gómez Guerra	Sinaloa		Antonio Toledo Corro
Guanajuato		Juan Varela Mayorga	Sinaloa		Patricio Robles Robles
Guanajuato		Miguel Montes García	Sonora		Ricardo Castillo Peralta
Guanajuato		Aurelio García Sierra	Sonora		César Augusto Tapia Quijada
Guanajuato		Alfredo Carrillo Juárez	Sonora		José Luis Vargas González
Guanajuato		Enrique León Hernández	Sonora		Bernabé Arana León
Guanajuato		Graciela Meave Torrescano	Tabasco		Luis Priego Ortiz
Guanajuato		Donaciano Luna Hernández	Tabasco		Roberto Madrazo Pintado
Guerrero		Isaías Gómez Salgado	Tabasco		Francisco Rabelo Cupido
Guerrero		Isaías Duarte Martínez	Tamaulipas		Abdón Rodríguez Sánchez
Guerrero		Miguel Bello Pineda	Tamaulipas		Oscar Mario Santos Gómez
Guerrero		Hortensia Santoyo de Martínez	Tamaulipas		Agapito González Cavazos
Guerrero		Reveriano García Castrejón	Tamaulipas		Aurora Cruz de Mora
Guerrero		Salustio Salgado Guzmán	Tamaulipas		Fernando San Pedro Salem
Hidalgo		Ladislao Castillo Feregrino	Tamaulipas		Julio Martínez Rodríguez
Hidalgo		Luis José Dorantes Segovia	Tlaxcala		Nazario Romero Díaz
Hidalgo		Efraín Mera Arias	Tlaxcala		Antonio Vega García
Hidalgo		José Antonio Zorrilla Pérez	Veracruz		Guilebaldo Flores Fuentes
Hidalgo		Vicente Trejo Callejas	Veracruz		Pericles Namorado Urrutia
Jalisco		Guillermo Cosío Vidaurri	Veracruz		Emilio Salgado Zubiaga
Jalisco		Reynaldo Dueñas Villaseñor	Veracruz		Manuel Gutiérrez Zamora Zamudio
Jalisco		Félix Flores Gómez	Veracruz		Seth Cardeña Luna
Jalisco		Porfirio Cortés Silva	Veracruz		Carlos Manuel Vargas Sánchez
Jalisco		José Mendoza Padilla	Veracruz		Daniel Nogueira Huerta
Jalisco		Rigoberto González Quezada	Veracruz		Celeste Castillo Moreno
Jalisco		Ma. Refugio Castillón Coronado	Veracruz		Mario Martínez Dector
Jalisco		Ricardo Chávez Pérez	Veracruz
Jalisco		María Guadalupe Urzúa Flores	Veracruz		Miguel Portela Cruz
Jalisco		Francisco Javier Santillán Oceguera	Veracruz		Mario Hernández Posadas
Jalisco		Héctor Castañeda Jiménez	Veracruz		Francisco Cinta Guzmán
Jalisco		Rafael González Pimienta	Veracruz		Juan Meléndez Pacheco
Jalisco		Jesús Alberto Mora López	Veracruz		Eduardo Thomae Domínguez
México		Gildardo Herrera	Yucatán	1	Mirna Hoyos Schlamme
México		Josefina Esquivel de Quintana	Yucatán	2	Rubén Calderón Cecilio
México		José Delgado Valle	Yucatán	3	Víctor Manzanilla Schaffer
México		Arturo Martínez Legorreta	Zacatecas		Gustavo Salinas Íñiguez
México		José Martínez Martínez	Zacatecas		Crescencio Herrera Herrera
México		Rosendo Franco Escamilla	Zacatecas		José Leal Longoria
México		Julio Zamora Bátiz	Zacatecas		Julián Macías Pérez

Deputies by party[]

Deputy	Deputy	Deputy
Fausto Alarcón Escalona	José Ortega Mendoza	Eugenio Soto Sánchez
Gonzalo Altamirano Dimas	Francisco Pedraza Villarreal	Rafael Campos López
María Elena Álvarez Bernal	Francisco José Peniche Bolio	Víctor Manuel Carrasco
Miguel Campos Martínez	Adrián Peña Soto	Felipe Cerecedo López
Guillermo Carlos de Carcer	Jacinto Silva Flores	Alberto Contreras Valencia
Jorge Garabito Martínez	Juan Torres Ciprés	Francisco Hernández Juárez
Ramón Garcilita Partida	Saúl Castorena Monterrubio	Marcela Lombardo Otero
Miguel Hernández Labastida	Fortino Garza Cárdenas	Jesús Luján Gutiérrez
Guillermo Islas Olguín	Pedro González Azcuaga	Francisco Ortiz Mendoza
Sergio Lujambio Rafols	Raúl Guillén Pérez Vargas	Román Ramírez Contreras
Rosalba Magallón Camacho	Manuel Hernández Alvarado	Héctor Ramírez Cuéllar
José Luis Martínez Galicia	Edilio Hinojosa López	Idelfonso Reyes Soto
Tomás Nava de la Rosa	Apolinar Ramírez Meneses	Ezequiel Rodríguez Otal
Teodoro Ortega García	Arcelia Sánchez

Presidents of the high commission of the Camara of Deputies[]

(1976 - 1977): Augusto Gómez Villanueva
(1977 - 1979): Rodolfo González Guevara
(1979): Antonio Riva Palacio López

Main accomplishments[]

It was the L Legislature that, in 1977, adopted the first political reforms to occur in Mexico. This reform, negotiated by Secretary of the Interior , included legal recognition of political organizations from the left, traditionally marginalized and pushed into armed struggle, especially after the events of 1968 and which degenerated into a dirty war during the 1970s.^[7]

Legal reform, known formally as the Ley de Organizaciones Políticas y Procedimientos Electorales (LOPPE) (Law of Political Organizations and Electoral Procedures), defined and made possible procedures for the registration of new political parties (in 1977 legally there were only the PRI, the National Action Party) (PAN), the Popular Socialist Party (PPS) and the Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution (PARM)).^[2] This allowed for the registration, for the first time in 40 years of the Mexican Communist Party, which was followed by the National Assembly of the Socialist Left, the Mexican Democratic Party and the .

In addition, the (LOPPE) increased the size of the Chamber of Deputies, increasing the number of electoral districts from 196 to 300, and establishing deputies by proportional representation, replacing the previous deputies by party.^[7] There would be 100 such positions, resulting in the Chamber of Deputies, being composed of 400 deputies.^[2]

Notes[]

^ Rubio Ruiz died on 6 January 1977.

References[]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Becerril, Andrés (11 February 2013). "Equipo forjado en la tribuna, curtidos en la arena legislativa". Excelsior. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Martinez, Sarah (May 8–9, 1999). "Changing campaign strategies in Mexico: The effects of electoral reforms on political parties" (PDF). Retrieved 1 June 2013.
^ "H. Congreso del Estado de Veracruz". Retrieved 11 June 2013.
^ "Falleció la primera actriz María Elena Marqués". El Siglo de Durango. 12 November 2008.
^ "Consejeros Ciudadanos para dar seguimiento al plan para la prevención y el combate a la corrupción". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
^ "Fallece Humberto Serrano Pérez, líder máximo de la CAM". Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
^ ^a ^b Klesner, Joseph L. (28–31 August 1997). "Electoral reform in Mexico's hegemonic party system: Perpetuation of privilege or democratic advance?". Retrieved 31 May 2013.

External links[]

[2] Rubio Ruiz died on 6 January 1977.

[Becerril-1] Becerril, Andrés (11 February 2013). "Equipo forjado en la tribuna, curtidos en la arena legislativa". Excelsior. Retrieved 11 June 2013.

[Martinez-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Martinez, Sarah (May 8–9, 1999). "Changing campaign strategies in Mexico: The effects of electoral reforms on political parties" (PDF). Retrieved 1 June 2013.

[4] "H. Congreso del Estado de Veracruz". Retrieved 11 June 2013.

[5] "Falleció la primera actriz María Elena Marqués". El Siglo de Durango. 12 November 2008.

[6] "Consejeros Ciudadanos para dar seguimiento al plan para la prevención y el combate a la corrupción". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 11 June 2013.

[7] "Fallece Humberto Serrano Pérez, líder máximo de la CAM". Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2013.

[Klesner-8] Klesner, Joseph L. (28–31 August 1997). "Electoral reform in Mexico's hegemonic party system: Perpetuation of privilege or democratic advance?". Retrieved 31 May 2013.

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