Lev Artsimovich
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Lev Artsimovich | |
|---|---|
 Lev Artsimovich | |
| Born | February 25, 1909 |
| Died | March 1, 1973 (aged 64) |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Known for | Plasma, Tokamak |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physicist |
Lev Andreyevich Artsimovich (Арцимович, Лев Андреевич in Russian; also transliterated Arzimowitsch) (February 25, 1909 – March 1, 1973) was a Soviet physicist, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1953), member of the Presidium of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (since 1957), and Hero of Socialist Labour (1969).
Academic research[]
Artsimovich worked on the field of nuclear fusion and plasma physics.[1]
From 1930 to 1944 he worked at the Ioffe Institute, and in 1944 he joined the "Laboratory number 2" (currently Kurchatov Institute) for work on the Soviet atomic bomb project. From 1951 to his death in 1973, he was the head of the Soviet fusion power program.
He was known as "the father of the Tokamak",[2] a special concept for a fusion reactor. Once Artsimovich was asked when the first thermonuclear reactor would start its work. He replied: "When mankind needs it, maybe a short time before that."[3]
Under his guidance a thermonuclear fusion reaction was produced in the laboratory for the first time.
From 1963 to 1973 he was the vice-chairman of the Soviet Pugwash Committee and the chairman of the National Committee of Soviet Physicists.
He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1966.[4] The crater Artsimovich on the Moon is named after him.
Honours and awards[]
- 1946 – Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
- 1953 – Academician of the USSR
- 1953 – Stalin Prize, first class
- 1957 – Academician-secretary of the Department of General Physics and Astronomy, USSR Academy of Sciences, member of the Presidium of the USSR
- 1958 – Lenin Prize
- 1965 – Honorary Member of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
- 1966 – Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- 1968 – Foreign Member of the Swedish Academy of Sciences
- 1969 – Honorary Member of the
- 1969 – Hero of Socialist Labour
- 1970 – Honorary Citizen of Texas (USA)
- 1971 – USSR State Prize
- 1972 – Honorary Doctor of the University of Warsaw
- Four Orders of Lenin
- Two Orders of the Red Banner of Labour
See also[]
References[]
- ^ Coppi, Bruno; Feld, Bernard T. (July 1973). "Obituary: L. A. Artsimovich". Physics Today. 26 (7): 60–61. Bibcode:1973PhT....26g..60C. doi:10.1063/1.3128152.
- ^ Information, Reed Business (1976-08-26). Fusion power - a step in the right direction.
- ^ "Chris Smith, The Path to Fusion Power".
- ^ "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter A" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
External links[]
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- 1909 births
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- Scientists from Moscow
- Belarusian State University alumni
- Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
- Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin
- Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology faculty
- Saint Petersburg State University faculty
- Heroes of Socialist Labour
- Stalin Prize winners
- Lenin Prize winners
- Recipients of the Order of Lenin
- Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
- Recipients of the USSR State Prize
- Jewish inventors
- Jewish Russian physicists
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- Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery