Liatris
Liatris | |
---|---|
Liatris spicata | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Asterales |
Family: | Asteraceae |
Subfamily: | Asteroideae |
Supertribe: | Helianthodae |
Tribe: | Eupatorieae |
Subtribe: | |
Genus: | Liatris Gaertn. ex Schreb. |
Synonyms[1] | |
|
Liatris (/laɪˈætrɪs/[2]), commonly known as gayfeather[3], is a genus of flowering plants in the boneset tribe within the sunflower family native to North America (Canada, United States, Mexico and the Bahamas).[4][5][6] Its most common name is blazing star.[6][7] Some species are used as ornamental plants, sometimes in flower bouquets.
They are perennials, surviving the winter in the form of corms.[6]
Liatris species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the flower moths Schinia gloriosa and Schinia sanguinea, both of which feed exclusively on the genus, and Schinia tertia and Schinia trifascia.
Classification[]
Liatris is in the tribe Eupatorieae of the aster family. Like other members of this tribe, the flower heads have disc florets and no ray florets. Liatris is in the subtribe Liatrinae along with Trilisa, Carphephorus, and other genera.[8][9] Liatris is closely related to Garberia, a genus with only one species endemic to Florida. The two genera can be distinguished by the shrub form of the latter and by karyotype.[10]
Species[]
Species in the genus include:[1][6][7][11][12][13]
- Liatris acidota – sharp blazing star, Gulf Coast blazing star - TX LA
- Liatris aestivalis – summer blazing star - TX OK
- Liatris aspera – tall blazing star - ONT, United States (Mississippi Valley, Great Lakes, scattered locales in East)
- - Allegheny Mountains of PA
- - GA AL
- Liatris bracteata – bracted blazing star - TX
- Liatris chapmanii – Chapman's blazing star - FL GA AL
- Liatris cokeri – Coker's blazing star - NC SC
- Liatris compacta – scaly blazing star - AR OK
- - ONT
- Liatris cylindracea – Ontario blazing star, fewhead blazing star - ONT, central + southeastern United States
- Liatris cymosa – branched blazing star - TX
- - MN
- Liatris elegans – pinkscale blazing star, elegant blazing star - TX OK AR LA MS AL FL GA SC
- – shaggy blazing star - TN MS AL GA FL
- - ND
- - MN MO
- – Garber's blazing star - FL Bahamas
- – Gholson's blazing star - FL
- - ONT, MI WI IL
- – glandular blazing star - TX
- – slender blazing star - MS AL GA FL SC
- Liatris helleri – Heller's blazing star, turgid blazing star - MD WV VA NC
- Liatris hirsuta – hairy blazing star - central + southeastern United States
- – shortleaf blazingstar - FL GA
- Liatris lancifolia – lanceleaf blazingstar - NM TX CO WY KS NE SD IA
- Liatris ligulistylis – Rocky Mountain blazing star, strap-style blazing star - MAN SAS ALB ND SD MN WI IL IA MO NE WY MT CO NM
- Liatris microcephala – small-head blazing star - NC SC GA AL TN KY
- Liatris novae-angliae – New England blazing-star
- Liatris ohlingerae – Florida blazing star, scrub blazing star - FL
- Liatris oligocephala – Cahaba torch - AL
- – spreading blazing star, Georgia blazing star - FL GA SC
- – fewflower blazing star - AL GA FL SC NC
- – grass-leaf blazing star, shaggy blazing star - SC NC VA MD DE PA NJ
- - LA
- Liatris provincialis – Godfrey's blazing star - FL
- Liatris punctata – dotted blazing star, plains gayfeather - MAN SAS ALB eastern + central United States Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí
- Liatris pycnostachya – prairie blazing star, button snakeroot, cattail gayfeather, thickspike gayfeather, Kansas gayfeather - QUE eastern United States
- - IL KS
- – savanna blazing star - FL
- Liatris scariosa – northern gayfeather, devil's bite - eastern + central United States
- - LA
- - ONT
- Liatris spicata – dense blazing star, button snakewort, florist gayfeather, marsh blazingstar, prairie-pine - ONT QUE eastern United States
- Liatris squarrosa – loosescale gayfeather, colicroot, scaly blazing star - central + southeastern United States
- Liatris squarrulosa – southern gayfeather, Appalachian blazing star - south-central + southeastern United States
- - IL IN KY
- – pine-needle gayfeather, shortleaf gayfeather - MS AL GA TN SC
- – gulf blazing star, Shinners' gayfeather - TX LA
- – wand blazing star, King's Mountain gayfeather, piedmont gayfeather - VA WV NC SC GA
- - NE
References[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Liatris. |
Wikispecies has information related to Liatris. |
- ^ a b Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist Archived 2014-12-17 at archive.today
- ^ Sunset Western Garden Book. 1995. 606–07.
- ^ https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=37906#null
- ^ Schreber, Johann Christian Daniel von. 1791. Genera Plantarum 2: 542
- ^ "Liatris". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- ^ a b c d Nesom, Guy L. (2006). "Liatris". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 21. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ a b "Liatris". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
- ^ Schmidt, G. J. and E. E. Schilling (2000). "Phylogeny and biogeography of Eupatorium (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae) based on nuclear ITS sequence data". American Journal of Botany. Botanical Society of America. 87 (5): 716–726. doi:10.2307/2656858. JSTOR 2656858. PMID 10811796.
- ^ "Asteraceae subtribe Liatrinae". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
- ^ Lamont, Eric E. (2006). "Garberia". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 21. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ GRIN Species Records of Liatris. GRIN.
- ^ "Liatris". County-level distribution maps from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
- ^ Turner, B. L. 1997. The Comps of Mexico: A systematic account of the family Asteraceae, vol. 1 – Eupatorieae. Phytologia Memoirs 11: i–iv, 1–272
- Liatris
- Asteraceae genera
- Flora of North America
- Cormous plants