List of Australian place names changed from German names
During World War I, many German or German-sounding place names in Australia were changed due to anti-German sentiment.[1] The presence of German-derived place names was seen as an affront to the war effort at the time.[citation needed]
The names of locations were often anglicised (such as Peterborough), given Aboriginal names (Kobandilla, Karawirra), or named after notable soldiers (Kitchener and Holbrook), or World War I battlefields (Verdun, The Somme).
New South Wales[]
Old name | New name | Date of name change | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Bismarck Street (Canterbury) | Cressy Street | December 1914[2][3][4] | |
Bismarck Street (Kogarah) | Kitchener Street | 10 November 1914[5] | |
Deutschland Street (Canterbury) | Onslow Street | December 1914[2][3][4] | |
Germanton | Holbrook | 20 September 1915[6] | |
German's Hill | 1 February 1916[6] | ||
German Creek | 1 May 1915[6] | ||
Hamburger Street (Punchbowl) | Victoria Road | December 1914[2] | |
Kaiser Street (Canterbury) | Mons Street | December 1914[2][3][4] | |
Reuss Street (Merewether) | Kilgour Avenue | 14 January 1918[7] | Newcastle section renamed 1918. Merewether Municipality section Reuss Street until 1938.[8] |
Schlinkers Lane (Ultimo, Sydney) | Bullecourt Lane | 1917 | No longer exists. Development on 428-466 Harris Street, Ultimo is named "Bullecourt Place". |
Webber's Road (Kogarah) | English Street | 7 September 1915[9] |
Queensland[]
South Australia[]
The South Australian Nomenclature Act 1917 authorised the compilation and gazetting of a list of place-names contained in a report of the previous October prepared by a parliamentary "nomenclature committee", and authorised the Governor of South Australia, by proclamation, to "alter any place-name which he deems to be of enemy origin to some other name specified in the proclamation".[13] The table below includes the 69 changes gazetted on 10 January 1918.[14]
The Nomenclature Act 1935 restored the former names of the towns of Hahndorf and Lobethal, and the Adelaide suburb of Klemzig.[15] About 20 other names were reverted in the 1970s and 1980s; some of them were assigned to larger localities rather than reverting to the original place name, as also shown in the table.
Old name | New name | Date of name change | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Bartsch's Creek | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to Bartsch Creek 1986 | |
Berlin Rock | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Bethanien | Bethany | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Bismarck | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Blumberg | Birdwood | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Blumenthal | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Buchfelde[16] | Loos | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to Buchfelde |
Cape Bauer | Cape Wondoma | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to in 1948 |
Carlsruhe | Kunden | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Ehrenbreistein | 10 January 1918[17] | ||
Ferdinand Creek[18] | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Mount Ferdinand[18] | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Friedrichstadt | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Friedrichswalde | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Gebhardt's Hills | Polygon Ridge | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to in 1986 |
German Creek | Benara Creek | 10 January 1918[17] | Reverted in 1986 |
German Pass | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Germantown Hill | Vimy Ridge | 10 January 1918[14] | Became part of Bridgewater; road name (only) reverted to Germantown Hill Road |
Gottlieb's Well | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Grunberg | Karalta | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to Gruenberg in 1975 |
Grunthal | Verdun | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Hahndorf | Ambleside | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to Hahndorf in 1935[15] |
Hasse's Mound | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Heidelberg | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Hergott Springs | Marree | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Hildesheim | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Hoffnungsthal | Karawirra | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to Hoffnungsthal in 1975 |
Hundred of Basedow[19] | Hundred of French | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Hundred of Homburg[20] | Hundred of Haig | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Hundred of Krichauff | Hundred of Beatty | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Hundred of Paech[21] | Hundred of Cannawigara | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Hundred of Pflaum[22] | Hundred of Geegeela | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Hundred of Rhine (North) | Hundred of Jellicoe | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Hundred of Rhine (South) | Hundred of Jutland | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Hundred of Scherk[23] | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Hundred of Schomburgk[24] | Hundred of Maude | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Hundred of Von Doussa[25] | Hundred of Allenby | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Jaenschtown | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Kaiserstuhl | Mount Kitchener | 10 January 1918[14] | Renamed Kaiser's Seat in 1975; subsequently changed to Kaiserstuhl |
Klaebes | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Klemzig | Gaza | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to Klemzig in 1935;[15] football club retained the name Gaza |
Krause Rock | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Krichauff[26] | Beatty | 10 January 1918[14] | Changed to Mount Mary 1940 |
Kronsdorf | Kabminye | 10 January 1918[14] | Changed to Krondorf in 1975 |
Langdorf | Kaldukee | 10 January 1918[14] | Incorporated in the bounded locality of Tanunda |
Langmeil | Bilyara (near Tanunda) | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to Langmeil in 1975 |
Lobethal | Tweedvale | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to Lobethal in 1935[15] |
Mount Meyer | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Muller's Hill | 10 January 1918[14] | ||
Neudorf | Mamburdi | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted 1986, became part of Lobethal |
Neukirch | Dimchurch | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to Neukirch in 1975 |
New Hamburg | Willyaroo | 10 January 1918[14] | |
New Mecklenburg | Gomersal | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Oliventhal | Olivedale | 10 January 1918[14] | Became part of Birdwood |
Petersburg | Peterborough | 10 January 1918[14] | The Petersburg Times protested against the change until 1919.[27] |
Rhine Park | Kongolia | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Rhine Hill | Mons Hill | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Rhine River North | The Somme | 10 January 1918[14] | Changed to 1971 |
Rhine River South | The Marne | 10 January 1918[14] | Changed to Marne River 1971 |
Rhine Villa | Cambrai | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Rosenthal | Rosedale | 10 January 1918[14] | |
Schoenthal | Boongala | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted 1986; incorporated in the bounded locality of Charleston |
Seppelts[28] | Dorrien | 10 January 1918[14] | Incorporated into the bounded locality of Nuriootpa |
Schreiberhau | Warre | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted 1975 |
Siegersdorf | Bultawilta | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted in 1975; incorporated into the bounded locality of Tanunda |
Steinfeld | Stonefield | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted 1986 |
Summerfeldt | Summerfield | 10 January 1918[14] | Incorporated into the bounded locality of Palmer |
Vogelsang's Corner | Teerkoore | 10 January 1918[14] | Reverted to Vogelsang Corner 1986; incorporated into the bounded locality of Geranium Plains |
Wusser's Nob | Karun Nob | 10 January 1918[14] | Changed to in 1983 |
Tasmania[]
Old name | New name | Date of name change | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Bismarck | Collinsvale | 1 July 1915[29] | |
Germantown | Lilydale | [30] |
Victoria[]
Old name | New name | Date of name change | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Germantown | Grovedale | 1 March 1916[31] | |
Hochkirch | Tarrington | 1 March 1918[31] | |
Mount Bismarck | |||
Reinholtz's PO | Reynold's PO | 5 November 1920[31] | |
Waldkirch | Freshwater Creek (Anglesea Road, south-west of Grovedale)[citation needed] | ||
Weinberg Road, Hawthorn | Wattle Road | ||
West Prussia Road, Wantirna | Wantirna Road | ||
Grünwald | Arkona | ||
Bismarck Avenue, Surrey Hills | Warwick Avenue | December 1918[32] | |
Bismarck Street (off Doncaster Road), Doncaster | Victoria Street | circa 1914[33] |
Western Australia[]
Old name | New name | Date of name change | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Heidelberg | Bickley | [34] | |
Mueller Park | reverted to Mueller Park 1981 |
See also[]
- German Australian
- German settlement in Australia
- Berlin to Kitchener name change, parallel phenomenon in Canada
- Kitchener bun
References[]
- ^ "German Place Names". The Mail (Adelaide). 5 (234). South Australia. 11 November 1916. p. 11. Retrieved 1 July 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Jervis, James (1951). A History of the Municipality of Canterbury. Canterbury, NSW: Municipality of Canterbury. pp. 97–98.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "THE KAISER GOES". Evening News (14, 814). New South Wales, Australia. 1 December 1914. p. 3. Retrieved 22 December 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "ABOLISHING GERMAN NAMES". Evening News (14, 826). New South Wales, Australia. 15 December 1914. p. 3. Retrieved 22 December 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "KITCHENER-STREET". The Sydney Morning Herald (23, 976). New South Wales, Australia. 12 November 1914. p. 10. Retrieved 22 December 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Phoenix Auctions History. "Post Office List- NSW". Phoenix Auctions. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ "CHANGING A GERMAN NAME". Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate (13, 478). New South Wales, Australia. 15 January 1918. p. 6. Retrieved 22 December 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "SHOULD GERMAN NAMES BE CHANGED?". The Sydney Morning Herald (24, 974). New South Wales, Australia. 21 January 1918. p. 8. Retrieved 22 December 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "THE NAME OF A STREET". Barrier Miner. XXVIII (8447). New South Wales, Australia. 14 September 1915. p. 1. Retrieved 22 December 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m Phoenix Auctions History. "Post Office List- Queensland". Phoenix Auctions. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ "CHANGE FOR THE BETTER". Cairns Post (Qld. : 1909 - 1954). Qld.: National Library of Australia. 13 January 1915. p. 4. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ "Marburg (entry 20917)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ^ Nomenclature Act 1917 (SA)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp "Nomenclature Act 1917 Change of place names" (PDF). The South Australian Government Gazette. Government of South Australia. 1918: 37. 10 January 1918. Retrieved 2 January 2021 – via AustLII.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Nomenclature Act (No 2231 of 1935)". Government of South Australia. p. 1. Retrieved 29 December 2018 – via AustLII.
- ^ Named for geologist and philanthropist Leopold von Buch
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Changing Names". The Daily Herald. 8 (2437). South Australia. 11 January 1918. p. 2. Retrieved 10 December 2019 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Named by Ernest Giles for botanist Ferdinand von Mueller.
- ^ Named for M. F. Basedow MHA, MLC.
- ^ Named for Robert Homburg MHA.
- ^ Named for Friedrich Paech MHA.
- ^ Named for Friedrich Pflaum MHA
- ^ Named for Johann Theodor Scherk MHA
- ^ Named for Moritz Richard Schomburgk, director of Adelaide Botanic Garden
- ^ Named for Alfred von Doussa MLC.
- ^ Named for F. E. H. W. Krichauff MLC.
- ^ "Our New Title". The Times and Northern Advertiser, Peterborough, South Australia. National Library of Australia. 9 May 1919. p. 2. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
- ^ Named for winemaker Joseph Ernst Seppelt
- ^ Phoenix Auctionsl History. "Post Office List- Tasmania". Phoenix Auctions. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ "Lilydale". The Age. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Phoenix Auctions History. "Post Office List- Victoria". Phoenix Auctions. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ "Camberwell City Council". Camberwell and Hawthorn Advertiser. 20 December 1918. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
- ^ Betty Smith nee Thiele resident at the time
- ^ Phoenix Auctions History. "Post Office List- WA". Phoenix Auctions. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
External links[]
- Lists of places in Australia
- Australia in World War I
- 1910s in Australia
- Australia geography-related lists
- Lists of cities by toponymy
- Anti-German sentiment
- German-Australian culture
- History of Australia (1901–1945)
- Australian place names
- City name changes