List of Catholic authors

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The authors listed on this page should be limited to those who identify as Catholic authors in some form. This does not mean they are necessarily orthodox in their beliefs. It does mean they identify as Catholic in a religious, cultural, or even aesthetic manner. The common denominator is that at least some (and preferably the majority) of their writing is imbued with a Catholic religious, cultural or aesthetic sensibility.

Asian languages[]

Chinese language[]

  • Xu Guangqi – One of the Three Pillars of Chinese Catholicism. He was a Chinese scholar-bureaucrat, agronomist, astronomer, mathematician, and writer during the Ming dynasty. Xu was a colleague and collaborator of the Italian Jesuits Matteo Ricci and Sabatino de Ursis and assisted their translation of several classic Western texts into Chinese, including part of Euclid's Elements.
  • Su Xuelin – Chinese educator, essayist, novelist and poet; she described Thorny Heart as a description of her 'personal journey on the road to Catholicism'[1]
  • John Ching Hsiung Wu – jurist and author; wrote in Chinese, English, French, and German on Christian spirituality, Chinese literature and legal topics
  • Li Yingshi – was a Ming Chinese military officer and a renowned mathematician,[1] astrologer and feng shui expert, who was among the first Chinese literati to become Christian. Converted to Catholicism by Matteo Ricci and Diego de Pantoja, the first two Jesuits to establish themselves in Beijing.

Japanese language[]

  • Shusaku Endo – Japanese Roman Catholic novelist; recipient of 1955 Akutagawa Prize
  • Ayako Sono – Japanese Roman Catholic novelist; part of the Third Generation
  • Jacobo Kyushei Tomonaga – He composed one of the first modern Japanese dictionaries.

Vietnamese language[]

European languages[]

Albanian language[]

  • Gjon Buzuku – priest; wrote the first known printed book in Albanian.
  • Pal Engjëlli – Archbishop; wrote the first known document in Albanian
  • Gjergj Fishta – poet; in 1937 he completed and published his epic masterpiece Lahuta e Malcís, an epic poem written in the Gheg dialect of Albanian. It contains 17,000 lines and is considered the "Albanian Iliad". He is regarded among the most influential cultural and literary figures of the 20th century in Albania.
  • Ndre Mjeda – Jesuit poet; poems include "The Nightingale's Lament" and "Imitation of the Holy Virgin"
  • Giulio Variboba – poet; priest, of the Arbëresh Albanian people of Southern Italy, regarded by many Albanians as the first genuine poet in all of Albanian literature
  • Pjetër Budi – Bishop; known for his work "Doktrina e Kërshtenë" (The Christian Doctrine), an Albanian translation of the catechism of Robert Bellarmine.

Bosnian language[]

  • Matija Divković – was a Bosnian Franciscan and writer from Bosnia. He is considered to be the founder of the modern literature in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Croatian language[]

  • Ivan Gundulić – poet; work embodies central characteristics of Catholic Counter-Reformation
  • Marko Marulić – poet; inspired by the Bible, Antique writers, and Christian hagiographies
  • Andrija Kačić Miošić – poet
  • Petar Preradović – was a Croatian poet, writer, and military general of Serb origin. He was one of the most important Croatian poets of the 19th century Illyrian movement and the main representative of romanticism in Croatia.

Czech language[]

  • Jindřich Šimon Baar – ordained as a Catholic priest in 1892; wrote about church reform
  • Otokar Březina
  • Jan Čep
  • Jakub Deml – between 1902 and 1909 he was a Catholic priest; suspended in 1912; publishing of his books was prohibited after the communist coup
  • Ivan Diviš – converted to Catholicism in 1964 (during their Communist period); he left after the Prague Spring ended
  • Jaroslav Durych – originally a physician; essayist and poet; wrote the novel (from the Thirty Years' War), which was translated into several languages, including English
  • Tomáš Halík – priest and writer; priest in the underground church during Communism
  • Bohuslav Hasištejnský z Lobkovic – elected Bishop of Olomouc, but was refused by the pope
  • Václav Havel – playwright and President of the Czech Republic
  • Vladimír Holan – left the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and reentered the Catholic Church
  • Jan Lipšanský – contemporary Czech writer of Catholic essays (some of them broadcast by Vatican Radio) and some mystery stories with a modern monk solving them
  • Bohuslav Reynek
  • Jan Zahradníček – Catholic mystic poet of the early and mid-20th century; because of his writings he was imprisoned as an enemy of the Communists after their coup in 1948

Danish language[]

Dutch language[]

  • Bertus Aafjes (born Lambertus Jacobus Johannes Aafjes) – 20th-century poet; poems such as "Een Voetreis naar Rome" (1946) and "In den Beginne" (1949) show a strong Catholic faith
  • Guido Gezelle – priest (from the predominantly Catholic Flanders)
  • Vonne van der Meer – converted in the 1990s; married to Willem Jan Otten
  • Henri Nouwen
  • Willem Jan Otten – converted in the 1990s, a few years after his wife Vonne van der Meer
  • Gerard Reve
  • Godfried Bomans
  • Joost van den Vondel – dramatist and poet of the Dutch Golden Age; converted to Catholicism from a Mennonite background around 1641; his masterpieces are his dramas on religious and biblical themes, e.g., Lucifer, Noah and his short poems

English language[]

As the anti-Catholic laws were lifted in the mid-19th century, there was a revival of Catholicism in the British Empire. There has long been a distinct Catholic strain in English literature.

The most notable figures are Cardinal Newman, a convert, one of the leading prose writers of his time and also a substantial poet, and the priest-poet Gerard Manley Hopkins, also a convert, although most of the latter's works were only published many years after his death. In the early 20th century, G. K. Chesterton, a convert, and Hilaire Belloc, a French-born Catholic who became a British subject, promoted Roman Catholic views in direct apologetics as well as in popular, lighter genres, such as Chesterton's "Father Brown" detective stories. From the 1930s on the "Catholic novel" became a force impossible to ignore, with leading novelists of the day, Evelyn Waugh and Graham Greene, converts both, dealing with distinctively Catholic themes in their work. Although James Hanley was not a practising Catholic, a number of his novels emphasise Catholic beliefs and values, including The Furys Chronicle.

In America, Flannery O'Connor wrote powerful short stories with a Catholic sensibility and focus, set in the American South where she was decidedly in the religious minority.

A–C[]

  • Lord Acton – 19th-century English historian from a Catholic Recusant family; disagreed with ultramontanism and had Old Catholic Church sympathies, but never left the church; known for the aphorism that "power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely"
  • John L. Allen Jr. – journalist who has written on Opus Dei and Pope Benedict XVI
  • Elizabeth Anscombe – English philosopher
  • Kenneth Owen Arvidson (born 1938) – New Zealander poet
  • Maurice Baring – English man of letters, convert, friend of Belloc and Chesterton
  • James K Baxter (1926–1972) – New Zealander poet, dramatist, literary critic and social commentator; a convert to Catholicism[2]
  • Hilaire Belloc – strongly held, orthodox Catholic views; wrote apologetics, famous comic verse, historical, political and economic works and well-known account of a pilgrimage he took on foot, "The Path to Rome"; French-born but became a British subject and politician
  • author of the YA mystery novel
  • Robert Hugh Benson – convert and priest who wrote Lord of the World and apologetics
  • William Peter Blatty – screenwriter and novelist; known for the novel The Exorcist and Academy Award-winning screenplay adapting same
  • Giannina Braschi – 21st-century vanguard poet and novelist from Puerto Rico; author of Yo-Yo Boing! and Empire of Dreams
  • Martin Stanislaus Brennan – priest and scientist; wrote books about science and religion
  • Heywood Broun – convert
  • George Mackay Brown – Scottish poet and author
  • Orestes Brownson – 19th-century American writer and convert
  • Vincent Buckley – Australian poet
  • William F. Buckley, Jr. – American writer, journalist and conservative commentator; founder of the National Review; author of God and Man at Yale
  • Anthony Burgess – English novelist, critic and composer
  • Morley Callaghan – Canadian novelist and short-story writer
  • – British spiritual writer, biographer
  • Roy Campbell – South African poet; convert
  • – Filipino American poet and novelist; ordained an Augustinian friar in 1975; uses theological and philosophical imageries in his poetry; fierce critic of clericalism.
  • Geoffrey Chaucer – English poet of the Middle Ages; wrote The Canterbury Tales; he mocks corrupt clergy, but also presents an ideal priest who teaches sound Catholic doctrine in "The Parson's Tale"
  • Brainard Cheney – novelist and playwright; convert
  • G. K. Chesterton – English convert, wrote apologetics including Orthodoxy as well as novels, including The Man Who Was Thursday, poetry, biographies and literary studies, and lighter works including the "Father Brown" detective stories
  • Mary Higgins Clark – American mystery and thriller writer
  • Brian Coffey – Irish poet; wrote 'The Notion of Order According to St. Thomas Aquinas'
  • Robert Cormier – American young-adult writer
  • Felicitas Corrigan – nun and writer
  • Richard Crashaw – 17th-century metaphysical poet; convert; religious poetry includes the "Hymn to St. Teresa"

D–G[]

  • Bruce Dawe – Australian poet
  • Dorothy Day – American convert; co-founder of the Catholic Worker Movement
  • Christopher Dawson – British historian and convert; proposed that the medieval Catholic Church was an essential factor in the rise of European civilisation
  • Christopher Derrick – English non-fiction writer on contemporary issues
  • Michael Derrick – English journalist and pamphleteer
  • Annie Dillard – American writer of fiction and narrative non-fiction. While her website notes that she espouses no religion, her books deal deeply with theology and Catholic liturgy (especially Holy the Firm and Teaching a Stone to Talk)
  • E. J. Dionne – American journalist and political commentator; noted for coverage of Vatican City
  • Anna Hanson Dorsey – American novelist and writer for young people
  • Maureen Dowd – graduate of The Catholic University of America and practicing, but holds positions at variance with the church.[3]
  • Ernest Dowson – decadent poet; converted to Catholicism
  • John Dryden – poet of Restoration England; converted to Catholicism in his fifties; his long poem The Hind and the Panther (1687) explains the reasons for his conversion to the Church from Anglicanism
  • Eileen Duggan – New Zealand journalist and poet
  • Alice Thomas Ellis – novelist and convert from Positivism; became a conservative Roman Catholic critic of the Second Vatican Council and a regular columnist at The Catholic Herald newspaper
  • John Martin Finlay – Southern poet and writer, converted to Catholicism a year before his death in 1991
  • Mitch Finley – contemporary American writer of more than 30 nonfiction books on Catholic topics
  • F. Scott Fitzgerald – raised Catholic, married in a Catholic church, and categorised as Catholic, though he was not a practicing one for most of his life
  • Joseph Fitzmyer – priest and writer
  • Robert J. Fox – writes religious works; director and founder of the Fatima Family Apostolate
  • Sinéad Flanagan – writer and poet (husband was Éamon de Valera)
  • Michael F. Flynn – American science fiction novelist, author of Eifelheim
  • Lady Antonia Fraser – Roman Catholic (converted with her parents as a child); caused a public scandal in 1977 by leaving her Catholic husband for Harold Pinter
  • Brian Friel – some pre-Christian Celtic elements are in his writing too though
  • Maggie Gallagher – socially conservative writer and commentator; has campaigned against abortion and gay marriage
  • Dana Gioia – American poet and critic; wrote Can Poetry Matter?; recipient of the Laetare Medal award
  • Robert Girardi – his novels, but especially A Vaudeville of Devils: Seven Moral Tales examine ethical and religious themes
  • Rumer Godden – after her conversion, she wrote about the mystical aspects of the faith
  • Caroline Gordon – convert; novelist and short-story writer
  • Clotilde Graves – convert; novelist and short-story writer
  • Andrew Greeley – Irish-American Roman Catholic priest and novelist
  • Graham Greene – English novelist; a convert who wrote The Power and the Glory and focused on themes of human sin and divine mercy; other of his books in which Catholicism plays a central role are Brighton Rock, The Heart of the Matter and The End of the Affair

H–K[]

  • Radclyffe Hall – English novelist, author of The Well of Loneliness.
  • Ron Hansen – contemporary American writer of Mariette in Ecstasy and The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford
  • Jon Hassler – American novelist
  • Seamus Heaney – Irish poet;[4][5] translated Beowulf; pre-Christian aspects are important in his work
  • Peter Hebblethwaite – English journalist and biographer
  • Ernest Hemingway – raised Protestant; converted to Catholicism
  • Tony Hendra – Father Joe: The Man Who Saved My Soul
  • Patrick Holland – Australian novelist and short-story writer
  • Tony Hillerman – author of mystery novels set among the Navajo of the American Southwest
  • Rosamund Hodge – American novelist and short-story writer; works include "Cruel Beauty" and "Crimson Bound"
  • Gerard Manley Hopkins – 19th-century convert; became a Jesuit priest and poet; known for poems including "The Wreck of the Deutschland" and "God's Grandeur"
  • Paul Horgan
  • Stephen Hough – British musician and writer, author of The Bible as Prayer - a handbook for Lectio Divina, The Final Retreat, a novel about sexual addiction and despair in the life of a priest, Rough Ideas, a book of essays about music and many religious topics.
  • Deal W. Hudson – American Catholic writer, philosopher, radio show host, and political commentator.
  • Robert Hutchinson – American religion writer, columnist and essayist, author of When in Rome: A Journal of Life in Vatican City, The Politically Incorrect Guide to the Bible and Searching for Jesus: New Discoveries in the Quest for Jesus of Nazareth.
  • Elizabeth Inchbald – early-19th-century English actress, novelist, and playwright
  • Laura Ingraham – conservative commentator, author and radio show host; often appears on Fox News and EWTN
  • Lionel Johnson – late-19th-century English poet and convert
  • Paul Johnson – historian and journalist – wrote A History of Christianity, Pope John Paul II and the Catholic Restoration, and others books
  • David Jones – British modernist poet; much of his work shows the influence of his conversion to Catholicism
  • James Joyce – Irish novelist from a middle-class Catholic family; Jesuit-educated; novels include Ulysses and Finnegans Wake; novels are permeated by Catholic themes and concepts; may have rejected the church as an adult (some critics/biographers opine that he never really left or later reconciled in some regard)
  • Julian of Norwich – late-14th- and early-15th-century English mystic and anchoress; she either wrote or dictated her mystical experiences consciously to instruct others; both the original version and the revised version are known as either A Revelation of Divine Love or simply Showings
  • George Kelly – Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright; uncle of Grace Kelly
  • Margery Kempe – 15th-century English lay woman and self-proclaimed mystic; wrote one of the first, if not the first, autobiographies in the English language
  • Jack Kerouac – Beat author of On the Road; son of French-Canadian immigrants; born and reared a Catholic; experimented with Buddhism and later returned to Catholicism
  • Joyce Kilmer – poet; a convert; poetry titles include The Robe of Christ and The Rosary
  • Russell Kirk – American conservative political theorist and man of letters
  • Ronald Knox – convert who became a Roman Catholic priest; translated the Bible from the Latin Vulgate in the 20th century; wrote in a diverse range of genres, including detective stories, essays, sermons and satire
  • Dean Koontz – American novelist; known for moralistic thrillers; converted to Catholicism while in college
  • Peter Kreeft – professor of philosophy at Boston College and The King's College; writer of numerous books as well as a writer of Christian philosophy, theology and apologetics
  • Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn – Austrian political writer and novelist, whose most influential works were first published in English

L–M[]

  • Jane Lane – wrote historical novels and biographies from a Catholic perspective
  • George Parsons Lathrop – convert; was one of the founders of the Catholic Summer School of America
  • Patrick Anthony Lawlor (1893–1979) – New Zealand writer
  • Penny Lernoux – writer for the National Catholic Reporter, former nun and Catholic critic of the hierarchy; died of lung cancer at age 49
  • Elmore Leonard – Jesuit education
  • David Lodge – contemporary British novelist; often deals with the turmoil of the post-Vatican II church in his work; mother of Irish descent
  • Barry Lopez – American short-story writer and essayist
  • John Lukacs – Hungarian-American historian; his view of history is deeply influenced by Catholicism
  • Sara Maitland – feminist writer; has made use of Catholic spiritual themes[6]
  • Rosie Malek-Yonan – author of The Crimson Field
  • Paul Mariani – American poet, critic, memoirist; biographer of William Carlos Williams, Hart Crane, John Berryman, Robert Lowell and Gerard Manley Hopkins
  • Malachi Martin – Irish-American novelist
  • Bruce Marshall – Scottish writer
  • Francis A. Marzen – Hawaiian journalist
  • Bernadette Devlin McAliskey – Northern Irish Catholic nationalist politician and writer
  • James McAuley – 20th-century Australian poet; a convert to Catholicism; many of his poems are imbued with a Catholic vision, e.g. his long poem "Captain Quiros"
  • Frank McCourt and Malachy McCourt – American Catholic brothers; Irish Catholic identities and cultures; writers/novelists
  • Henry McDonald – Roman Catholic writer and columnist for The Guardian
  • Ralph McInerny – Irish-American philosophy professor at Notre Dame University; named the Michael P. Grace Professor of Medieval Studies and Director of the Jacques Maritain Center; awarded the Bouchercon Lifetime Achievement Award; former member of the President's Committee on Arts and Humanities; wrote the Father Dowling series of mystery novels and many academic books on Catholic philosophy
  • Marshall McLuhan – Canadian philosopher and communications theorist; a convert to Catholicism
  • Thomas Merton – American monk and writer
  • Alice Meynell – convert and suffragist, much of her poetry is religiously themed.
  • Sandra Miesel – co-writer of The Da Vinci Hoax
  • St. Thomas More – statesman, lawyer, and martyr of Henry VIII's reign was also an author renowned across Europe; most of his works were written in Latin, but later devotional writings, e.g., his Dialogue of Comfort against Tribulation, were in English
  • Thomas Moore – 19th-century Irish poet[7][8]
  • J. B. Morton – English comic writer
  • Malcolm Muggeridge – journalist, broadcaster and writer; his conversion was linked to Mother Teresa
  • Timothy L. Murphy was appointed Santa Clara University's 16th president after the presidency of Walter F. Thornton and was the author of Discovery of America by the Irish Previous to the Ninth Century
  • Les Murray (1938–2019)  – Australian poet; a convert to Catholicism

N–R[]

  • John Henry Newman – convert; became a Catholic priest and later a Cardinal; master of English prose, e.g., his Apologia Pro Vita Sua; also wrote poetry, e.g., Lead, Kindly Light and The Dream of Gerontius
  • Aidan Nichols – Catholic theologian
  • Henri Nouwen – Dutch Catholic priest; left academic post to work with the mentally challenged at the L'Arche community of Daybreak in Toronto, Canada
  • Michael Novak – contemporary politically conservative American political writer
  • Alfred Noyes – English poet; known for "The Highwayman"; wrote about his conversion to Catholicism in The Unknown God (1934)
  • Kate O'Beirne – wrote syndicated columns for the National Review and other conservative publications; also wrote books
  • Flannery O'Connor – her writing was deeply informed by the sacramental, and the Thomist notion that the created world is charged with God; like Graham Greene and Francois Mauriac she often focused on sin and human evil
  • Flann O'Brien – Irish comic writer
  • Lee Oser – American novelist and literary critic; Christian humanist
  • Coventry Patmore – 19th-century poet; a convert
  • Craig Paterson – philosopher and writer on bioethics
  • Joseph Pearce – English literary scholar and critic; former British National Front member who renounced racism on conversion; edited the anthology Flowers of Heaven: 1000 Years of Christian Verse; biographer of Oscar Wilde and Hilaire Belloc
  • Walker Percy – Southern American convert and novelist who helped create the Fellowship of Southern Writers. He was also the man who discovered and helped publish the work of the deceased John Kennedy Toole. His most well-known novel, The Moviegoer, won the U.S. National Book Award for Fiction in 1962.
  • David Pietrusza – American historian, editor of "Sursum Corda: Documents and Readings on the Traditional Latin Mass"
  • Ramesh Ponnuru – American conservative political writer; wrote The Party of Death attacking the pro-choice lobby in the United States
  • Alexander Pope – English poet; a Roman Catholic in a period when that was potentially unsafe in England (the early 18th century)
  • Katherine Anne Porter – on-again and then off-again convert
  • J. F. Powers – American writer of stories about clerical life
  • Tim Powers – American fantasy novelist, author of On Stranger Tides
  • – American Catholic writer-convert, author of three books about the messages of Our Lady Of Fatima. President Of The Fatima Family Apostolate
  • Timothy Radcliffe – Dominican Order lecturer, writer, and professor
  • Piers Paul Read – contemporary but orthodox Catholic British novelist; vice president of the
  • Anne Rice – American writer; after a long separation from her Catholic faith during which she described herself as atheist, she returned to the church in 1998 and pledged to use her talents to glorify God; in 2010, she recanted her faith, declaring that she was going to follow Christ without Christianity, out of solidarity for her gay son
  • David Adams Richards – award-winning Canadian novelist, essayist and screenwriter; from New Brunswick
  • Francis Ripley – English priest; wrote about the faith
  • Richard Rohr – contemporary American Franciscan friar
  • Frederick Rolfe (alias Baron Corvo) – late-19th- and early-20th-century novelist; a failed aspirant to the priesthood
  • Raymond Roseliep – American priest and poet
  • Kevin Rush – American lay Catholic, playwright of award-winning stage play, Crossing Event Horizon, about a Catholic high school guidance counselor's midlife crisis, and novelist, author of Earthquake Weather, a novel for Catholic teens, and The Lance and the Veil, an adventure in the time of Christ.

S–Z[]

  • George Santayana – Spanish-American philosopher and novelist; baptised Catholic; despite taking a sceptical stance in his philosophy to belief in the existence of God, he identified himself with Catholic culture, referring to himself as an "aesthetic Catholic"
  • Steven Schloeder – American architect and theologian; wrote book (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1998)
  • William Shakespeare – regarded by most to be the greatest playwright and poet in the English language, as well as being one of the greatest writers in the world; although disputed, a growing number of biographers and critics hold that his religion was Catholic
  • John Patrick Shanley – screenwriter and playwright; educated by the Irish Christian Brothers and the Sisters of Charity
  • Patrick Augustine Sheehan – Canon Sheehan of Doneraile, Catholic priest, novelist essayist and poet; significant figure of the renouveau Catholique in English literature in the United States and in Europe
  • Dame Edith Sitwell – English poet; a convert
  • Robert Smith – American Catholic priest, author and educator
  • Joseph Sobran – wrote for The Wanderer, an orthodox Roman Catholic journal
  • St. Robert Southwell – 16th-century Jesuit; martyred during the persecutions of Elizabeth I; wrote religious poetry, i.e., "The Burning Babe", and Catholic tracts
  • Dame Muriel Spark – Scottish novelist; decided to join the Roman Catholic Church in 1954 and considered it crucial in her becoming a novelist in the tradition of Evelyn Waugh and Graham Greene; novels often focus on human evil and sin
  • Robert Spencer – writer and commentator on Islam and jihad
  • Karl Stern – German-Jewish convert and psychiatrist
  • Francis Stuart – Australian-born Irish-nationalist Catholic convert; son-in-law of Maud Gonne; accused of anti-Semitism in his later years by Maire McEntee O'Brien and Kevin Myers
  • Jon M. Sweeney – American author of many books on religion, popular history, and memoir; convert
  • Harry Sylvester – American journalist, short story writer, and novelist; most famous books were the Catholic novels Dayspring and Moon Gaffney
  • Ellen Tarry – writer of young-adult literature and The Third Door: The Autobiography of an American Negro Woman
  • Allen Tate – convert; poet and essayist
  • Francis Thompson – 19th-century poet; wrote the devotional poem "The Hound of Heaven"
  • Colm Toibin – Irish actor and writer; wrote The Sign of the Cross
  • J. R. R. Tolkien – writer of The Lord of the Rings; devout and practicing Catholic
  • John Kennedy Toole – Pulitzer Prize-winning writer of A Confederacy of Dunces.
  • F. X. Toole (born Jerry Boyd) – Irish-American Catholic
  • Meriol Trevor – convert; author of historical novels, biographies, and children's stories
  • Lizzie Velásquez – writer of self-help, autobiographical, and young adult non-fiction
  • Elena Maria Vidal – historical novelist
  • Louie Verrecchio – Italian-American columnist for Catholic News Agency and author of Catholic faith formation materials and related books.
  • Christopher Villiers – British Catholic theologian and poet; author of Sonnets From the Spirit.
  • Maurice Walsh – one of the most popular Irish writers of the 1930s and 1940s, now chiefly remembered for the Hollywood film of his short story 'The Quiet Man;' wrote for the Irish Catholic magazine the Capuchin Annual and listed in the 1948 publication 'Catholic Authors: Contemporary Biographical Sketches, 1930–1952, Volume 1;'
  • Auberon Waugh – comic novelist and columnist; son of Evelyn Waugh
  • Evelyn Waugh – novelist; converted to Roman Catholicism in 1930; his religious ideas are manifest, either explicitly or implicitly, in all of his later work; strongly orthodox and conservative Roman Catholic
  • Morris West – Australian writer; several of his novels are set in the Vatican
  • Donald E. Westlake – American writer; three-time Edgar Award winner
  • Antonia White – author of four novels - including her 1933 novel Frost in May, based on her experiences at her Catholic boarding school - two children's books, and a short story collection.
  • Henry William Wilberforce – English journalist and essayist
  • Tennessee Williams – convert, American playwright and poet, who wrote such noted plays as The Glass Menagerie, , and A Streetcar Named Desire.
  • D.B. Wyndham-Lewis – English comic writer and biographer
  • Oscar Wilde – late-19th-century playwright and poet; fascinated by Catholicism as a young man and much of his early poetry shows this heavy influence; embraced a homosexual lifestyle later on, but converted to Catholicism on his deathbed (receiving a conditional baptism as there is some evidence, including his own vague recollection, that his mother had him baptised in the Catholic Church as a child[9][10])
  • Gene Wolfe – science-fiction author; has written many novels and multivolume series; some, such as the Book of the New Sun and the Book of the Long Sun, are considered to be religious allegory
  • Carol Zaleski – American philosopher of religion, essayist and author of books on Catholic theology and on comparative religion

French language[]

There was a strong Catholic strain in 20th-century French literature, encompassing Paul Claudel, Georges Bernanos, François Mauriac, and Julien Green.

A–K[]

  • Honoré de Balzac – 19th-century novelist; wrote in a preface to La Comédie Humaine that "Christianity, and especially Catholicism, being a complete repression of man's depraved tendencies, is the greatest element in Social Order"
  • Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly – 19th-century novelist and short story writer, who specialised in mysterious tales that examine hidden motivation and hinted evil bordering the supernatural
  • Charles Baudelaire – 19th-century decadent poet; long debate as to what extent Baudelaire was a believing Catholic; work is dominated by an obsession with the Devil and original sin, and often utilises Catholic imagery and theology
  • Georges Bernanos – novelist, a devout Catholic; novels include The Diary of a Country Priest
  • Leon Bloy – late-19th- and early-20th-century novelist
  • Louis Gabriel Ambroise de Bonald – counter-revolutionary philosophical writer
  • Jacques-Benigne Bossuet – 17th-century bishop, preacher and master of French prose; wrote famous funeral orations and doctrinal works
  • Pierre Boulle – writer; novels include The Bridge over the River Kwai (1952) and Planet of the Apes (1963)
  • Paul Bourget – novelist
  • Pierre Boutang
  • Jean Pierre de Caussade – Jesuit and spiritual writer
  • The Vicomte de Chateaubriand – founder of Romanticism in French literature; returned to the Catholic faith of his 1790s boyhood; wrote apologetic for Christianity, "Génie du christianisme" ("The Genius of Christianity"), which contributed to a post-Revolutionary revival of Catholicism in France
  • Paul Claudel – devout Catholic poet; a leading figure in French poetry of the early 20th century; author of verse dramas focusing on religious themes
  • François Coppée
  • Pierre Corneille – the founder of French tragedy; Jesuit-educated; translated The Imitation of Christ, Thomas à Kempis, into French verse
  • Léon Daudet
  • René Descartes – one of the most famous philosophers in the world; dubbed the father of modern philosophy; much subsequent Western philosophy is a response to his writings, which are studied closely to this day; also a mathematician and a scientist.
  • Pierre Duhem – late-19th-century physicist, historian and philosopher of physics
  • Saint Francis de Sales – Bishop of Geneva from 1602 to 1622; a Doctor of the Church; wrote classic devotional works, e.g., Introduction à la vie dévote (Introduction to the Devout Life) and Traité de l' Amour de Dieu (Treatise on the Love of God); Pope Pius XI proclaimed him patron saint of writers and journalists
  • François Fénelon – late-17th- and early-18th-century writer and archbishop; some of his writings were condemned as Quietist by Pope Innocent XII; he obediently submitted to the judgment of the Holy See
  • Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange – neo-Thomist theologian
  • Henri Ghéon – French poet and critic; his experiences as an army doctor during the First World War saw him regain his Catholic faith (as described in his work "L'homme né de la guerre", "The Man Born Out of the War"); from then on much of his work portrays episodes from the lives of the saints
  • Étienne Gilson – philosophical and historical writer and leading neo-Thomist
  • René Girard – historian, literary critic and philosopher
  • Julien Green – novelist and diarist; convert from Protestantism; A devout Catholic, most of his books focused on the ideas of faith and religion as well as hypocrisy.
  • Pierre Helyot – Franciscan history writer
  • Hergé – nom de plume of the writer and illustrator of Tintin, one of the most popular European comics of the 20th century, answer to Le Petit Vingtième request for a Catholic reporter that fought evil around the world
  • Victor Hugo – French novelist and poet
  • Joris-Karl Huysmans – originally a decadent novelist, his later novels, En Route (1895), La Cathédrale (1898) and L'Oblat (1903), trace his conversion to Roman Catholicism
  • Max Jacob
  • Francis Jammes – late-19th- and early-20th-century poet
  • Pierre de Jarric – French missionary and author
  • Marcel Jouhandeau

L–Z[]

  • Brother Lawrence – 17th-century Carmelite lay brother; known for the spiritual classic "The Practice of the Presence of God"
  • Frédéric Le Play
  • Henri de Lubac – priest (later cardinal) and leading theologian
  • Joseph de Maistre – late-18th- and early-19th-century writer and philosopher from Savoy, one of the most influential intellectual opponents of the French Revolution and a firm defender of the authority of the Papacy
  • Joseph Malègue – novelist
  • Gabriel Marcel – convert; philosopher and playwright
  • Jacques Maritain – convert; Catholic philosophical writer
  • Henri Massis
  • François Mauriac – devout Catholic novelist; a strong influence on Graham Greene, whose themes are sin and redemption; recipient of the 1952 Nobel Prize in Literature
  • Saint Louis de Montfort – priest; wrote The True Devotion to Mary; Catholic saint
  • Malika Oufkir – Moroccan writer imprisoned with her mother and siblings in a secret Saharan prison for 15 years; these years are recounted in her autobiography, La Prisonniere, later translated into English as Stolen Lives: Twenty Years in a Desert Jail
  • Blaise Pascal – polymath (physicist, mathematician and philosopher); made significant contributions to various fields including probability and mathematics; wrote Pensées
  • Charles Péguy – poet; long poems include "Mysteres de Charité de Jeanne d'Arc" ("Mysteries of the Charity of Joan of Arc") and "Le mystère des saints innocents" ("The Mystery of the Holy Innocents")
  • Charles Perrault – wrote epic Christian poetry before establishing the fairy tale literary genre with Tales of Mother Goose
  • Jean Raspail – 20th-century French novelist; known for Camp of the Saints
  • Pierre Reverdy – 20th-century French poet
  • Arthur Rimbaud – 19th-century poet and confessional writing pioneer; author of A Season in Hell; self-professed "voyant", or seer
  • Saint Therese of Lisieux – 19th-century Carmelite nun and now a Doctor of the Church; autobiography, L'histoire d'un âme (The Story of a Soul), was a best-seller and remains a spiritual classic
  • Gustave Thibon
  • Jules Verne – science-fiction writer
  • Louis Veuillot – 19th-century French Catholic journalist

German language[]

A–M[]

  • Franz Xaver von Baader
  • Hans Urs von Balthasar – theologian; wrote literary criticism and biographies of the saints
  • Heinrich Böll – novelist
  • Clemens Brentano – German poet and novelist of Italian origins; leading figure in the Romantic movement; later withdrew to a monastery and acted as secretary to the visionary nun Blessed Anne Catherine Emmerich
  • Hermann Broch – convert; author of modernist novels, The Death of Virgil and The Sleepwalkers
  • Heinrich Seuse Denifle – Austrian Dominican friar; historian and paleographer
  • Alfred Döblin – novelist; wrote the novel Berlin Alexanderplatz before he converted to Catholicism in 1941
  • Heimito von Doderer
  • Annette von Droste-Hülshoff – 19th-century poet; strict Catholic; many of her poems are religious
  • Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff – 19th-century poet and novelist
  • Joseph Görres – late-18th- and early-19th-century journalist and writer
  • Günter Grass
  • Romano Guardini – Italian-born German theologian
  • Theodor Haecker – translator and writer; convert; opponent of the Nazis
  • Karl Ludwig von Haller
  • Dietrich von Hildebrand – philosopher and theologian (wrote in both German and English); convert
  • Hugo von Hofmannsthal – late-19th- and early-20th-century Austrian poet and playwright; later plays revealed a growing interest in religious, and particularly Roman Catholic, themes
  • Elisabeth Langgässer (1899–1950) – Catholic writer; the Nazis deemed her "too Jewish"; admired by Pope Benedict XVI
  • Gertrud von Le Fort – convert
  • Alexander Lernet-Holenia
  • Martin Mosebach – novelist, poet, playwright, and noted critic of the liturgical reforms which followed Vatican II
  • Adam Müller

N–Z[]

  • Ludwig von Pastor – historian; wrote multi-volume history of the popes
  • Josef Pieper – German Thomist philosopher
  • Erich Maria Remarque
  • Joseph Roth – convert
  • Max Scheler
  • Friedrich von Schlegel – convert
  • Aloysius Schlör (1805-1852) Austrian ascetic writer
  • Carl Schmitt
  • Angelus Silesius – 17th-century convert to Catholicism from Lutheranism; became a priest and wrote religious poems, some of which became famous as hymns in the German-speaking world; some of his poetry seems to lean towards pantheism or quietism, but his prose works were orthodox, and the Catholic Encyclopedia says he repudiated any unorthodox interpretation of those poems
  • Robert Spaemann – philosopher
  • Othmar Spann
  • Friedrich von Spee – 17th-century Jesuit priest and author of religious poetry
  • Adrienne von Speyr
  • Adalbert Stifter
  • Count Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg-Stolberg – late-18th- and early 19th-century poet; convert
  • Blessed Henry Suso – 14th-century Dominican friar; devotional writer of the Middle Ages, including "the Minnesinger of Divine Love" in works such as his Little Book of Eternal Wisdom; his works contributed to the formation of German prose
  • Karl Freiherr von Vogelsang
  • Ernst Wiechert
  • Josef Weinheber

Icelandic language[]

  • Halldór Laxness – journalist, novelist, playwright, poet and short-story writer; recipient of the 1955 Nobel Prize in Literature, pre-1927 works only
  • Jón Sveinsson – Jesuit children's writer; lived in France after age 13, but wrote children's books in Icelandic

Irish language[]

  • Eibhlín Dubh Ní Chonaill (also known as Eileen O' Connell) – Irish noblewoman and poet; known for a lament on the death of her Catholic husband
  • Aogán Ó Rathaille (also known as Egan O'Rahilly) – Irish Jacobite poet; wrote of a decline for Catholics in Ireland[11]
  • Patrick Pearse (also known as Pádraic or Pádraig Pearse) – Irish teacher, barrister, poet, writer, nationalist and political activist; one of the leaders of the Easter Rising in 1916; educated by the Christian Brothers; established St. Enda's School; also wrote in English
  • Máirtín Ó Direáin, Irish-language poet.[12]
  • Amhlaoibh Ó Súilleabháin (1780 – 1838), Irish language author and one-time hedge school master; is also known as . Was deeply involved in Daniel O'Connell's Catholic Emancipation movement and in relief work among the poor of County Kilkenny. His diary, published later as Cín Lae Amhlaoibh, was kept between 1827 and 1835. "His personal charisma allowed him to cross social and religious barriers, and he used this affability to collect signatures in support of Catholic Emancipation – even getting non-Catholic friends to add their names to ‘The Protestant Declaration in favour of Catholic Emancipation’."[13]

Italian language[]

  • Giuseppe Agnelli – born in Naples; known for his catechetical and devotional works
  • Albert of Castile – (c. 1460–1522), Catholic priest and historian.
  • Ludovico Ariosto – poet; known for his romance epic poem Orlando Furioso (1516)
  • Riccardo Bacchelli
  • Baldassare Castiglione – in 1521, Pope Leo X conceded him the tonsura (first sacerdotal ceremony)
  • Saint Catherine of Siena – Doctor of the Church; wrote Dialogue of Divine Providence
  • Eugenio Corti
  • Dante Alighieri (simply called Dante) – his Divine Comedy is often considered the greatest Christian poem; Pope Benedict XV praised him in an encyclical, writing that of all Catholic literary geniuses "highest stands the name of Dante"[14]
  • Grazia Deledda – Italian novelist; recipient of 1926 Nobel Prize in Literature
  • Antonio Fogazzaro
  • Giovanni Guareschi – wrote the "Don Camillo" series of stories about a village priest and his rivalry with the Communist mayor
  • Alessandro Manzoni – wrote the novel I Promessi Sposi (The Betrothed) which reflects his Catholic faith; in his youth "he imbibed the anti-Catholic creed of Voltairianism", but after his marriage, under the influence of his wife, he "exchanged it for a fervent Catholicism"
  • Giovanni Papini
  • Francesco Petrarca
  • Pope Pius II – in his younger days he had been a poet laureate and had written an erotic novel, Eurialus and Lucretia; later he wrote histories and epistles
  • Clemente Rebora – poet and Rosminian priest
  • Torquato Tasso – 16th-century poet; died one day before being crowned by pope Clement VIII as poet laureate
  • Giuseppe Ungaretti

Latin language[]

  • Saint Ambrose  – Bishop of Milan; one of the Four Latin Church Fathers; notable for his influence on Augustine; promoter of antiphonal chant and for the Ambrosian Rite
  • Augustine of Hippo  – the earliest theologian and philosopher of the Church still having wide influence today; Bishop of Hippo; one of the Four Church Fathers; known for his apologetic work Confessions
  • Boethius  – philosopher; known for The Consolation of Philosophy
  • Pope Gregory I  – Pope; one of the Four Latin Church Fathers; born to a patrician family in Rome and became a monk; known today as being the first monk to become Pope and for traditionally being credited with Gregorian chant; emphasized charity in Rome
  • Saint Jerome  – One of the Four Latin Church Fathers; known for translating the Bible into Latin; this translation is known as the Vulgate and became the founding source for Biblical subjects in the West
  • Saint Thomas Aquinas  – One of the greatest Philosophers ever, known for his Summa Theologica.

Lithuanian language[]

  • Maironis – Romantic poet and priest
  • Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas – writer and poet
  • Antanas Strazdas – priest, writer, and poet; became a folklore hero because of his humble origins
  • Motiejus Valančius – Catholic bishop of Samogitia, historian and one of the best known Lithuanian writers of the 19th century

Norwegian language[]

  • Jon Fosse – convert
  • Sigrid Undset – convert whose Medieval trilogy Kristin Lavransdatter has received high praise in Catholic circles;[15] recipient of 1926 Nobel Prize in Literature

Polish language[]

  • Pope John Paul II – wrote plays in his youth, later wrote poetry as well as, of course, philosophical works and devotional meditations
  • Zofia Kossak-Szczucka – writer of historical novels; helped save Jews in occupied Poland during World War II
  • Ignacy Krasicki – Polish bishop
  • Zygmunt Krasiński  – poet, one of the three greatest in Poland
  • Czesław Miłosz – Polish poet, prose writer, translator and diplomat Lithuania born[16][17][18]
  • Grażyna Miller – Polish poet and translator; translated the poem Roman Triptych (2003) by Pope John Paul II from Polish into Italian
  • Adam Naruszewicz – Jesuit poet
  • Władysław Reymont – novelist; recipient of 1924 Nobel Prize in Literature for his four-part novel Chłopi (The Peasants)
  • Henryk Sienkiewicz – novelist; recipient of 1905 Nobel Prize in Literature; his novel Quo Vadis (1895) deals with the rise and persecution of Christianity in Rome
  • Jan Twardowski – poet; became a priest in 1948 and a provost in 1959
  • Andrzej Sapkowski  – author; known for The Witcher series of fantasy narratives.[19]

Portuguese language[]

  • Mariana Alcoforado – Poor Clares member; considered by some to have written the Letters of a Portuguese Nun
  • Luís de Camões – Catholic; his poem is (among other things) a call to arms against the enemies of the Christian faith
  • Miguel Esteves Cardoso – contemporary writer, critic and journalist
  • Olavo de Carvalho – Brazilian philosopher, journalist and essayist
  • Gustavo Corção (see pt:Gustavo Corção) – Brazilian Catholic writer
  • Denis of Portugal – signed a favouring agreement with the pope and swore to protect the church's interests
  • Alceu Amoroso Lima – Brazilian Catholic writer and activist
  • Adélia Prado – Brazilian Catholic poet
  • Luís de Sousa – Portuguese monk and prose-writer
  • Gil Vicente – Portuguese writer of the Renaissance

Russian language[]

  • Regina Derieva  – Russian poet; a convert to Catholicism
  • Ivan Gagarin  – Jesuit and writer
  • Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin  – Russian emigrant and Catholic priest; born in the Hague in the Netherlands; currently a Servant of God
  • Vyacheslav Ivanov  – Russian poet, playwright, philosopher and translator; was associated with the Russian Symbolist movement; a convert to Catholicism
  • Pyotr Kozlovsky  – Russian man of letters and diplomat; a convert to Catholicism
  • Vladimir Pecherin  – Russian poet and Catholic priest; a convert to Catholicism

Slovenian language[]

  • France Balantič  – poet
  • France Bevk  – novelist
  • Fran Saleški Finžgar  – writer and priest
  • Alojz Gradnik – poet
  • Edvard Kocbek – poet, writer, essayist and Christian socialist
  • Boris Pahor – writer and Christian humanist
  • Ivan Pregelj – novelist
  • Marjan Rožanc – writer, playwright and essayist
  • Igor Škamperle – writer, essayist and sociologist
  • Anton Martin Slomšek – poet and Roman Catholic bishop
  • Jože Snoj – Catholic poet; was prohibited to publish his works during the Communist regime
  • Karel Vladimir Truhlar – theologian, Jesuit priest, and mystical poet
  • Josip Vandot – fiction writer
  • Anton Vodnik – literary theorist and poet
  • France Vodnik – essayist and poet
  • Valentin Vodnik – 18th-century poet and Roman Catholic priest

Spanish language[]

Swedish language[]

  • Anders Piltz – Swedish Benedictine and Latinist; scholar of Medieval Sweden
  • Birgitta Trotzig – Swedish novelist; member of the Swedish Academy, chair number 6
  • Gunnel Vallquist – Swedish writer; known for a translation of the seven-volume novel In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust
  • Torgny Lindgren – Swedish writer; member of the Swedish Academy, chair number 9

Welsh language[]

  • Saunders Lewis – poet, dramatist, historian and leading figure in modern Welsh nationalism, a convert to Catholicism
  • Dewi Nantbrân – Franciscan; wrote a catechism in Cymraeg
  • Dom William Pugh – composed a Welsh poem in which loyalty to his king is combined with devotion to the Roman Catholic Church
  • Gruffydd Robert – wrote in exile during the Elizabethan era

Genre writing[]

Mystery[]

  • Anthony Boucher – American science-fiction editor, mystery novelist and short- story writer; his science-fiction short story "The Quest for Saint Aquin" shows his strong commitment to the religion
  • G. K. Chesterton – English lay theologian, poet, philosopher, dramatist, journalist, orator, literary and art critic, biographer, and Christian apologist; wrote several books of short stories about a priest, Father Brown, who acts as a detective
  • Antonia Fraser – English writer of history, novels, biographies and detective fiction; Roman Catholic (converted with her parents as a child); caused a public scandal in 1977 by leaving her Catholic husband for Harold Pinter
  • Ronald Knox – English priest and theologian; wrote six mystery novels
  • Ralph McInerny – American novelist; wrote over thirty books, including the Father Dowling mystery series; taught for over forty years at the University of Notre Dame, where he was the director of the Jacques Maritain Center

Science fiction and fantasy[]

  • Diana Gabaldon - American author of the Outlander series of books
  • Michael F. Flynn – American science fiction novelist, author of Eifelheim
  • R. A. Lafferty – American science-fiction and fantasy novelist; by many accounts a devout and conservative Catholic[22][23][24][25][26]
  • Murray Leinster – American science-fiction and alternate-history novelist
  • Walter M. Miller, Jr. – American science-fiction novelist and short-story writer; convert, then ex-Catholic; known for the novel A Canticle for Leibowitz (1960) and other Catholic-themed works
  • Michael D. O'Brien – Canadian Catholic novelist; works include the "Father Elijah" series[27]
  • Tim Powers – American science-fiction and fantasy novelist; self-avowed Catholic in interviews[28][29]
  • Fred Saberhagen – American science-fiction and fantasy novelist and short-story writer[30]
  • J. R. R. Tolkien – English writer, poet, philologist and university professor; worked on a translation of the Book of Job in the Catholic Jerusalem Bible, and saw his novel The Lord of the Rings as deeply informed by his Catholicism
  • Gene Wolfe – American science fiction and fantasy writer; convert; a recent story of his in Asimov's Science Fiction magazine concerned a Catholic holy card
  • John C. Wright – American science-fiction and fantasy novelist; convert; known for his The Golden Age trilogy novels and the Orphans of Chaos trilogy novels; Nebula Award finalist for his fantasy novel Orphans of Chaos
  • Andrzej Sapkowski  – Polish fantasy and science-fiction novelist known for The Witcher book and video game series.
  • Rosamund Hodge – American novelist and short-story writer; works include "Cruel Beauty" and "Crimson Bound"

Screenwriters[]

  • Frank Cottrell Boyce – the comedy-drama film Millions (2004) is perhaps the most "Catholic" film he has written[31]
  • Robert Bresson – adapted the novel Diary of a Country Priest (1936), by Georges Bernanos, to the film of the same name (1951); namesake of the Pontifical Council for Culture's "Robert Bresson Prize in Film";[32] influenced by Jansenism[33]
  • Johnny Byrne – wrote episodes of the science-fiction television series Space: 1999 (1975–1977) and Doctor Who[34]
  • Joe Eszterhas
  • Leo McCarey – wrote the drama film The Bells of St. Mary's (1945) and directed the musical comedy-drama film Going My Way (1944)

Writers mistaken for Catholic[]

  • Jeffrey Ford – raised Catholic, but abandoned the faith in strong terms[35]
  • David E. Kelley – raised a Protestant[36]

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ [dead link] "The Study of Professor Su Xuelin" Archived 22 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine. National Cheng Kung University.
  2. ^ Roger Robinson and Nelson Wattie, The Oxford Companion to New Zealand Literature, Oxford University Press, Auckland, 1998, pp. 45–48.
  3. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2006-08-17.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link).
  4. ^ [1].
  5. ^ Liukkonen, Petri. "Seamus Heaney". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 18 November 2005.
  6. ^ First Tings
  7. ^ [2].
  8. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 February 2007. Retrieved 2005-11-20.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link).
  9. ^ Cavill, Paul; Ward, Heather; Baynham, Matthew; Swinford, Andrew (2007). The Christian Tradition in English Literature: Poetry, Plays, and Shorter Prose. p. 337. Zondervan.
  10. ^ Pearce, Joseph (2004). The Unmasking of Oscar Wilde. pp. 28–29. Ignatius Press.
  11. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 19 October 2006. Retrieved 2006-08-22.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link).
  12. ^ Cuireadh oileánach do Mhuire (The poem An Islander’s Invitation to Mary) set to music and cited: https://www.catholicireland.net/maynooth-celebrates-50th-christmas-carol-service/
  13. ^ Diary of an Irish Countryman https://www.irelandsown.ie/diary-of-an-irish-countryman-writings-of-humphrey-osullivan/
  14. ^ [3].
  15. ^ [4].
  16. ^ [5]. Christianity Today.
  17. ^ [6]. The Guardian.
  18. ^ [7]. San Francisco Chronicle.
  19. ^ [8]. Sims, Harley J. (December 13, 2016). "A Polish Tolkien? The fantasy world of Andrzej Sapkowski". Mercatornet. Retrieved August 20, 2018.
  20. ^ Prado-Garduño, Gloria. Creación, recepción y efecto: Una aproximación hermenéutica a la obra literaria (in Spanish) (Second edition-First electronic ed.). México: Universidad Panamericana A.C. 2014. p. 203. ISBN 978-607-417-264-5.
  21. ^ LaGreca, Nancy. Rewriting womanhood: feminism, subjectivity, and the angel of the house in the Latin American novel, 1887-1903. United States of America: Penn State Press. 2009. p. 202. ISBN 978-0-271-03439-3.
  22. ^ [dead link] "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 26 October 2005. Retrieved 2005-11-20.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link). Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America.
  23. ^ [9].
  24. ^ [10].
  25. ^ [11].
  26. ^ [dead link] [12].
  27. ^ [13][permanent dead link].
  28. ^ [14].
  29. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 11 September 2005. Retrieved 22 November 2005.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link).
  30. ^ [15].
  31. ^ [16][permanent dead link]. Time Out.
  32. ^ [17] Archived 26 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
  33. ^ [18].
  34. ^ The Keeper of Traken episode two audio commentary.
  35. ^ [19].
  36. ^ Staff (25 November 2002). "Corrections". The New York Times. 18 June 2014.

References[]

  • Encyclopedia of Catholic Literature (Two Volumes) edited by Mary R. Reichardt (Greenwood Press: 30 September 2004) ISBN 0-313-32289-9
  • Literary giants, literary Catholics (Ignatius Press 2005) editor Joseph Pearce ISBN 1-58617-077-5
  • Anthology of Catholic poets edited by Joyce Kilmer ISBN 1-4101-0281-5

External links[]

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