List of German Consuls-General in Shanghai

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Consul-General of Germany in Shanghai
Coat of arms of Germany.svg
Incumbent

since September 2014
StyleHis Excellency
ResidenceShanghai
Inaugural holderWalter Annecke
Formation1869
WebsiteGeneralkonsulat Shanghai

The Consul-General of Germany in Shanghai (previously known as the Consul) is the Federal Republic of Germany's diplomatic representative within the city of Shanghai in the People's Republic of China. The consulate was first established as an office of the North German Confederation in 1869 and became the consulate of the German Empire on its formation in 1871. The present Consulate has existed since 1982 at Yongfu lu 181, with the Consul-General's residence in the same street at no. 151.

Consulate history[]

German contacts in China had been much earlier however, with the Kingdom of Prussia and the German Customs Union sending Friedrich Albrecht zu Eulenburg and a diplomatic expedition to the Far East between 1859 and 1862, visiting China, Japan and Siam. On 2 September 1861, Eulenberg concluded a Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Treaty between Prussia and the States of the German Customs Union and China, effectively establishing for German citizens the same extraterritorial rights enjoyed by the other major powers.

With China's ratification of the treaty in 1863, the German states were accorded the right to establish consulates in China, although Prussia had already established one such consulate in the Shanghai International Settlement in 1862. C.W. Overweg served as the first Prussian Consul and the Free City of Hamburg had also established a consulate in Shanghai at that time. The consulate was first established as an office of the North German Confederation in 1869. Originally only titled as a 'Consul', on 12 November 1877 the serving German Consul in Shanghai, Carl Friedrich Conrad Lueder, was upgraded to the status of Consul-General.[1]

When China entered the First World War on the Allied side in 1917, China broke off diplomatic relations between Germany and German interests were thereafter managed by the Netherlands as the Protecting power.[1] The Consulate-General in Shanghai was reestablished in 1921, following the separate peace treaty with China. This consulate was closed following the outbreak of the Second Sino Japanese War as Nazi Germany was an ally of Japan, and withdrew recognition of the Nationalist Government. In 1941 Germany appointed a new Consul-General in Shanghai dealing with relations with the Japanese puppet Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China, which operated until the end of World War II. The current Consulate-General to the People's Republic of China in Shanghai has been operating since 15 October 1982 and is located in the former French Concession at no. 181 Yongfu lu (formerly known as "Rue du Pere Huc"), with the Consul-General's residence in the same street at no. 151. The residence and consulate are historic listed buildings in the Spanish Mission Style of the 1920s-30s.[1]

List of Consuls-General[]

Consuls, 1869–1877[]

Name Tenure Begin Tenure End Notes
Walter Georg Alfred Annecke 1869 1875 [2]
Carl Friedrich Conrad Lueder 21 October 1875 12 November 1877

Consuls-General, 1877–1945[]

Name Tenure Begin Tenure End Notes
Carl Friedrich Conrad Lueder 12 November 1877 1879
Johann Heinrich Focke 1879 1884
1884 1888
1888 1899
1899 1906
Paul von Buri October 1906 February 1913
February 1913 1917
Relations suspended due to China's entry into First World War.
Fritz August Thiel 1921 1929 [3]
1929 1933
Hermann Kriebel 1933 1937
German relations severed after outbreak of Second Sino-Japanese War.
Martin Fischer 1941 1945

Consuls-General, 1982–present[]

Name Tenure Begin Tenure End Notes
15 October 1982 1985 [4]
1985 1991
1991 1994
1995 1998
1998 2002
2002 2007
2007 2010
2010 2014
September 2014 July 2017
Christine D. Althauser August 2017

[5]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c "Die Geschichte von Kanzlei und Residenz". Vertretungen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in der Volksrepublik China (in German). Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  2. ^ Consul for the North German Confederation from 1869 to 1871.
  3. ^ Steen, Andreas (2006). Deutsch-chinesische Beziehungen 1911-1927: Vom Kolonialismus zur "Gleichberechtigung". Berlin: Akademie Verlag. p. 600.
  4. ^ "Buch zur Geschichte der deutschen konsularischen Vertretungen". Vertretungen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in der Volksrepublik China. Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  5. ^ "Christine D. Althauser, Generalkonsulin". Vertretungen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in der Volksrepublik China. Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Retrieved 12 February 2019.

External links[]

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