List of German language newspapers of Ontario

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The Rittinger & Motz printing firm
The Rittinger & Motz printing firm of Berlin, Ontario, c. 1906–1908. It printed several German language newspapers, including the Berliner Journal, Die Ontario Glocke and Der Canadische Kolonist.[1]

In nineteenth-century Upper Canada, German language publications were in high demand, with Germans then the third-largest immigrant group in Canada after the English and French.[2][a] German migration was concentrated in Waterloo County and its heavily German towns, Berlin and Waterloo, with most newspapers established there to service the population.[5] Though Toronto was Canada West's population centre, it was unable to support a large German readership, with its only German language newspaper moving away after less than a year of publication.[6] German is the only language other than English or French to have had a flourishing newspaper press in Ontario, with approximately thirty German newspapers having been published in the period from 1835 to 1918.[7]

Ontario's first German language newspaper, Canada Museum und Allgemeine Zeitung, was founded in Berlin in 1835, predating the town's first English language newspaper by 18 years. In any year between 1859 and 1908, Waterloo County typically had four German newspapers, and always between three and five. In the period from 1835 to 1914, nine German newspapers were founded in Berlin and Waterloo and six in Preston, New Hamburg and Elmira.[5] The publications were not typically read outside of Ontario's German communities, instead focusing on reporting local news and interpreting foreign events. Due to their small readership, they exerted little political influence on anything other than a local level.[8] Being largely dependent upon a small population group,[9] most publications folded after only a few years, though the towns Berlin, Waterloo and New Hamburg each supported at least one German newspaper until 1909, by which time all competitors had either folded or amalgamated into Berlin's Berliner Journal.[5]

In the last weeks of the First World War, the Canadian government passed an Order in Council on 25 September 1918, prohibiting "the publication of books, newspapers, magazines or any printed matter in the language of any country or people for the time being at war with Great Britain."[10] The Order had the effect of banning German language publications, leading to the closure of the last remaining German newspaper, the Ontario Journal, in 1918.[11] Although the government repealed the order in January 1920, it was not until 1967 that another German language-newspaper appeared; Kitchener's Kitchener Journal, which ceased publication in 1969.[12]

In the wake of the Second World War, a surge in immigration of ethnic Germans from Eastern Europe and Germany led to a small revival of Ontario German language newspapers.[13] Toronto's das journal, first published in 2011, is presently Ontario's only German language newspaper.[14][15]

Newspapers[]

Name of newspaper; place, frequency and years of publication; and political alignment
Newspaper Place of publication Frequency Commenced Ceased Political alignment Notes ISSN / OCLC Ref.
Canada Museum und Allgemeine Zeitung Berlin Weekly 1835[b] 1840 Independent ISSN 0848-094X & ISSN 0848-0958
OCLC 1081375169 & OCLC 1081339960 		[18]
Der Morgenstern Waterloo Weekly 1839 1841 — ISSN 1181-2125 & ISSN 1181-2133
OCLC 1033011981 & OCLC 1033141534 		[19]
Der Deutsche Canadier front page
Der Deutsche Canadier und Neuigkeitsbote / Der Deutsche Canadier 		Berlin Weekly 1841 1865 Reform Renamed Der Deutsche Canadier at an unspecified date.[20] OCLC 1119075046 [21]
Der Canadische Beobachter Preston Weekly 1848 1850 Reform — [22]
Hamburger Beobachter New Hamburg Weekly 1852 1856 Reform ISSN 1180-6613
OCLC 1081374456 		[23]
Der Canadische Bauernfreund Waterloo Weekly 1854 1909 Conservative Amalgamated into Berliner Journal on 1 July 1909.[24][c] ISSN 0839-1661
OCLC 1032863764 		[26]
Der Neu-Hamburger Neutrale / Canadisches Volksblatt New Hamburg Weekly 1855 1908 Conservative Renamed Canadisches Volksblatt in 1859;[27] amalgamated into Der Canadische Bauernfreund on 2 December 1908.[24] ISSN 1180-6591 & ISSN 1180-6605
OCLC 1032860930 & OCLC 1081129554 		[28]
Canada Zeitung Hamilton Twice weekly 1856 1857 — — [29]
Die Prestoner Zeitung Preston Weekly 1856 1857 — — [30]
Der Beobachter Toronto / Preston Weekly 1856 1867 — Moved from Toronto to Preston within its first year.[6] — [31]
Berliner Journal front page
Berliner Journal / Ontario Journal 		Berlin / Kitchener Weekly 1859 1918 Liberal (1859–1904), independent (1904–1918) Renamed Ontario Journal in January 1917 after the 1916 Berlin to Kitchener name change.[32] Forced to publish in English after the government passed an Order in Council on 25 September 1918 banning German publications.[33] OCLC 977929550 & OCLC 1147283368 [34]
Der Deutsche Reformer Waterloo Weekly 1863 1863 Reform — [35]
Der Canadische Kolonist Stratford Weekly 1864 1906 Reform Amalgamated into Berliner Journal on 1 July 1906.[24][c] OCLC 1032863512 [36]
Deutscher Canadier Und Allgemeiner Anzeiger Berlin Weekly 1867 1869 — An attempted revival of Der Deutsche Canadier.[37] — [37]
Der Wächter am Saugeen / Canada National-Zeitung Neustadt Weekly 1868 1882 Independent Suspended publication in mid-1872 and resumed in October; renamed to Canada National-Zeitung in 1879.[6] OCLC 1019411663 [38]
Deutscher Canadier Berlin Weekly 1869 1870 — An attempted revival of Der Deutsche Canadier, unrelated to the Deutscher Canadier Und Allgemeiner Anzeiger.[37] — [37]
Walkerton Glocke / Die Ontario Glocke Walkerton Weekly 1870 1904 Conservative Renamed Die Ontario Glocke in 1882; amalgamated into Berliner Journal on 1 July 1904.[39][c] ISSN 0842-9332
OCLC 1016229515 & OCLC 1007187387 		[40]
Elmira Anzeiger Elmira Weekly 1870 1882 — — [41]
Die Wespe Wartburg Weekly c. 1871[d] c. 1871–1872[e] — — [44]
Der Deutsche in Canada front page
Der Deutsche in Canada 		London / Hamilton Monthly 1871 1876 — Moved from London to Hamilton in 1872; ceased publication in April 1875; moved to London and resumed in July 1875.[45] ISSN 1190-724X
OCLC 1019385489 & OCLC 1087231616 		[45]
Canadische Volkszeitung Hamilton / London Weekly 1872 1876 — Ceased publication in April 1875; moved to London and resumed in July 1875.[45] — [45]
Die Post Walkerton — 1878 1879 Reform — [46]
Berlin Daily News Berlin Daily 1878 1878 — English language paper with a German section from February to October 1878.[47] OCLC 1118979644 & OCLC 1157018497 [48]
Das Wochenblatt Berlin Weekly 1878 1878 Conservative — [49]
Der Perth Volksfreund Stratford / Listowel — 1878 1883 Conservative Moved from Stratford to Listowel in April 1880.[50] ISSN 1181-4683
OCLC 1032971347 		[50]
Das Wochenblatt Berlin Weekly 1878 1878 Conservative — [51]
Hamilton Anzeiger Hamilton — 1879 1879 Conservative Published as a special edition of Der Perth Volksfreund.[50] — [50]
Die Aytoner Fama / Der Canadische Volksfreund Ayton / Neustadt Weekly 1882 1892 — Moved from Ayton to Neustadt and renamed Der Canadische Volksfreund in 1890.[49] — [49]
Welland Deutscher Telegraph Welland Weekly 1885 1886 — — [52]
Freie Presse Berlin Weekly 1886 1888 Conservative ISSN 1180-6834
OCLC 1081362174 		[53]
Deutsche Zeitung Berlin Weekly 1891 1908 Conservative Stopped publishing in October 1899 and resumed in 1902.[54] ISSN 1180-6109
OCLC 1081084316 		[55]
Das Echo front page
Das Ottawa Echo[f] 		Ottawa Monthly 1893 1893 — ISSN 0701-4694
OCLC 1080359890 & OCLC 184748222 		[56]
Deutsche Post Arnprior / Pembroke Weekly 1901 1916 Independent Moved from Arnprior to Pembroke in 1906.[57] ISSN 0842-8026
OCLC 1007474506 		[57]
Kitchener Journal Kitchener — 1967 1969 — ISSN 0837-0818
OCLC 1007733706 		[12]
Deutsche Presse Toronto Weekly 1977 —[g] — ISSN 0846-118X
OCLC 1081383723 		[13][58]
Deutsche Rundschau Cannington Monthly 1997 2014 — ISSN 1206-5781
OCLC 819517622 		[59][60]
The Hofbräuhaus News Ottawa Quarterly 2002 2014 — ISSN 0226-6709
OCLC 1080362164 		[61][62][63]
Neue Presse Toronto Weekly 2003 —[g] — ISSN 1705-8082
OCLC 1083190036 		[13][64]
das journal Toronto Biweekly 2011 present — OCLC 843473149 [14][15]
— Indicates unavailable information

See also[]

References[]

Footnotes[]

  1. ^ The area was known as Upper Canada after 1791,[3] Canada West from 1841 to 1867, and Ontario after Canadian Confederation in 1867.[4]
  2. ^ Historians John English & Kenneth McLaughlin state the paper began in 1833, quoting from a 1931 Waterloo Historical Society piece to justify that dating.[16] However, the piece they quote from provides a date of 27 August 1835 for the paper's first issue.[17] Scholar Herbert Karl Kalbfleisch also writes the first issue ran on 27 August 1835.[3]
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c After the Berliner Journal amalgamated the newspaper, it continued to be issued under its original name so as to not upset longtime subscribers, though the actual content of the two papers was identical.[25]
  4. ^ The first mention of the newspaper is in an 1871 edition of Alexander J. Schem's Deutsch-Amerikanisches Conversations-Lexicon.[42]
  5. ^ An 1873 issue of Alexander J. Schem's Deutsch-Amerikanisches Conversations-Lexicon does not mention Die Wespe in a list of Canadian German newspapers,[43] implying it folded before 1873.[44]
  6. ^ While the masthead reads Das Echo, Kalbfleisch refers to the newspaper as Das Ottawa Echo.[56]
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b Evidence of publication as late as 2005 in Frisse 2005, p. 857.

Citations[]

  1. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 102–104.
  2. ^ Löchte 2008, p. 107.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 18.
  4. ^ Careless, Foot & McIntosh 2019.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c McKegney 1991, p. 8.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 67.
  7. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 11, 17.
  8. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 11.
  9. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 17.
  10. ^ McKegney 1991, pp. 8, 224n29: 25 September 1918; Bausenhart 1972, p. 35: "the publication of books ..."
  11. ^ English & McLaughlin 1983, p. 163.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b Leibbrandt 1980, pp. 158, 160.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b c Frisse 2005, p. 857.
  14. ^ Jump up to: a b "Das Journal". WorldCat. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  15. ^ Jump up to: a b "das journal – Profile". das journal. Archived from the original on 4 November 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  16. ^ English & McLaughlin 1983, pp. 12, 214n26.
  17. ^ Byerly 1931, p. 258.
  18. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 22–23; McKegney 1991, pp. 8, 10.
  19. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 28–29; McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 197.
  20. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 30.
  21. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 31–40; McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 197.
  22. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 41; McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 197.
  23. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 41, 43; McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 197.
  24. ^ Jump up to: a b c Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 104.
  25. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 70, 103–104.
  26. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 50–54; McKegney 1991, p. 10.
  27. ^ McKegney 1991, p. 197.
  28. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 54–58; McKegney 1991, p. 10.
  29. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 48.
  30. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 49–50; McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 197.
  31. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 66–67.
  32. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 106.
  33. ^ McKegney 1991, pp. 8, 224n29: 25 September 1918; Bausenhart 1972, p. 35: banning German publications.
  34. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 87–89; Monkiewicz & Skidmore 2005, p. 138; McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 190.
  35. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 61–62; McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 197.
  36. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 62–64, 104.
  37. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 33.
  38. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 67–68.
  39. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 69–70.
  40. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 68–74; McKegney 1991, p. 10.
  41. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 68–69; McKegney 1991, p. 10.
  42. ^ Schem 1871, p. 18, quoted in Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 76.
  43. ^ Schem 1873, p. 652, quoted in Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 76.
  44. ^ Jump up to: a b Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 76.
  45. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 76–77.
  46. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 69.
  47. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 78, 128.
  48. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 128.
  49. ^ Jump up to: a b c Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 79.
  50. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 66.
  51. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 79; McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 197.
  52. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 79–80.
  53. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 80–81; McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 23, 197.
  54. ^ McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 197.
  55. ^ Kalbfleisch 1968, pp. 81–87; McKegney 1991, pp. 10, 27.
  56. ^ Jump up to: a b Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 83.
  57. ^ Jump up to: a b Kalbfleisch 1968, p. 100.
  58. ^ "Deutsche Presse". www.artsrn.ualberta.ca. Canadian Minority Media Database. Archived from the original on 22 June 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  59. ^ "Deutsche Rundschau". www.artsrn.ualberta.ca. Canadian Minority Media Database. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
  60. ^ "Die Deutsche Rundschau in Kanada gibt auf" (in German). Riviera Zeit. 4 September 2014. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
  61. ^ "The Hofbräuhaus News". www.artsrn.ualberta.ca. Canadian Minority Media Database. Archived from the original on 23 June 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  62. ^ "Status of The HBH News Publication Hard Copy". The Hofbräuhaus News. Archived from the original on 23 June 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  63. ^ "Hofbräuhaus news". WorldCat. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  64. ^ "Neue Presse". WorldCat. Retrieved 22 June 2021.

Sources[]

External links[]

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