List of Salvia species

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Salvia is the largest genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, with the number of species estimated to range from 700 to nearly 3,000. Members include shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. There are three main regions of radiation of Salvia: Central and South America and Middle America and Mesoamerica, Latin America and with Africa-Eurasia and North America, (America), with approximately 600 species; North-Northern, Central and West-Western Asia and the Mediterranean with approx. 250 species; Eest-Eastern and South-Southern Asia and Australia and Oceania with approximately 90 species.[1]

The naming of distinct Salvia species has undergone regular revision, with many species being renamed, merged, and reclassified over the years. Salvia officinalis (common sage), for example, has been cultivated for thousands of years, yet has been named and described under six different scientific names since 1940 alone. At one time there were over 2,000 named species and subspecies. The most recent revision was done in 1988 by Gabriel Alziar of the Jardin botanique de la Ville de Nice—it consolidated the number of different species to approximately 700. As new discoveries are made, the taxonomic list of Salvia species will continue to change.[2][3][4]

The first significant accounting of the genus was done by George Bentham in 1832–1836, based on a similarity in staminal morphology between Salvia members.[5] His work, Labiatarum Genera et Species (1836), is still the most comprehensive organization of Salvia. Even though there were only 291 species at that time, he still considered the possibility of forming five or six genera, due to differences between certain groups of Salvia. Bentham eventually organized the genus into four subgenera and twelve sections, based on differences in the corolla, calyx, and stamens. In the last 100 years, that system of organization is generally not endorsed by botanists.[2]

The classification of Salvia has long been based on the genus' unusual pollination and stamen structure, which was presumed to have evolved only once. More recently, a study using DNA sequencing of Salvia species has shown that different versions of this lever mechanism have evolved at least three different times within Salvia. This clearly makes the genus non-monophyletic, which means that members of the genus have evolved from different ancestors, rather than sharing one common ancestor. The DNA analysis has shown that the genus may consist of as many as three different clades, or branches.[1] The study concluded that Salvia is not a natural genus—some of its branches have a closer relationship to other genera in the tribe Mentheae than to other Salvia species.[6]

A[]

Salvia africana
Salvia apiana
Salvia austriaca
Salvia azurea

B[]

Salvia blepharophylla
Salvia brandegeei
Salvia buchananii
  • Urb. & Ekman
  • Salvia baimaensis S.W.Su & Z.A.Shen
  • Salvia balansae Noë ex Coss.
  • Pohl
  • Lipsky
  • Salvia ballotiflora Benth.
  • (Rech.f.) Hedge
  • Thulin
  • Salvia barrelieri Etl.
  • Rech.f. & Esfand.
  • Trautv.
  • Gardner ex Fielding
  • Epling
  • Salvia bifidocalyx C.Y.Wu & Y.C.Huang
  • M.Martens & Galeotti
  • Salvia blancoana Webb & Heldr.
  • Salvia blepharophylla Brandegee ex Epling
  • Ramamoorthy
  • Benth.
  • B.L.Turner
  • E.P.Santos
  • Salvia bowleyana Dunn
  • (Bordz.) Pobed.
  • Urb.
  • Salvia brachyloma E.Peter
  • Vandas
  • Briq.
  • Urb.
  • Banks & Sol.
  • Salvia brandegeei Munz
  • Salvia breviconnectivata Y.Z.Sun ex C.Y.Wu
  • Moc. & Sessé ex Benth.
  • Salvia brevilabra Franch.
  • Benth.
  • Salvia broussonetii Benth.
  • Salvia buchananii Hedge
  • Popov
  • Urb.
  • Salvia bulleyana Diels
  • Benth.

C[]

Salvia carduacea
Salvia chiapensis
Salvia clevelandii
Salvia coccinea

D[]

Salvia desoleana
Salvia dorisiana
Salvia dorrii

E[]

Salvia elegans

F[]

Salvia farinacea
Salvia forsskaolei
Salvia fruticosa
Salvia funerea

G[]

Salvia gesneriiflora
Salvia glutinosa
Salvia greggii

H[]

Salvia hierosolymitana
Salvia holwayi

I[]

Salvia iodantha
Salvia indica
  • Urb. & Ekman
  • Ruiz & Pav.
  • Salvia indica L.
  • Ramamoorthy
  • Epling
  • Epling & Mathias
  • Epling
  • Kudr.
  • Epling
  • Ruiz & Pav.
  • Salvia interrupta Schousb.
  • Epling
  • Salvia involucrata Cav.
  • Salvia iodantha Fernald
  • Epling
  • Epling
  • Nakai ex H.Hara
  • Brade & Barb.Per.
  • Dusén
  • Epling

J[]

Salvia judaica
  • Epling
  • Ramamoorthy ex B.L.Turner
  • Fawc.
  • Noë
  • Mozaff.
  • Salvia japonica Thunb.
  • Fern.Alonso
  • Ramamoorthy ex B.L.Turner
  • Salvia judaica Boiss.
  • Salvia jurisicii Kosanin

K[]

Salvia karwinskii

L[]

Salvia lanceolata
Salvia leucantha
Salvia lyrata

M[]

Salvia macrophylla
Salvia madrensis
Salvia mellifera
Salvia melissodora
Salvia microphylla

N[]

Salvia nipponica

O[]

Salvia officinalis
Salvia omeiana

P[]

Salvia patens
Salvia pratensis

Q[]

R[]

Salvia regla
Salvia ringens

S[]

Salvia sagittata
Salvia sinaloensis
Salvia spathacea
Salvia splendens
  • Pamp. Del Carr. & Garbari
  • Urb. & Ekman
  • Epling
  • Salvia sagittata Ruiz & Pav.
  • Boiss. & Buhse
  • Pohl
  • Rech.f.
  • Seem.
  • Boiss.
  • Epling
  • Epling
  • L.
  • Wall. ex Benth.
  • Lam.
  • Salvia scabra Thunb.
  • Britton & P.Wilson
  • Pohl
  • Epling
  • Salvia scapiformis Hance
  • Epling
  • Benth.
  • Salvia schizocalyx E.Peter
  • Salvia schizochila E.Peter
  • Briq.
  • Regel
  • (J.R.I.Wood & Harley) Fern.Alonso
  • Salvia sclarea L.
  • Brot.
  • Bornm. ex Hedge
  • Epling
  • Salvia scutellarioides Kunth
  • Briq.
  • Benth.
  • Fernald
  • Briq.
  • Ant.Molina
  • Urb.
  • Benth.
  • Salvia semiatrata Zucc.
  • Regel & Schmalh.
  • Rech.f.
  • Salvia serotina L.
  • Salvia serpyllifolia Fernald
  • J.R.I.Wood
  • Salvia sessei Benth.
  • Baker
  • Fernald
  • Fernald
  • Salvia shannonii Donn.Sm.
  • Rech.f. & Esfand.
  • Epling & Mathias
  • Smith
  • Fern.Alonso
  • Salvia sikkimensis E.Peter
  • Epling
  • Brandegee
  • Salvia sinaloensis Fernald
  • Migo
  • Salvia smithii E.Peter
  • Boiss.
  • Salvia somalensis Vatke
  • Salvia sonchifolia C.Y.Wu
  • Pant.
  • Salvia sonomensis Greene
  • Briq.
  • Salvia sordida Benth.
  • Epling
  • Salvia spathacea Greene
  • C.Presl ex Benth.
  • C.Wright
  • Epling
  • Benth.
  • L.
  • Salvia splendens Sellow ex Roem. & Schult.
  • Salvia sprucei Briq.
  • Kunth
  • Benth.
  • Kunth
  • Salvia staminea Montbret & Aucher ex Benth.
  • Salvia stenophylla Burch. ex Benth.
  • Alziar
  • Benth.
  • Benth.
  • C.Wright ex Griseb.
  • Epling
  • Epling
  • (Urb.) Urb.
  • Epling
  • Salvia subincisa Benth.
  • Botsch. & Vved.
  • Epling
  • Salvia subpalmatinervis E.Peter
  • Epling
  • A.St.-Hil. ex Benth.
  • Epling
  • Epling & Játiva
  • Salvia substolonifera E.Peter
  • J.R.I.Wood
  • Montbret & Aucher ex Benth.
  • Salvia summa A.Nelson
  • Salvia × superba
  • Epling
  • L.

T[]

Salvia tiliifolia
Salvia transsylvanica
  • Benth.
  • Salvia taraxacifolia Coss. & Balansa
  • (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Boiss.
  • Bunge
  • Turrill
  • Fernald
  • Sw.
  • Epling
  • Fernald
  • Fernald
  • Klok. & Pobed.
  • Hedge
  • (Scheele) Torr.
  • Salvia texana (Scheele) Torr.
  • Salvia thermarum van Jaarsv.
  • Urb.
  • Urb.
  • Salvia thymoides Benth.
  • Benth.
  • Machm.
  • Hedge & Hub.-Mor.
  • Salvia tiliifolia Vahl
  • Salvia tingitana Etl.
  • Hedge
  • Salvia tolimensis Kunth
  • Pohl
  • Mill.
  • Brandegee
  • Gonzalez-Gallegos, 2013
  • Urb.
  • Kunth
  • Fernald
  • Salvia trachyphylla Epling
  • Yonek.
  • Salvia transsylvanica (Schur ex Griseb. & Schenk)
  • Regel
  • Thunb.
  • Benth.
  • Benth.
  • Epling
  • Epling
  • M.Martens & Galeotti
  • Salvia tricuspis Franch.
  • Epling
  • Salvia trijuga Diels
  • Cav.
  • Salvia tubiflora Sm.
  • Epling
  • Urb.
  • Pobed.
  • A.Rich.
  • Ramamoorthy
  • Ramamoorthy
  • Skan

U[]

Salvia urica

V[]

Salvia verbenaca
Salvia verticillata
Salvia viscosa
  • Vahl
  • Epling
  • Salvia vaseyi (Porter) Parish
  • Salvia vasta H.W.Li
  • Salvia veneris Hedge
  • Salvia venulosa Epling
  • B.L.Turner
  • M.Bieb.
  • Salvia verbenaca L.
  • Epling
  • Rzazade
  • Hedge & Hub.-Mor.
  • A.Gray ex S.Watson
  • Salvia verticillata L.
  • Benth.
  • Brandegee
  • Salvia villosa Fernald
  • L.
  • Salvia virgata Jacq.
  • Salvia viridis L.
  • A.St.-Hil. ex Benth.
  • Epling
  • Salvia viscosa Jacq.
  • Benth.
  • Nikitina

W[]

  • Salvia wagneriana Pol.
  • Salvia wardii E.Peter
  • Regel
  • Epling
  • Salvia weihaiensis C.Y.Wu & H.W.Li
  • Hedge
  • Klitg.
  • Salvia whitehousei Alziar
  • Boiss.
  • (Holmboe) Hedge

X[]

  • Benth.
  • Boiss. ex Benth.
  • Epling & Játiva
  • Harley ex E.P.Santos
  • Fern.Alonso

Y[]

Z[]

  • Briq.

Interspecific hybrids[]

Salvia farinacea x Salvia longispicata "Mystic Spires Blue'

* S. longispicata x S. farinacea

Other’s:

  • Salvia x superba

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Jay B. Walker; Kenneth J. Sytsma; Jens Treutlein; Michael Wink (2004). "Salvia (Lamiaceae) is not monophyletic: implications for the systematics, radiation, and ecological specializations of Salvia and tribe Mentheae". American Journal of Botany. 91 (7): 1115–1125. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.7.1115. PMID 21653467.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Sutton, John (2004). The Gardener's Guide to Growing Salvias. Workman Publishing Company. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-88192-671-2.
  3. ^ Clebsch, Betsy; Carol D. Barner (2003). The New Book of Salvias. Timber Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-88192-560-9.
  4. ^ Alziar, Gabriel (1988). Catalogue synonymique des Salvia du monde (Lamiaceae) (in French). Nice: Muséum d'histoire naturelle.
  5. ^ El-Gazzar, A., L. Watson, W. T. Williams, and G. N. Lance (1968). "The taxonomy of Salvia: a test of two radically different numerical methods". Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany. 60 (383): 237–250. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1968.tb00087.x.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ Sytsma, Ken; Jay B. Walker. "Molecular phylogenetics, evolution, and classification of Salvia and related Mentheae". Salvia Research Network. Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison. Archived from the original on 10 June 2010. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
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