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Thomas P. Marwick (1854–1927), architect based in Edinburgh, important to the architectural character of Marchmont
Robert Matheson (1808–1877), architect and Clerk of Works for Scotland
Robert Matthew (1906–1975)
John McAslan, CBE (born 1954), designed many buildings around the world, such as the new departures concourse at London King's Cross railway station, the Iron Market in Port-au-Prince and the Olympia Park in Moscow
Alexander McGill (died 1734), mason and architect, who worked in partnership with James Smith
Deacon Brodie (1741–1788), Edinburgh city councillor and burglar
Michael Brown (born 1966), fraudster
Henry John Burnett (1942–1963), murderer, last man to be hanged in Scotland
Colonel Francis Charteris (c. 1675–1732), nicknamed "The Rape-Master General"
Robert Crichton, 8th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar (died 1612), peer, executed for the murder of a fencing teacher, John Turner
Williamina "Minnie" Dean (1844–1895), emigrant to New Zealand, found guilty of infanticide and hanged; the only woman to receive the death penalty in New Zealand
William John Duff (born 1962), dentist convicted for fraud and reckless endangerment
Paul John Ferris (born 1963), gangster and author
Donald Forbes (1935–2008), murderer, convicted of two separate murders
Arthur Furguson (1883–1938), con artist
Jimmy Gauld (born 1931), footballer and match fixing ringleader
Sir Thomas Bouch (1822–1880), railway engineer, designer of the original Tay Rail Bridge
Robert Henry Bow (1827–1909), civil engineer and photographer
James Braid (1795–1860), hypnosis
James Bremner (1784–1856), naval architect, harbour builder and ship-raiser
David Brewster (1781–1868), lenticular stereoscope
George Brown (1650–1730), arithmetician and inventor
Walter Brown (1886–1957), engineer and mathematician
Sir George Bruce of Carnock (c.1550–1625), merchant and mining engineer
Richard Henry Brunton (1841–1901), "father of Japanese lighthouses"
Dorothy Donaldson Buchanan (1899–1985), civil engineer, first woman member of the Institution of Civil Engineers
Duncan Cameron (1825–1901), inventor of the "Waverley" pen nib, owner of The Oban Times newspaper
James Chalmers (1782–1853), adhesive postage stamp
Sir Dugald Clark (a.k.a. Clerk) (1854–1932), first two stroke cycle engine (the Clark cycle)
Archibald Cochrane, 9th Earl of Dundonald (1749–1831), made many general useful inventions, particularly in the navy
Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald (1775–1860), designed many inventions to do with naval technology and steam engines
Dr James C. Crow (1789–1856), creator of the sour mash process for creating bourbon whiskey
Robert Davidson (1804–1894), first electric locomotive
James Dewar (1842–1923), inventor of the Thermos flask and co-developer of cordite
William Dickson (1860–1935), motion picture camera and the world's first film
Captain Thomas Drummond (1797–1840) army officer, civil engineer, and pioneer in use of the Drummond light
Victoria Drummond (1894–1978), marine engineer, first woman member of Institute of Marine Engineering, Science and Technology
John Boyd Dunlop (1840–1921), the modern rubber tyre
Henry Dyer (1848–1918), engineer, contributor to Western-style technical education in Japan
Sir Peter Fairbairn (1799–1861), engineer and inventor, and mayor of Leeds, West Yorkshire
Sir William Fairbairn, 1st Baronet (of Ardwick) (1789–1874), civil engineer, structural engineer and shipbuilder
Patrick Ferguson (1744–1780), the Ferguson rifle
Sir Alexander Fleming (1881–1955), isolated penicillin from the fungus Penicillium notatum
Sir Sandford Fleming, (1827–1915), engineer and inventor, who emigrated to Canada; he proposed worldwide standard time zones, and engineered much of the Intercolonial Railway and the Canadian Pacific Railway
Alexander John Forsyth (1768–1843), Presbyterian clergyman who invented the percussion cap
William George Nicholson Geddes (1913–1993), civil engineer
David Gow (born 1957), inventor of the i-Limb prosthetic hand
Thomas Lomar Gray (1850–1908), engineer noted for his pioneering work in seismology
James Gregory (1638–1675), the Gregorian telescope
Thomas Graeme Nelson Haldane (1897–1981), engineer
William Handyside (1793–1850), engineer involved in important construction projects in St. Petersburg
James Harrison (1816–1893), pioneer in mechanical refrigeration
George Johnston (1855–1945), engineer, designer and constructor of Scotland's first automobile
James Kennedy (1797–1886), locomotive and marine engineer
David Kirkaldy (1820–1897), engineer, whose pioneering testing works now houses the Kirkaldy Testing Museum
James Bowman Lindsay (1799–1862), inventor of the constant electric light bulb
Charles Macintosh (1766–1843), patented waterproofing
Alan MacMasters (1865–1927), inventor of the toaster
Kirkpatrick MacMillan (1813–1878), bicycle
John Loudon McAdam (1756–1836), modern road construction
Sir Robert McAlpine (Concrete Bob) (1847–1934), road builder
Reverend Dr Robert Stirling (1790–1878), clergyman, and inventor of the Stirling engine
William Symington (1764–1831), engineer, built the first practical steam boat
Thomas Telford (1757–1834), architect, civil engineer, bridge designer
Robert William Thomson (1822–1873),
Sir Robert Watson-Watt (1893–1973), developed radar
James Watt (1736–1819), engineer, significantly improved the steam engine
James Young (1811–1883), invented a way of extracting paraffin oil
Explorers[]
Albert Armitage (1864–1943), Royal Navy Captain who was part of the Jackson–Harmsworth Expedition, which explored Franz Josef Land and rescued Fridtjof Nansen and his men from certain death; later part of the Discovery Expedition in Antarctica
John Arthur, OBE (1881–1952), British Army Captain and medical missionary for over thirty years in Kenya; known simply as Doctor Arthur to generations of Africans
William Balfour Baikie (1824–1864), naturalist, philologist and surgeon on the 1854 Niger Expedition; explored the Benue River and helped open up Nigeria to British trade while supporting the abolition of the slave trade
Peter Belches (1796–1890), Royal Navy Lieutenant who explored the Swan River and its surrounding area while aboard Admiral Sir James Stirling's HMS Success
Alexander Berry (1781–1873), merchant and surgeon who established the first European settlement on the south coast of New South Wales
Henry Robertson Bowers (1883–1912), Royal Navy Lieutenant who was part of the ill-fated Terra Nova Expedition, which attempted to be the first to reach the South Pole
Robert Brown (1842–1895), scientist, explorer, and author
James Bruce (1730–1794), traveller and travel writer who spent more than a dozen years in North Africa and then Ethiopia, where he traced the origins of the Blue Nile
William Speirs Bruce (1867–1921), naturalist, oceanographer, polar scientist and leader of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition; established the first permanent weather station there and became the first to widely explore the Weddell Sea
David Buchan (1780–1838), Royal Navy Captain who conducted expeditions in Newfoundland and Labrador and Spitsbergen
Sir Alexander Burnes (1805–1841), diplomat and explorer of Afghanistan
Colin Campbell (1686–1757), entrepreneur, merchant and co-founder of the Swedish East India Company, the largest trading company in Sweden throughout the 18th century; King Frederick I of Sweden's ambassador to the Emperor of China
Hugh Clapperton (1788–1827), Royal Navy Captain and traveller who explored many lakes and rivers in Africa; one of the first white people to see Lake Chad
John Dundas Cochrane (1793–1825), Royal Navy Captain and traveller who crossed Eurasia on foot to reach the Kamchatka Peninsula
William Cormack (1796–1868), agriculturalist, author and philanthropist; first European to explore the interior of Newfoundland and Labrador, while also building friendly relations with the native Beothuk people
Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham (1852–1936), Don Roberto, adventurer, journalist, politician and writer who carried out many activities in Argentina, Mexico, Morocco, Spain and the United States
David Douglas (1799–1834), botanist and gardener who explored parts of the remote Scottish Highlands, as well as North America and Hawaii; second person to summit Mauna Loa volcano; introduced hundreds of plants to Great Britain, including the Douglas fir
Douglas Douglas–Hamilton (1903–1973), Lord Clydesdale, aviator and the first to see Mount Everest from above while carrying out the first detailed scientific survey of the Himalayas, the extremities he endured also helped demonstrate the need for pressurised cabins inside aircraft
Alexander Forbes (1778–1862), author and merchant; first British consul to Mexico; published one of the first accounts in English of California (then a province of Mexico)
Henry Ogg Forbes (1851–1932), botanist and ornithologist in both the Maluku Islands and New Guinea; director of the Canterbury Museum in New Zealand for three years
Simon Fraser (1776–1862), fur trader who was employed by the North West Company and charted much of what is now the Canadian province of British Columbia; built the area's first trading ports; explored the 854-mile Fraser River
George Glas (1725–1765), adventurer, merchant and seaman who traded between Brazil, the Canary Islands and north-western Africa
Sir Alexander Richard Glen (1912–2004), explorer of the Arctic, and wartime intelligence officer
Robert Gordon (1580–1661), antiquary, cartographer, geographer, mathematician and poet who created and revised many maps, including the first atlas of Scotland after being asked via a letter from King Charles I of England
James Augustus Grant (1827–1892), British Army Lieutenant who accompanied John Hanning Speke in the search and discovery of the source of the River Nile; the Grant's gazelle is named in his honour
Sir James Hector (1834–1907), geologist, naturalist and surgeon on the Palliser Expedition, the main goal of which was to find possible routes for the Canadian Pacific Railway; went on to manage what is now the Royal Society of New Zealand for thirty-five years
Isobel Wylie Hutchison (1889–1982), Arctic traveller and botanist
Alexander Keith Johnston (1844–1879), cartographer and geographer to a commission for the survey of Paraguay; died while leading the Royal Geographical Society's expedition to Lake Malawi
John Kirk (1832–1922), botanist, naturalist and physician; British administrator in Zanzibar; supported the abolition of the slave trade along with his associate David Livingstone
Alexander Gordon Laing (1793–1826), British Army Major who was the first Westerner to discover the ancient city of Timbuktu
Macgregor Laird (1808–1861), merchant and shipbuilder; pioneered British trade on the Niger River; his ship Sirius was the first to cross the Atlantic Ocean run entirely on steam power; supported the abolition of the slave trade
William Lithgow (1582–1645), alleged spy, traveller and writer who claimed to have peregrinated over 35,000 miles throughout various parts of the world
David Livingstone (1813–1873), medical missionary and one of Africa's most celebrated explorers; discovered Victoria Falls, among other things; strongly opposed the slave trade; his meeting with H. M. Stanley gave rise to the quotation "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"
Gregor MacGregor (1786–1845), adventurer, coloniser, land speculator and soldier who fought in South America during the Spanish American wars of independence, before later helping to colonise parts of the continent
John MacGregor (1825–1892), artist, barrister, philanthropist and travel writer; descendant of Rob Roy MacGregor; developed canoe sailing and popularised canoeing as a recreational sport, paddling and sailing them in both Europe and the Middle East
Alistair Mackay (1878–1914), doctor and polar explorer, one of the first expedition to reach the south magnetic pole
Sir Alexander Mackenzie (1764–1820), merchant who traced the 1,080-mile Mackenzie River and completed the first east to west overland crossing of the Americas (north of Mexico) to reach the Pacific Ocean; this predated the Lewis and Clark Expedition by a decade
Harry McNish (1874–1930), carpenter on Sir Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans–Antarctic Expedition; later responsible for much of the work that ensured the crew's survival after the ship was destroyed
Archibald Menzies (1754–1852), botanist, naturalist and surgeon on the Vancouver Expedition, which circumnavigated the globe, touched five continents and changed the course of history for the American indigenous people and the continent's European colonisation
Sir Thomas Mitchell (1792–1855), British Army Lieutenant Colonel and surveyor in south-eastern Australia who became the Surveyor General of New South Wales; led several expeditions along the Darling River and beyond
John Muir (1838–1914), author and naturalist whose conservation and preservation activism led to the creation of many national parks in the United States; founded the Sierra Club in California, one of the most important conservation organisations in America
Sir John Murray (1841–1914), pioneering limnologist, marine biologist and oceanographer who assisted Charles Wyville Thomson on the Challenger expedition; first to note the existence of oceanic trenches, as well as the Mid–Atlantic Ridge
William Hutchison Murray (1913–1996), mountaineer and writer who helped discover a route through the ice fields of Khumbu Glacier to the South Col of Mount Everest's summit, later used by Sir Edmund Hillary and SherpaTenzing Norgay during their historic ascent
Walter Oudney (1790–1824), physician and African explorer, one of the first Europeans to accomplish a north–south crossing of the Sahara Desert
Mungo Park (1771–1806), botanist and surgeon who conducted many journeys to Africa and was the first Westerner to encounter the central portion of the Niger River
William Paterson (1755–1810), botanist, British Army Colonel and lieutenant governor, best known for leading early settlement in Tasmania
John Rae (1813–1893), physician who explored Northern Canada, mainly surveying parts of the Northwest Passage; later reported the fate of the lost Franklin Expedition
Sir John Richardson (1787–1865), naturalist and naval surgeon; traveled with Sir John Franklin in search of the Northwest Passage on the Coppermine Expedition of 1819–1822; they later surveyed 1,878 miles of previously unmapped coast and made many natural history discoveries
Sir James Clark Ross (1800–1862), Royal Navy Admiral who led the first successful expedition to reach the north magnetic pole; discovered the Ross Sea, Victoria Land, and volcanoes Mount Erebus and Mount Terror in Antarctica
Sir John Ross (1777–1856), Royal Navy Admiral who discovered the Boothia Peninsula, the Gulf of Boothia and King William Island while exploring the Arctic
John Ross (1817–1903), drover who explored deserts, mountain ranges and rivers in South Australia, before later leading an expedition to establish a route for the Australian Overland Telegraph Line
Alexander Selkirk (1676–1721), sailor who spent four years as a castaway after being marooned on the Juan Fernández Islands off the coast of Chile; his story is the inspiration behind Daniel Defoe's well-known character and novel Robinson Crusoe
Henry Sinclair (c. 1345–c. 1400), nobleman rumoured to have explored Greenland and North America one hundred years before Christopher Columbus
Sir James Stirling (1791–1865), colonial administrator and Royal Navy Admiral who established the Swan River Colony and became the first Governor of Western Australia
John McDouall Stuart (1815–1866), surveyor and one of Australia's most famous explorers; led the first expedition to successfully traverse the continent from south to north and return
Sir Charles Wyville Thomson (1830–1882), marine zoologist, natural historian and the chief scientist on the pioneering Challenger Expedition, which lay the foundation for modern oceanography
Joseph Thomson (1858–1895), geologist and an important figure in the Scramble for Africa; headed many expeditions, including taking over one following the death of Alexander Keith Johnston; the Thomson's gazelle is named in his honour
Tom Weir, MBE (1914–2006), author, broadcaster and climber who is best known for his long-running television series, Weir's Way, which helped popularise hillwalking and the great outdoors
Thomas Braidwood Wilson (c. 1792–1843), surgeon and explorer in Australia
John Wood (1812–1871), cartographer, naval officer and surveyor who explored many Asian rivers and compiled several maps of South Asia, which remained standard for most of the 19th century
Sir James Wordie (1889–1962), geologist, chief of scientific staff on Sir Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans–Antarctic Expedition
Humorists[]
Stanley Baxter (born 1926)
Danny Bhoy (born 1974)
Frankie Boyle (born 1972)
Rory Bremner (born 1961)
Kevin Bridges (born 1986)
Janet Brown (1924–2011)
Fred Cairns (1857–1896)
Susan Calman
Rhona Cameron (born 1965)
Stephen Carlin
Des Clarke
Alun Cochrane (born 1975)
Billy Connolly (born 1942)
Ronald Balfour Corbett (born 1930), known better as Ronnie Corbett
Ivor Cutler (1923–2006)
Karen Dunbar (1971)
Craig Ferguson (born 1962)
Gregor Fisher (born 1953), known better as the character Rab C. Nesbitt
Rikki Fulton (1924–2004)
George Gale (1929–2003), political cartoonist
Graeme Garden (born 1943)
Janey Godley (born 1961)
Greg Hemphill (born 1969)
Craig Hill
Armando Iannucci (born 1963)
Phil Kay
Ford Kiernan (born 1962)
Harry Lauder (1870–1950)
David Law (1908–1971), cartoonist
Brian Limond (born 1974)
Jimmy Logan (1928–2001)
Fred MacAulay (born 1956)
Doon Mackichan (born 1962)
Chic Murray (1919–1985)
Jerry Sadowitz (born 1961)
Iain Stirling (born 1988)
Ian Tough (born 1947), one half of The Krankies
Janette Tough (born 1947), A.K.A. Wee Jimmy Krankie
General James Abercrombie (1706–1781), British Army commander-in-chief of forces in North America during the French and Indian War
Sir James Abercrombie, 1st Baronet of Edinburgh (died 1724), British Army officer and politician
Major Sir Ralph Anstruther, 7th Baronet (1921–2002), British Army officer and courtier, awarded the Military Cross
Major General Robert Keith Arbuthnott, 15th Viscount of Arbuthnott (1897–1966), senior British Army officer, serving in both World War I and World War II
William Baillie, professional soldier in Swedish and Scottish Covenanter service
General Sir David Baird, 1st Baronet (1757–1829), military leader
Gilbert Balfour, 16th-century mercenary captain, probably having a leading role in the murder of Lord Darnley
Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly, Russian Field Marshal and Minister of War during Napoleon's invasion in 1812 and War of the Sixth Coalition
Sir Andrew Barton (c. 1466–1511), sailor from Leith, served as High Admiral of the Kingdom of Scotland
King Robert the Bruce (1274–1329), Scotland's hero king and greatest warrior
Calgacus
Donald Cameron of Lochiel (c. 1700–1748), Jacobite commander during the 1745 rising
Richard Cameron (c. 1648–1680), Republican Covenanter and founder of the "Cameronians"
Lady Agnes Campbell (1526–1601), military leader in Ireland
Sandy Campbell (1898–1940), Second Lieutenant in the Royal Engineers, 9th Bomb Disposal Company; awarded the George Cross
Sir Alexander Inglis Cochrane (1758–1832), senior Royal Navy commander during the Napoleonic Wars, achieving the rank of admiral
Captain Archibald Cochrane (1783–1829), Royal Navy officer
Colonel Hugh Stewart Cochrane (1829–1884), recipient of the Victoria Cross for his actions during the Indian Mutiny
Air Chief Marshal the Honourable Sir Ralph Alexander Cochrane (1895–1977), pilot and Royal Air Force officer
Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald (1775–1860), Admiral in the Royal Navy
Sir Thomas John Cochrane (1789–1872), Royal NavyFirst Sea Lord
Ninian Cockburn (died 1579), soldier, officer of the Garde Écossaise, political intriguer
Major General Samuel Cockburn (or Cobron) (c. 1574–1621), soldier in the service of Sweden
General Sir James Henry Craig (1748–1812), British military officer and colonial administrator
GeneralSir Alan Gordon Cunningham (1887–1983), British Army officer
Admiral of the FleetAndrew Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope (1883–1963), admiral of the World War II, brother of Alan
James Currie (1756–1805), biographer of Robert Burns, early advocate of hydropathy
Mark John Currie (1795–1874), explorer, founder settler of Western Australia, Admiral in the Royal Navy
Field Marshal John Dalrymple, 2nd Earl of Stair (1673–1747), soldier and diplomat, commander at the Battle of Dettingen
Tam Dalyell of the Binns (1615–1685), general
Sir Archibald Douglas (c. 1298–1333), Regent of Scotland and leader of Scots forces at the Battle of Halidon Hill
Sir James Douglas (c. 1287–1329), Warden of the Scottish Marches, military leader
Air Chief Marshal Hugh Caswall Tremenheere Dowding, 1st Baron Dowding (1882–1970), Air Officer CommandingRAF Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain
George Keith Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith (1746–1823), admiral active throughout the Napoleonic Wars
Major-General William George Keith Elphinstone (1782–1842), British Army officer
Lieutenant Francis Anthony Blair Fasson, (1913–1942), Royal Navy officer, posthumously awarded George Cross, who captured codebooks vital to breaking the Enigma cipher
Sir Adam Ferguson (1771–1855), keeper of the regalia in Scotland
John Forbes (1707–1759), general
Captain Douglas Ford (1918–1943), Royal Scots officer, prisoner of war, awarded the George Cross
Brigadier Simon Fraser, 15th Lord Lovat (1911–1995), prominent British Commando during the World War II
Air Vice Marshal Sir Matthew Brown Frew (1895–1974), senior officer in the Royal Air Force and World War I flying ace
Sir James Alexander Gordon (1782–1869), distinguished British officer in the Royal Navy
Patrick Leopold Gordon of Auchleuchries (1635–1699), general and rear admiral in Russia
James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose (1612–1650), Covenanter and Royalist leader of Highland Armies
John Graham, Viscount (Bonnie) Dundee (c. 1648–1689), Jacobite Highland Army leader
General Sir Thomas Graham, Lord Lynedoch (1748–1843), leading Napoleonic General
Douglas Haig (1861–1928), Commander of British Forces during World War I
General Sir James Aylmer Lowthorpe Haldane (1862–1950), senior British Army officer
Lieutenant General Sir David Henderson (1862–1921), British Army officer, authority on tactical intelligence, first commander of the Royal Flying Corps, instrumental in establishing the Royal Air Force
Captain Ian Henry David Henderson (1896–1918), World War I flying ace
General Henry Sinclair Horne, 1st Baron Horne (1861–1929), World War I general
James Innes (c. 1700–1759), military commander and political figure in the Province of North Carolina
James John McLeod Innes (1830–1907), recipient of the Victoria Cross for action during the Indian Rebellion of 1857
John Paul Jones (1747–1792), father of the American Navy
Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven (1582–1661), general, soldier in Dutch, Swedish and Scottish Covenanter service
David Leslie, 1st Lord Newark (c. 1600–1682), cavalry officer and general in Swedish and Scottish Covenanter service
Major-General Edward Douglas Loch, 2nd Baron Loch (1873–1942), senior British Army officer
Granville Gower Loch (1813–1853), captain in the Royal Navy, killed in action in Burma
Henry Brougham Loch, 1st Baron Loch (1827–1900), soldier and colonial administrator
Alasdair Mac Colla (c. 1610–1647), Royalist soldier
Rob Roy MacGregor (1671–1734)
Hugh Mackay (c. 1640–1692), general who served during the Revolution of 1688
Colin Mackenzie (c. 1754–1821), soldier in British India
Alexander Slidell MacKenzie, U.S. Navy
Ranald Slidell Mackenzie, U.S. Cavalryman
General Sir Harry Aubrey de Vere Maclean (1848–1920), general, commander of the Moroccan Army
Major-General Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 1st Baronet (1911–1996), soldier, writer and politician; reputed to be one of the men composing the compound of "Commando types" who inspired the Ian Fleming character James Bond
Sam McDonald (1762–1802), "Big Sam", fencibles and gatekeeper for the Prince of Wales, noted for his unusual height
Archie McKellar (1912–1940), Battle of Britain ace pilot
Hugh Mercer (1726–1777), Continental Army General, fatally wounded at the Battle of Princeton
Bill Millin (1922–2010), personal piper to Simon Fraser, 15th Lord Lovat
Robert Monro (died c. 1680), general
Richard Montgomery, Continental army
Admiral Sir Graham Moore (1764–1843), career officer in the Royal Navy, brother of Sir John Moore
Lieutenant-General Sir John Moore (1761–1809), General, victor of the Battle of Corunna
Andrew Moray (died 1297), military leader during the Scottish Wars of Independence
Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray (c. 1278–1332), fought with King Robert I and James Lord of Douglas to regain Scotland's independence
Admiral Sir Charles John Napier (1786–1860), naval officer and MP
Captain Ian Patrick Robert Napier (1895–1977), World War I flying ace credited with twelve aerial victories
William Napier, 9th Lord Napier (1786–1834), Royal Navy officer, politician and diplomat
John Pitcairn (1722–1775), Marine officer, killed at the battle of Bunker Hill
John Reid (1721–1807), British general and musical composer, who left a bequest to fund a chair in Music at the University of Edinburgh
Andrew Duncan, the elder (1744–1828), physician, professor at Edinburgh University, pioneer of forensic medicine
Andrew Duncan, the younger (1773–1832), physician, first professor of medical jurisprudence at Edinburgh University
James Matthews Duncan (1826–1890), physician, practitioner of and author on obstetrics
William Ronald Dodds Fairbairn (1889–1964), psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, central figure in the development of the object relations theory of psychoanalysis
Sir Walter Farquhar (1738–1819), physician, whose clientele included the future King George IV and William Pitt the Younger
William Fergusson (1773–1846), inspector-general of military hospitals; medical writer
Charles Finnigan (1901–1967), dental surgeon, Surgeon Rear-Admiral in the Royal Navy, Honorary Dental Surgeon to the Queen
James Forbes (1779–1837), inspector-general of army hospitals
George Fordyce (1736–1802), physician, lecturer on medicine, and chemist
Sir William Fordyce (1724–1792), physician, voted a gold medal for his work on rhubarb by the Society of Arts
David Kennedy Fraser (1888–1962), psychologist, educator and amateur mathematician
Margaret Neill Fraser (1880–1915), First World War nurse and notable amateur golfer, who died in Serbia
John Gairdner (1790–1876), physician and president of the College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
Sir William Tennant Gairdner (1824–1907), Professor of Medicine in the University of Glasgow
Maxwell Garthshore (1732–1812), physician
Marion Gilchrist (1864–1952), first female graduate of the University of Glasgow; first woman to qualify in medicine from a Scottish university; leading activist in Women's suffrage movement
Thomas John MacLagan (1838–1903), Dundee doctor and pharmacologist
Patrick Manson (1844–1922), physician who made important discoveries in parasitology, founder of the field of tropical medicine
Mary Adamson Anderson Marshall (1837–1910), physician, one of the members of the Edinburgh Seven, the first women to study medicine at the University of Edinburgh
Douglas Mary McKain (1789–1873), New Zealand nurse, midwife and businesswoman
Agnes McLaren (1837–1913), doctor, first to give medical assistance to women in India
Gavin Milroy (1805–1886), physician and medical writer
Alexander Monteith of Auldcathie (1660–1713), surgeon, deacon of the Incorporation of Surgeons of Edinburgh
Neil Gordon Munro (1863–1942), physician and anthropologist, who studied the Ainu people
See also: List of Scottish rugby union players, List of Scotland national rugby union players, List of Scotland national cricket captains, and List of Scotland women ODI cricketers
Gary Anderson (born 1970), professional darts player
Robert Archibald (1980–2020), first Scottish NBA player
John Baird (1870–1905), footballer
Imogen Bankier (born 1987), badminton player, winner of the national championships
Alain Baxter (born 1973), alpine skier
Jim Baxter (1939–2001), footballer
Andy Beattie (1913–1983), professional football player and manager, the first manager of the Scottish national team
Eric Brown (1925–1986), professional golfer
Hamish Brown (born 1934), first person to walk all the Munros in a single trip
Sarah Bryce (born 2000), cricketer in Scotland women's national cricket team
Ken Buchanan (born 1945), world champion boxer
Euan Burton (born 1979), judo expert, who represented Great Britain at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics in the Half-Middleweight (under 81 kg) Judo event
Sir Matt Busby (1909–1994), former football manager, won the European Cup in 1968
John Bute (also known as Johnny Dumfries) (1958-2021), peer and racing driver, winner of the 1988 24 Hours of Le Mans
John Adair (c. 1655–1722), surveyor and cartographer
Dr Hely Hutchinson Almond (1832–1903), educator and rugby union promoter
Jane Arthur (1827–1907), feminist and activist
Col. David Barclay (1610–1686), 1st Laird of Urie, a convert to Quakerism
Robert Barclay (1648–1690), Quaker, governor of the East Jersey colony
Andrew Bell (1753–1832), developer of the Madras system of education
Harry Benson (born 1929), celebrity and pop culture photographer
John Boyd (1925–2018), milliner based in London
James Braidwood (1800–1861), founder of the world's first municipal fire service in Edinburgh in 1824, and first director of the London Fire Engine Establishment
Thomas Braidwood (1715–1806), teacher of the deaf
John Brown (1826–1883), servant of Queen Victoria
John Brown (1627–1685), Covenanter martyr
Kenn Burke, ballet dancer
John Cairncross (1913–1995), intelligence officer and spy during World War II, alleged to be the fifth member of the Cambridge Five
Charles Cameron (1927–2001), magician, godfather of bizarre magic
Ajahn Candasiri (born 1947), Theravāda Buddhist nun who co-founded Chithurst Buddhist Monastery
Michael Caton-Jones (born 1957), film director
William Chambers (born 1979), award-winning hat designer
Walter Chepman (fl. c. 1500), merchant, notary and civil servant; in partnership with Androw Myllar in Scotland's first printing press
Mary Crudelius (née Maclean, 1839–1877), campaigner for women's education, and a supporter of women's suffrage
Alexander Cruden (1699–1770), compiler of an early concordance to the Bible
Lord Curriehill (1549–1617), prosecutor, ambassador, and judge
Alexander Dalrymple (1737–1808), geographer and the first Hydrographer of the British Admiralty
James Dawson (1806–1900), prominent champion of Australian Aborigines' interests
Dervorguilla of Galloway (c. 1210–1290), a 'lady of substance' in 13th-century Scotland, mother of king John I of Scotland, and founder of Sweetheart Abbey
Alexander Donaldson (1727–1794), appellant in the copyright case, Donaldson v Beckett; founder/publisher of the Edinburgh Advertiser
James Donaldson (1751–1830), publisher of the Edinburgh Advertiser; founder of Donaldson's Hospital
Bill Douglas (1934–1991), film director
The Rev. John Archibald Dunbar-Dunbar (1849–1905), philatelist, one of the "Fathers of Philately"
Helen Duncan (1897–1956), last woman to be tried under the Witchcraft Act
William Dunlop (c. 1654–1700), Covenanter, adventurer, and Principal of the University of Glasgow
John Fairbairn (1794–1864), newspaper proprietor, educator, financier and politician of the Cape Colony
Sir David Ferrier (1843–1928), pioneering neurologist and psychologist
Donald Findlay (born 1951)
John Finlaison (1783–1860), first president of the Institute of Actuaries
Alexander Kinloch Forbes (1821–1865), scholar of the Gujarati language
William Forsyth (1737–1804), horticulturist, founding member of the Royal Horticultural Society, after whom the genus Forsythia is named
Lord Fountainhall (1646–1722), one of Scotland's leading jurists
Alexander Yule Fraser (1857–1890), mathematician, one of the founders of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society
Jenny Geddes (c. 1600–c. 1660), market trader, threw a stool at the Dean of Edinburgh in protest against the new prayer book
Patrick Geddes (1854–1932), biologist, sociologist, geographer, philanthropist and pioneering town planner
Sir Andrew Gilchrist (1910–1993), diplomat
Ewen Gillies (born 1825), serial emigrant and adventurer from St. Kilda, Scotland
Anna Gordon or Brown (1747–1810), ballad collector
Robert Gordon of Straloch (1580–1661), cartographer, poet, mathematician, antiquary, and geographer
Janet Gourlay (1863–1912) Egyptologist, born in Glasgow
Patrick Grant (born 1972), fashion designer
Angelica Gray (born 1990), model
Alasdair George Hay (born 1961), first and current Chief Fire Officer of the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service
Robert Hay (1799–1863), traveller, antiquarian, and Egyptologist
Margaret Henderson (1921–2007), Scottish dancer
Amanda Hendrick (born 1990), model
William Vallance Douglas Hodge (1903–1975), mathematician, geometer
Isobel Hoppar (born c. 1490), landowner, governess and political figure
John Horrocks (1816–1881), founder and innovator of modern European fly fishing
Kirsty Hume (born 1976), model
Sir John Ritchie Inch (1911–1993), police officer, Chief Constable of Edinburgh City Police
David Jones (born 1966), games programmer and entrepreneur, known for creating the Grand Theft Auto video game franchise
Princess Kaiulani Cleghorn of Hawaii (1876–1899), daughter of Archibald Cleghorn and Princess Miriam Likelike (sister of Queen Lili'iuokalani)
Christopher Kane (born 1982), fashion designer
James Kennedy (1930–1973), security guard for British Rail Engineering Limited, posthumously awarded the George Cross
Simon Somerville Laurie (1829–1909), educator
Mikhail Lermontov, 19th-century Russian author of Scottish origin
Hercules Linton (1837–1900), surveyor, designer, shipbuilder, antiquarian and local councillor, designer of the Cutty Sark
James Loch (1780–1855), economist, advocate, barrister, estate commissioner
Sir Robert Hamilton Bruce Lockhart (1887–1970), diplomat, journalist and secret agent
Mary Lyon (1797–1849), first woman principal in America
Flora Macaulay (1859–1958), editor of The Oban Times newspaper
Flora MacDonald (1722–1790), Jacobite and United Empire Loyalist
Gillies MacKinnon, film director, writer and painter
Iain Macmillan (1938–2006), photographer, took the photograph for The Beatles' album Abbey Road
Jamie Macpherson (1675–1700), outlaw and author of MacPherson's Lament or Rant
Dame Sarah Elizabeth Siddons Mair (1846–1941), campaigner for women's education and women's suffrage
Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (1840–1929), author, and campaigner for women's rights
Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (1880–1958), author, palaeobotanist and campaigner for eugenics and women's rights
John Guthrie Tait (1861–1945), educator, principal of the Central College of Bangalore, and sportsman
Stella Tennant (born 1970), model
Mary Anne MacLeod Trump (born 1912), philanthropist, mother of Donald Trump[11]
John Thomson (1837–1921), photographer
James Tytler (1745–1804), apothecary, editor of the second edition of Encyclopædia Britannica; first person in Britain to fly (by ascending in a hot air balloon)
John Walker (1731–1803), minister of religion, natural historian and professor
Albert Watson (born 1942), fashion and celebrity photographer
Alexander Wilson (died 1922), noted amateur photographer, working in Dundee
