List of Viola species
This is a list of species in the plant genus Viola, often known as violets or pansies.
Viola is the largest genus in the family Violaceae, containing between 525 and 600 species.[1][2]
Streptocarpus sect. Saintpaulia (African violets) and Erythronium dens-canis (dogtooth violet) are not closely related to the true violas.
Species include:
- Viola abyssinica
- - acuminate violet
- Viola adunca - hookedspur violet, western dog violet
- - sand violet
- Viola alba - white violet
- - alšar violet
- Viola angustifolia[3][4]
- Viola appalachiensis - Appalachian violet
- Viola arborescens
- Viola arvensis - field pansy, European field pansy
- Viola aurea - golden violet
- - Babuna's violet
- Viola bakeri - Baker's violet
- Viola banksii - Banks' violet
- Viola beckwithii - Beckwith's violet, Great Basin violet
- Viola bertolonii
- Viola betonicifolia - showy violet, mountain violet
- Viola bicolor - field pansy
- Viola biflora - yellow wood violet, twoflower violet, arctic yellow violet
- Viola blanda - sweet white violet, Willdenow's violet
- - Bornmüller's violet
- - short stipule violet
- Viola brittoniana - northern coastal violet, coast violet
- Viola calaminaria - yellow calamine violet
- Viola calcarata
- Viola caleyana
- - California violet
- Viola canadensis - Canadian white violet, Canada violet
- Viola canina - dog violet, European heath dog violet
- Viola chamissoniana - olopu
- [5]
- - Charleston mountain violet
- Viola cheiranthifolia - Teide violet
- - China violet
- Viola cleistogamoides
- - hill violet
- Viola cornuta - horned pansy, horned violet, Johnny-jump-up, bedding pansy
- Viola cucullata - marsh blue violet
- Viola cuicochensis
- Viola culminis
- Viola cuneata - wedgeleaf violet
- Viola decumbens
- - spreading violet
- Viola douglasii - Douglas' golden violet
- Viola egglestonii - glade violet
- Viola elatior
- Viola eminens
- Viola epipsila - dwarf marsh violet, large marsh violet
- - fringed violet
- Viola flettii - Olympic violet, rock violet
- Viola frank-smithii - Frank-Smith's violet
- Viola fuscoviolacea
- Viola glabella - pioneer violet, stream violet
- - Gostivar violet
- - Guadalupe violet
- [6]
- Viola guestphalica - calamine violet
- Viola hallii - Oregon violet
- Viola hastata - halberd-leaf yellow violet
- Viola hederacea - Australian violet, trailing violet
- Viola helenae - Wahiawa stream violet
- - Herzog violet
- Viola hirsutula - southern woodland violet
- Viola hirta - hairy violet
- Viola hispida - Rouen pansy
- - Howell's violet
- Viola incognita - large-leaved white violet
- - Japanese violet
- [1]
- Viola kauaensis - pohe hiwa
- Viola kitaibeliana - dwarf pansy
- - Košanin violet
- Viola labradorica - alpine violet, Labrador violet
- Viola lactea - pale dog violet
- Viola lanaiensis - Hawaii violet
- Viola lanceolata - bog white violet
- Viola langsdorffii - Aleutian violet, Alaska violet
- Viola libanotica
- Viola lilliputana - Lilliputian violet
- - rock violet
- Viola lobata - moosehorn violet, yellow wood violet, pine violet
- Viola lutea - mountain pansy
- - Haaka [7]
- Viola macloskeyi - small white violet, western sweet white violet
- Viola mandshurica - Fuji dawn
- [8]
- - Hawaii bog violet
- Viola mirabilis - wonder violet
- - Missouri violet, banded violet
- [9]
- [2]
- Viola nephrophylla - northern bog violet
- [8]
- - New England blue violet
- Viola nuttallii - Nuttall's violet, yellow prairie violet
- Viola oahuensis - Oahu violet
- - marsh blue violet
- - blunt violet
- Viola ocellata - pinto violet, two-eyed violet
- Viola odorata - sweet violet
- - darkwoods violet, western round-leaved violet
- - crowfoot violet, early blue violet, palmate violet (edible leaves and flowers)[10]
- Viola palustris - marsh violet, alpine marsh violet
- - stemless violet
- Viola pedata - birdfoot violet, crowfoot violet
- Viola pedatifida - prairie violet, prairie birdfoot violet
- Viola pedunculata - California golden violet, grass pansy, yellow pansy
- Viola persicifolia (syn. V. stagnina) - fen violet
- Viola pinetorum - goosefoot violet
- - pinnate violet
- Viola praemorsa - canary violet
- Viola primulifolia - primrose-leaf violet
- - butterfly violet
- Viola pubescens - downy yellow violet
- - meadow violet
- Viola purpurea - goosefoot violet
- Ramond ex DC.
- Viola rafinesquii - field pansy
- Viola reichenbachiana - early dog violet, slender wood violet
- - Reiche violet, Patagonian yellow violet, Chilean yellow violet
- Viola renifolia - northern white violet, kidney-leaved white violet
- Viola riviniana - common dog violet
- Viola rostrata - longspur violet
- Viola rotundifolia - eastern roundleaf yellow violet, early yellow violet
- Viola rupestris - Teesdale violet, rock violet
- Viola sagittata - arrowleaf violet
- - Šar mountain violet
- Viola selkirkii - northern violet, Selkirk's violet
- Viola sempervirens - evergreen violet, redwood violet
- - southern coastal violet
- - northern woodland violet, northern blue violet
- Viola sheltonii - Shelton's violet
- Viola sieberiana
- Viola silicestris
- - Kruševo violet
- Viola sororia - woolly blue violet
- Viola stipularis
- Viola striata - striped violet, striped cream violet, pale violet
- - Russian violet
- Viola subsinuata - wavy-leaf violet
- Viola tomentosa - feltleaf violet
- Viola tricolor - wild pansy, heart's-ease, Johnny-jump-up
- - three-lobed violet
- - Rainier violet, sagebrush violet
- Viola tripartita - threepart violet
- Viola ucriana
- Viola uliginosa — swamp violet[11]
- - Ponderosa violet
- - Utah violet
- - sheathed violet
- Viola vallicola - valley violet
- - hidden violet
- - twoflower violet, plains violet, wayside violet
- - Carolina violet, hairy violet, wrinkled violet
- - Alakai swamp violet
- Viola walteri - prostrate blue violet, prostrate southern violet
- (syn. Viola philippica var. philippica) - Chinese violet[12]
Hybrids[]
Known hybrids in genus Viola include:
A Viola × wittrockiana cultivar
Viola
- - Bernard's violet
- - Bissell's violet
- - Braun's violet
- - Davis' violet
- - Eames' violet
- - Hollick's violet
- - Lucy's violet
- - Mulford's violet
- - Peck's violet
- - Porter's violet
- - Ryon's violet
- - Slavin's violet
- Viola × wittrockiana - pansy, garden pansy
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b Ning, Z. L., et al. (2012). Viola jinggangshanensis (Violaceae), a new species from Jiangxi, China. Annales Botanici Fennici 49(5) 383-86.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Zhou, J. S., et al. (2008). Viola nanlingensis (Violaceae), a new species from Guangdong, southern China. Annales Botanici Fennici 45(3) 233-36.
- ^ Watson, J.M. (2019). "Lest we forget. A new identity and status for a Viola of section Andinium W. Becker; named for an old and treasured friend and companion. Plus another..." (PDF). International Rock Gardener (117). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-10-01. Retrieved 2019-10-01.
- ^ "Viola wikipedia". International Plant Names Index. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries and Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
- ^ Zhou, J. S. and F. W. Xing. (2007). Viola changii sp. nov.(Violaceae) from Guangdong, southern China.[permanent dead link] Nordic Journal of Botany 25(5‐6) 303-05.
- ^ Anqiang, D., et al. (2009). A new species of Viola (Violaceae) from Guangdong, China. Novon 19(4) 457-60.
- ^ New Zealand Plant Conservation Network - Viola lyallii
- ^ Jump up to: a b Chen, Y. S. and Q. E. Yang. (2009). Two new stoloniferous species of Viola (Violaceae) from China. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 159(2) 349-56.
- ^ Chen, Y. S. and Q. E. Yang. (2005). A new species of Viola L.(Violaceae) from Sichuan, China. Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 149(3) 365-68.
- ^ Elias, Thomas S.; Dykeman, Peter A. (2009) [1982]. Edible Wild Plants: A North American Field Guide to Over 200 Natural Foods. New York: Sterling. p. 116. ISBN 978-1-4027-6715-9. OCLC 244766414.
- ^ Slazak, B., Sliwinska, E., Saługa, M. et al. Micropropagation of Viola uliginosa (Violaceae) for endangered species conservation and for somaclonal variation-enhanced cyclotide biosynthesis. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 120, 179–190 (2015). doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0592-3
- ^ "Viola yedoensis". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 21 January 2018.
Categories:
- Viola (plant)
- Lists of plant species